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CALIBER 2013
E-Learning: Issues Related to Content Designing and Standards
Dr.Lalitha PoluruLibrarianInstitute of Pharmacy, Nirma University
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Why e-learning?
• According to the attitudes of 21st Century
Learners
• Also teaching performance in the online
environment is easily monitored, and
course-by-course contracting creates
Darwinian incentive to improve.
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Impact of e-learning
E-learning facilitates:
Collaborative learning
Integrative Learning
24 X 7 Learning
With an outcome of
Creative Learners with Self Study (paving way to healthy
research and innovations)
Teachers as facilitators – with a role to educate not to
teach
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Major e-learning initiatives in India
• National Task Force on Information Technology & Software
• Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU)
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Major e-learning initiatives in India
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Content Designing
Comprises Four Components: Context
Activity
Challenge and
Feedback
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Content Designing
Context
Build anticipation of outcomes Make the context appealing
Using a strong storyline, perhaps with suspense, unusual, humour, or drama
Employing fascinating media with unusual perspectives, imagery sounds, and/or animation.
Providing imagery for concepts and/ or performance consequences
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Content Designing
Challenge Put the learner at risk Select the right content for each learner
Providing mnemonics or having learners develop their own
Demonstrating successful techniques Allowing learners to do something they wouldn’t
ordinarily be able to do and to undertake bigger and bigger challenges that require learners to apply more of their skills
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Activity
Have the learner perform multi step tasks
Having learners express what they have learned
through different channels
Providing sufficient practice that is spaced up to
the point of matching the spacing that occurs on
the job
Content Designing
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Content Designing
Feedback
Provide intrinsic feedback
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Characters of Learning Objects
Reusability
Accessibility
Portability
Interoperability
Durability
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Importance of Standards
Platform Free
Achieve interoperability between tools &
systems for supporting
Portability
Reusability
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Standards
• International Standard Organization (ISO);
• IEEE Learning Technology Standards Committee (LTSC);
• European Centre of Normalization (CEN);
• IMS (IMS Global Learning, Inc.);
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Standards
• Aviation Industry CBT Committee (AICC):
• Alliance for Remote Instructional Authoring and Distribution Networks for Europe (ARIADNE); and
• Advanced Distributed Learning
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Standards
Tin Cap API is next generation SCORM (Sharable Content Object Reference Model) with new capabilities:
Taking e-learning outside the web browser
E-learning in native mobile application
More control over learning content
Solid security using Oauth (open standard for
Authorization)
Ability to track games and simulations
Ability to track real world performances
Team based e-learning
Tracking learning plans & goals
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Suggestions
Establishment of Indian Council for Online learning as a statutory body to:
Develop a national distributed repository of learning objects
Maintain standard of online learningCoordinate and promote online learningAccreditation of online learning Portals for life long
learning
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Suggestions
Establishment of a “e-learning Consortium” including member educational institutions to offer e-learning programmes without duplicating efforts
Develop facilities for online training of teachers and administrators
Facilitate development of small learning objects by teachers
-Sanjay Mishra
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Current Trends
• Sharing & Reusing the Learning
Objects
• Linking Learning Objects
Massive Open Online Course (MOOC)
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Current Trends - MOOC
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Peter Ducker predicted that
“Universities won’t survive….. as residential institutions”
Quoted from the Guardian, April 13, 2004
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In future, we may be surprised to see certain ads:
….. you can start your college degree now, taking online courses that will make you feel like you are on facebook instead of sitting in a classroom, listening to a lecture or reading a text book.
Your decision about when and where to study doesn’t have to be all-or-nothing, every semester you can choose whether you want to study at home or at college, you can also take any semester off for an internship or a vacation.
You can customize your courses to fit your preferred learning style; most of our courses come in three varieties: fully face to face, fully online, or a mix of the two, a ‘hybrid’ that meets less often that the traditional face-to-face course.
-Christensen, C.M., & Eyring, H.J. (2011). Innovative University: Changing the DNA of Higher Education from the Inside out. USA: Jossey-Bass.
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