e-Governance in India:Focus on Education Sector

Emerging issues, challenges and opportunities

What is e-governance?

e-Governance is the public sector’s use of information and communication technologies with the aim of improving information and service delivery, encouraging citizen participation in the decision-making process and making government more accountable, transparent and effective.

So what’s new? E-Governance involves new styles of

leadership, new ways of debating and deciding policy and investment, new ways of accessing education, new ways of listening to citizens and new ways of organising and delivering information and services.

Goals of e-governance Improve the internal processes of governments

Provide better information and service delivery

Increase government transparency in order to reduce corruption

Reinforce political credibility and accountability

Promote democratic practices through public participation and consultation

Fields of e-governance

e-administration- refers to improving of government processes and of the internal workings of the public sector with new ICT-executed information processes.

Fields of e-governance

e-services- refers to improved delivery of public services to citizens. Some examples of interactive services are: requests for public documents, requests for legal documents and certificates, issuing permits and licenses.

Fields of e-governance

e-democracy- implies greater and more active citizen participation and involvement enabled by ICTs in the decision-making process

Why introduce e-governance? The purpose of implementing e-governance

is to enhance good governance. Good governance is generally characterised

by participation, transparency and accountability.

The recent advances in communication technologies and the Internet provide opportunities to transform the relationship between governments and citizens in a new way, to the achieve good governance goals.

ICT and e-governance? Use of ICT can increase the involvement of

citizens in the process of governance at all levels

Advantages for the government involve that the government may provide better service in terms of time, making governance more efficient and more effective.

In addition, the transaction costs can be lowered and government services become more accessible.

Application areas

Agriculture, power and education are fields where the government makes use of IT to provide services to citizens.

The revenue collection department is in the process of using information technology for applications such as income tax.

Stages of e-Government Presence: Numerous web-sites with

static content (brochure-ware) Interaction: e-mail and downloadable

forms for citizen interaction Transaction: Integrated sites for

enabling complete and secure transactions

Transformation: Seamless integration of sites for e-democracy or transformation

E-government Maturity Model

GMM1: Information access GMM2: Expand access and

transactions GMM3: Re-design processes

around the customer GMM4: Knowledge based

Government

The Objective of e-Governance in education

To meet challenges of Accessibility Scalability Relevance Quality Affordability

Accessibility Reaching out to un-reached areas Low power consumption and rugged

devices (e.g., clockwork radio) Access at all times (An always on

educational system, not only 180 days a year)

Providing access to high quality instruction

Scalability We have today, isolated pockets of

excellence

Expansion at high speed often leads to decline in quality

Scalability while maintaining quality is the challenge

Moving from a mere lecture to the creation of a learning event

It is not enough that a lecture was taken The learning transactions are more

important Did learning take place?

Did an interest in more learning take place?

Did the learner learn how to learn?

Re-structuring and transforming educational processes

Customer Relationship management (Learner relationship management)

Enterprise resource planning (LMS,LCMS..) Quality and Security Management

systems (ISO,CMM,BS7799…) Supply chain management (Global e-

sourcing of learning resources and expertise)

Learner facilitation system (LFS)

Restructuring education for national delivery

Education is about putting teachers and learners together

As we evolve into different stages of society, from hunter-gatherer, agricultural, industrial, post-industrial, to knowledge Society, its modes must change

Learners may be anywhere and educational service providers could come from everywhere

Re-establishment of the Gurukul system displaced by McCaulay and being currently implemented deploying current and emerging technologies

Factors influencing the future learning environments

The convergence in ICT

Emergence of the Knowledge economy

Developments in educational research

The Frog Story

The frog is sitting on a log, watching flies, in the middle of Amazon

He is similar to all other of its kind…

… except by a genetic fluke, he perceives his surrounds as they were a second ago

The Frog Story So what happens? When the frog sees a fly, within range

he lunges out … … but due to his out of date information

… he misses Eventually, weakened by a rarely

satiated hunger, the frog dies The others which use most recent data

survive

Predecessors of the Knowledge Economy

Caveman Stone age Nomadic Hunters Bronze age Iron age Agricultural Society Industrial society Information Society

A snap-shot of the above process They were all a series of technological

shocks But were delivered slowly, often over

different generations Now the same generation experiences

several changes The expected pace of such shocks in

future is too fast for comfort and our ability to cope with changes

Characteristics of a Knowledge Economy

The distinction between ’useful’ and ‘useless’ knowledge is very thin

What you know is more important than what you have

Knowledge moving from the edge to core of business and economics

Whom you know is even more important

Aids and Tools in the Knowledge Economy

Amplifiers Analysers Synthesisers Simulators Packaging methodologies Distribution schemes Filters

Education as key to creating Intellectual capital

Promoting Creativity and innovation

Questioning the answers more important than quoting the right traditional answers to age-old questions

Perpetual Learning Serendipitous Learning

What time frame ?

