E-Learning

Dr N S Mani

Addl:Professor of Pediatrics

BCWMET 2014 GMCTSR 1

Specific Learning Objectives

At the end of the session, the Learner will be able to:

1. Define e-learning

2. Describe the methods of e-learning

3. Understand its benefits & drawbacks

4.Start own method

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Revolution in education

• Traditional Model

– is teacher-centered method

–rote learning and memorization

– need class room

– coercion – attendance….!!!

Revolution in education

• "Learn by Doing" and "Learn by Discovery“

• e-learning offers educators a new adult learning

theory that may result in a more effective and efficient learning experience

What others say……?

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Ref- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16501260

E-learning in Engg:

Examples for e-learningA lecture uploaded from one of IITs

The video with voice looks like this…………

E learning in Accountancy

In Law….

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Long definition……E-learning …..

– electronic media,– information and communication technologies

• text, • audio, • images, • Animation• audio or video tape, • satellite TV, • CD-ROM, • computer-based learning• web-based Internet

To make it short…….

• educational tool that electronically or technologically supports learning and teaching

It is a ……. ‘classrooms without walls’

• "virtual education course“

• chat rooms, instant messaging or Skype.

Medical organizations supporting tele-education

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World leaders are..

• Finland, Norway, Belgium and Korea appear to have comparatively effective programs.

E-learning is……..

• Synchronous and asynchronous

Synchronous learning

• occurs in real-time, with all participants interacting at the same time

• Examples are face-to-face discussion, online real-time live teacher instruction and feedback, Skype conversations, and chatrooms or virtual classrooms where everyone is online and working collaboratively at the same time.

asynchronous learning

• is self-paced and allows participants to engage in the exchange of ideas or information without the dependency of other participants′ involvement at the same time.

• Asynchronous learning may use technologies such as email, blogs, wikis, and discussion boards, as well as web-supported textbooks, hypertext documents, audio

HTML or HyperText Markup Language

• is the standard markup language used to create web

pages.

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E-learning in schools

• Classroom 2.0 refers to online multi-user virtual environments (MUVEs) that connect schools across geographical frontiers

Key advantages of e-learning include:

• Improved open access to education

• Improved interactions between students and instructors

• Acquisition of technological skills through practice with tools and computers

• Is cost effective.

Key disadvantages of e-learning,

• Bias towards tech-savvy students over non-technical students.

• Unforeseen technical difficulties may impede learning.

What students say…..

• should compliment and not replace traditional teaching

• it takes away the teacher student contact

• Only beneficial if internet resources, support system and time available

• should never replace the traditional model• Ref- Ward JP et al. Communication and information technology in medical education. Lancet. 2001;357:792-796.

• Masie E. Blended learning: the magic is in the mix. In: Rossett A, ed. The E-Learning Handbook. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2002:58-63.

Problems commonly encountered are…

• Accessibility issues

• poor computer literacy

• subsidized laptops and internet connections; separate computer lab for medical college; Wi-Fi availability all over campus

• not good for clinical side

• Some faculty members do not support e-learning

Good ??

Dood learning source for the future

Those who have graduated from Calicut are fond of praising their teacher’s like Dr GK,CBC,NSV……

We don’t have their video or audio to show in this century

Fear of faculty…

• Fear of change

• Costs

• poor design of modules

• inadequate technology eg speed of internet

• lack of skills … in preparing module,ppt

• Live face to-face teaching is missing

• Computer anxiety

Solutions……

• Funding – user fee

• integration of e-learning into the curriculum

• user friendly packages

• access to technology

• skills training

Solutions……

• “all lectures should be recorded and made available to students”

• In NUS buy the CD of the class or access through intra net, attempt online assessment student get credit hours…..

Example for e learning-theory topics like

• Shock

• nerve conduction study

• EEG

• Disorders of sex differentiation

• Steps in resuscitation

• Diabetic Retinopathy

• Anesthetic gases

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Some examples for bed side teaching…..

• Read Chest X Ray

• Demonstrate Anthropometry

• Start IV drip

• Take an ECG

• Do Resuscitation

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Why not in our College?

• E-learning in medical schools can act as supplement to the traditional classroom.