Coming of the next decade

2005… to 2015

Entering knowledge economy in 2010

Achieving maturity in 2025

Our object is to create winners

People who will be able to flourish and thrive in the knowledge economy

People who will be able to participate in a democracy and through building global consensus

The skills and competencies as well as attitudes and beliefs cannot be the same as that of earlier ages

To be leaders in the knowledge economy…

Teachers will play the central role.. following the earlier success of the shopkeepers, traders, contractors, lawyers…

We need to be owners and creators of knowledge products not a mass market

Needs creativity, innovation on a continuous basis and not conformity and repetition

Who flourishes and thrives..?

Poor struggling people work for the economy (try to get money for the work that they put in)

Flourishers have the economy working for them. (the intellectual capital they create gets them the money)

From one-time learning to perpetual learning

One time qualifications for lifelong employment

If you started higher, you rose higher Last decade saw a growth of life-long

learning,i.e,getting degrees later in life

Current and future trends are for perpetual learning

Responding to the emergence of the Knowledge Economy Learning to Know Constructing knowledge Acquiring knowledge Packaging knowledge Preserving knowledge Disseminating knowledge Unlocking commercial value in

knowledge

Using Knowledge Meaningfully

Extending & Refining Knowledge

How the dimensions of learning interact

Acquiring &integrating knowledge

The Dark sides of various economies

Agricultural: De-forestation Industrial : Pollution and

environmental degradation Information : Privacy (spam, photos,

databases) Bio-economy : Ethics (cloning,

eugenics, genetic patenting, bio-engineered foods, certainty about inherited diseases)

Quality Engaging remote learners Attainment of learning objectives Striving to a 6 sigma approach

Authenticity of learners

Integrity of the certification process

Authenticity of transacted contents

Emerging Learning Models

Instructor –Course Relationships Instructor and Course Instructor but no Course No instructor but course No instructor and no course

Affordability Quality education is getting more

expensive A large part of the expense is on under-

utilised infra-structure and on highly inefficient and expensive administration

Both these costs can be significantly reduced by efficient deployment of technology and out-sourcing of non-core functions.

Can we apply learning from elsewhere to education models

Telecommunication

Banking

Airlines

All have drastically reduced costs by expansion and serving more efficiently

Good governance in corporates

Cadbury report Kumar Mangalam Birla report Sarbanes Oxley Act 2002 Companies Act amendment 2004 All emphasise the importance of

independent directors on Board level decision making especially audit etc.

Emergence of the Independent Educator

Doctors, Engineers, Architects, CA’s , lawyers can all work either within Government, corporate or independently

Qualified educationists would work independently ... as Teachers,quality assessors, curriculum designers, advisors, creators of IP…

How to become a Virtual Teacher

Traditional face to face teachers need to be trained in using ICT to enhance their learning experience and to be able to deliver remotely as well

Webagogy is evolving and developing and needs to be adopted to become a successful Virtual professor

The STUDYIO

STUDY + STUDIO = STUD(YIO) A place well-connected to the Internet

as well as a repository of traditional paper based resources

A reasonably powerful multi-media computer with digital recording device

Some assistance to make it all work in sync during the lecture(presentation)

How can wireless Technologies be used in Education?

Challenges

Risks

Opportunities

Possible Technologies

SMS,MMS,IM WAP/Imode 3G Applications Bluetooth Wearable Computers Location Based Services

Educational Applications

Truancy:Yishun Town Secondary School,Singapore

Examination Results: Institute of Chartered Accountants UK,South Africa

Goodluck messages: Bradford University

Class schedules,changes etc.: Manila’s De La salle University

Some more educational applications

Students Union: Australian National Union of students,National University of Ireland

Revision help : BBC for GCSE,Knowsley Council

Admission offers ; Australia Children’s nutrition level in canteen

food: Singapore

What is MMS?

MMS is a messaging service for the mobile environment, standardized by the WAP Forum and the 3rd Generation Partnership Program (3GPP).

Provides automatic, immediate delivery of user-created content from phone to phone.

The new MMS technology provides support for email addressing.

MMS can contain still images, video and voice or audio clips.

Another advantage of MMS is that the message is sent as a multimedia presentation in a single entry.

MMS is also bearer-independent, and therefore not limited to only GSM or WCDMA networks

Wireless Technologies: Expanding the Range of Options

A campus will move from a wired network to wireless technology for a variety of reasons. Perhaps the wired network doesn’t reach every location in a distance learning program, or the campus decides to go wireless to allow students complete mobility. Sometimes geographic barriers necessitate a technology that can literally leap tall buildings in a single bound. Whatever the reason, deciding to go wireless is only the first step. After that, an institution has to research and choose the best wireless solution for a particular campus or system. As with wired networking, the number of variations available in wireless technology is staggering. Here we've surveyed some options that address campus-specific needs, from handheld devices that replace PCs, to single-office Internet connections, to laser transmission that beams data from point to point.

Implementation Alternatives

Create everything oneself Network for leveraging other

competencies and not keep re-inventing the wheel

Choose between bleeding edge, leading edge, established and receding technologies depending upon the context

E-Contact Framework

Students are and have been supported by teachers, in Class Rooms, through Private Tuition

Schools as well as Private Tutors

However, in the world of today, where support has become important, the objective is not only to deliver the courses and offer degrees…

BUT…

….deliver the courses backed with value added & customised 24/7

Information, Facilitation & Support, thus providing a truly international

experience to the students

…be able to;

…The Solution

Learner’s Facilitation Service

(LFS)Presented by;

Prof. M M Pant

What is LFS ?

A Single Window, Facilitation Services for Learners / Students,

that ….

Presented by;

Prof. M M Pant

…Converges

all facilitation media into one single window,

thus presenting One Point of Contact for the

Learner / Student …Presented by;

Prof. M M Pant

…Relates

to the objective

of the Learner / Student …And…

Presented by;

Prof. M M Pant

…Manages

the Learner / Student with an

e

Presented by;

Prof. M M Pant

A breakthrough in the field of Education …

In summary, LFS is;

Presented by;

Prof. M M Pant

… with unique combination of Technology withEducation & Service

Presented by;

Prof. M M Pant

How will this happen ?

The objectives can be fulfilled by using state-of-the-art

eCRM & Call Centrebacked services, along with a back-end secretarial support.

Presented by;

Prof. M M Pant

Who will benefit ?

All Learners / Student, whether at ;

School level

College level

Professional level

Presented by;

Prof. M M Pant

Key Features of LFS

3 Digit (136, …) or Toll free (1 – 600….) contact

Dedicated team for operations

24/7 service

Web based support (Live & Interactive)

Supply chain management system

Phased implementation plan (PIP)Presented by;

Prof. M M Pant

Highlights…. contd

Soft-tested services

Data capturing mechanisms

Data analysis and Reporting

Check & monitoring system

Customised solutions

Live person interactivity

Multi city operationsPresented by;

Prof. M M Pant

Services Overview

Create & Manage a Data Warehouse

Carry out Tele-research

Provide Detailed Information

Service existing students , Admn.,

Learning support & assistance

Presented by;

Prof. M M Pant

Services Overview

Tele-marketing of offerings

Special Events

Advice / Counseling Services

… … plus many other support services. Basically, plus many other support services. Basically, you have the technology, and it can be used to you have the technology, and it can be used to

our advantageour advantage

Presented by;

Prof. M M Pant

Delivery Methods

In-bound Call Centre Services

Out-bound Call Centre Services

E-mail services (In and Out), including

clearing house operationPresented by;

Prof. M M Pant

Delivery Mode…contd

Live Chat with resource persons (pre-fixed)

Web based support

Traditional mail management system

Presented by;

Prof. M M Pant

Diagrammatic Representation

Call / eCRMCentre

Voice Call MailFax

Voice Agent Chat AgentMail Agent

eMail Web ChatWeb query

Presented by;

Prof. M M Pant

Back-office

Call Centre – team layout

RelationshipDirector

FacilitiesManager

Centre Supervisor

Back-office Supervisor

VoiceAgents

Web Agents

Operations Agents

SecretariatAgents

Presented by;

Prof. M M Pant

… So, what do we achieve ?

…Presented by;

Prof. M M Pant

… A Learner, with a

WOW ! Experience

Presented by;

Prof. M M Pant

Conclusion: A picture 10 years hence

In the past, you had to be born at the right latitude, longitude and time to be fortunate enough to access a quality higher education

Higher education in future could include all, irrespective of the above factors

Providers and seekers of knowledge are all connected through ‘educational grid’. To draw upon as per demand, and to contribute to as per generation

The biggest brand …. ever This single point of confluence would

have a huge brand recognition A single all-India number 16008648 A single web portal www.indianedu.ac.in Faculty e-mail id’s such as

profpant@indianedu.ac.in Student life-long id’s (to continue as

alumni) mmpant@indianedu.ac.in

professor@mmpant.org