• A few can take this topic as their project..assess response from your students….list benefits and difficulties….solutions that you suggest

Tools – Software a) A solution stack of software, usually free and open source

software (FOSS), used to run dynamic Web sites or servers. Acommon example is the LAMP Architecture, where:

• Linux - Operating System• Apache - Apache Web Server• MySQL - Database Management System (Database Server)• PHP - Hypertext Preprocessor (Scripting Language)b) Learning Management System: Commonly used free ones

are: Moodle (http://moodle.org) and ATutor(http://atutor.ca/).

c) Free lesson construction software to build a teachingwebsite: like Hot Potatoes: (http://hotpot.uvic.ca/)

Tools – Software (optional) d) Blog Publishing System: A commonly used free one is

WordPress (http://wordpress.org/ ) is a blog publishingsystem written in PHP. All data is stored in a MySQLdatabase.

e) Wiki software: A commonly used free one is MediaWiki(http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki /MediaWiki), which is aweb-based wiki software application used by all projects ofthe Wikimedia Foundation, and many other wikis, includingWikipedia and Citizendium.

f) Videoconferencing (Desktop): Instead of cost intensive(branded) dedicated videoconferencing systems (includingboth hardware and software), a PC or laptop can be used forvideoconferencing using the freeware Skype or Dimdim.

Checklist – 1 (i) Initiate Faculty to the pros and

cons -

(ii) Encourage regular interchange ofideas, discuss and demonstrate howto overcome practical difficulties.

(iii) Take the students into confidence

Checklist – 2 (iv) Concerned faculty members may have to spend a

significant amount of time in planning.

(v) The Learning objectives should be clearly stated andappropriate assessment should be carried out

(vi) students should have sufficient computer andInternet access.

Steps

1. Start blog – blogspot.com

2. Make .ppt and convert to video..upload in youtube.com

3. Contact students through sms, email.

4. Measure their visits

5. After a specified time do formative assessment by mcq

6. Evaluate online,send marks by sms, email…

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A topic on Urinary Retention I am posting in blog

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Or a topic from Resp System…

Uploading the whole ppt show

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Send SMS / e mail my students

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Visitor counter tells traffic

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Electronic Examination

Assessing learning in a

1. multiple choice questions,

2. drag-and-drop,

3. radio button,

4. simulation

Online MCQ

Urology……….e-exam

Question paper sent as email…

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Student fills the answers…returns as mail

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Answer in excel sheet can be valued easily…send back as reply…

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Why should I do ????Nobody has taught me like

this…..

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Outcome of Perfect method of Teaching learning is =

The student should be better than the teacher (at a given chronological age)

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Good educational practice….

Chickering & Gamson (1987) introduced the seven principles for good practice in undergraduate education, according to which, good educational practice:

1. Encourages contact between students and faculty

2. Develops reciprocity and cooperation among students

3. Encourages active learning

4. Gives prompt feedback

5. Emphasizes time on task

6. Communicates high expectations

7. Respects diverse talents and ways of learning.

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For perfection …a) Easily accessible.b) Easy to download.c) Easy to understand (written in a language suited to the level of the

students).d) Learning objectives should be clear and the course designed to meet

those objectives (good planning is a must).e) Sufficient hands-on exercises / assignments / quizzes should be

supplemented to the “static” reading (text/image), viewing (video)and listening (audio) study materials and “dynamic” (interactive)contents, if possible.

f) “effective designing” -- stresses more on “usability”.

Neuro-Surgery – video of CME

http://feeds.bmj.com/bmj/podcasts

Podcasts from BMJ

Neurology pod cast

Apps available for android mobile

• uptodate

• Diagnosticpro

• Medical calculators

• WHO tools for anthropometry

• Epocrates

• Medscape

• Pdf reader The teacher’s note sent as pdf password

protected file

http://www.faculty.londondeanery.ac.uk/e-learning

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A few questions…..

• What are the key challenges for you as a clinical teacher in introducing e-learning?

• How do you encourage contact, interaction and co-operation between yourself and learners in an e-learning environment?

• How do you give feedback to learners and how do you know this is effective?

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What I do………..1. blog

2.youtube

16263 views in One year !!!

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3. http://www.slideshare.net/

One can upload ppt file here…

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Similar Topic already prepared…

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REFERENCESSarbadhikari SN, How to design an effective e-learning course for

medical education, Indian Journal of Medical Informatics. 2008; 3:3

http://ijmi.org/index.php/ijmi/article/view/y08i1a3/15

• Albarrak AI,. Designing E-learning Systems in Medical Education: A Case Study: http://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/AlBarrak/Publications/E-Learning%20Design%20Papers.pdf

• Choules AP. The use of elearning in medical education: a review ofthe current situation, Postgrad. Med. J. 2007; 83: 212-216

• Ruiz JG, Mintzer MJ, Leipzig RM. The Impact of e-Learning in MedicalEducation, Acad Med. 2006; 81: 207-212.

• Naidu S, e-Learning: A guidebook of principles, procedures and practices, Commonwealth Educational Media Center for Asia, 2nd Ed, 2006, ISBN: 81-88770-04-3

Take-home Message

1. E-learning is virtual class room.

2. Computer & internet are needed.

3. Learning modules to be made

4. Supplements existing modes.

5. Evaluation & feedback easier

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Nothing is impossible…

Thank You.

Dr N S Mani

9645151883

drnsmanimd@gmail.com

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