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SUB-COMMITTEE ON HUMAN ELEMENT, TRAINING AND WATCHKEEPING 1st session Agenda item 3

HTW 1/WP.6/Add.1

19 February 2014 Original: ENGLISH

DISCLAIMER As at its date of issue, this document, in whole or in part, is subject to consideration by the IMO organ

to which it has been submitted. Accordingly, its contents are subject to approval and amendment of a substantive and drafting nature, which may be agreed after that date.

VALIDATION OF MODEL TRAINING COURSES

Report of Drafting Group 2

Attached in the annex is annex 1 to the report of Drafting Group 2 on Validation of model training courses (HTW 1/WP.6).

***


HTW 1/WP.6/Add.1 Annex, page 1


ANNEX

DRAFT REVISED IMO MODEL COURSE ON GENERAL OPERATOR'S CERTIFICATE FOR GMDSS

(Note: deleted text in strikethrough and new text in underline)

MODEL COURSE 1.25

GENERAL OPERATOR'S CERTIFICATE FOR THE GLOBAL MARITIME DISTRESS AND SAFETY SYSTEM

2014 Edition

Course + Compendium



ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This Model Course on GOC for the GMDSS is based on the Radio Regulations Edition 2012 and SOLAS 1974 as amended. It has been compiled by Mrs. Simone

Wilde, Mr. Andreas Braun and Mr. Dietrich Kaun under direction of the Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH) in co-operation with Mrs. Brunhild

Osterhues from University of Applied Science Bremen



Contents

INTRODUCTION TO MODEL COURSES ................................................................... 4

PART A: COURSE FRAMEWORK .............................................................................. 6

PART B: COURSE OUTLINE AND TIMETABLE ...................................................... 11

PART C: DETAILED TEACHING SYLLABUS ......................................................... 14

PART D: INSTRUCTOR'S MANUAL ........................................................................ 25

PART E: EVALUATION ............................................................................................ 29

INFORMATION REQUESTED OF INSTRUCTORS WHO IMPLEMENT IMO MODEL

COURSES ................................................................................................................. 34

ANNEX 1: EXAMPLE OF TRAINEE'S PRACTICAL PROFICIENCY CHECKLIST . 36

ANNEX 2: PRACTICAL EXAMINATION PROTOCOL GOC .................................... 42

COMPENDIUM (see separate Contents) 61



Introduction to model courses

Purpose of the model courses The purpose of the IMO model courses are to assist maritime training institutes and their teaching staff in organizing and introducing new training courses or in enhancing, updating or supplementing existing training material where the quality and effectiveness of the training courses may thereby be improved. It is not the intention of the model course programme to present instructors with a rigid "teaching package" which they are expected to "follow blindly". Nor is it the intention to substitute audio-visual or "programmed" material for the instructor's presence. As in all training endeavours, the knowledge, skills and dedication of the instructor are the key components in the transfer of knowledge and skills to those being trained through IMO model course material. Rather, this document should be used as a guide with the course duration given as indicative of the expected time required to cover the required outcomes. The parties may modify this course to suit their respective training schemes. For those following planned training schemes approved by the administration, it is intended that this training may form an integral part of the overall training plan and be complementary to other studies. The training may be undertaken in progressive stages; for such candidates, it is not appropriate to specify the duration of the learning, provided achievement of the specified learning outcomes is properly assessed and recorded. Because educational systems and the cultural backgrounds of trainees in maritime subjects vary considerably from country to country, the model course material has been designed to identify the basic entry requirements and trainee target group for each course in universally applicable terms, and to specify clearly the technical content and levels of knowledge and skill necessary to meet the intent of IMO conventions and related recommendations.

Use of the model course To use the model course the instructor should review the course plan and detailed syllabus, taking into account the information provided under the entry standards specified in the course framework. The actual level of knowledge and skills and the prior technical education of the trainees should be kept in mind during this review, and any areas within the detailed syllabus which may cause difficulties because of differences between the actual trainee entry level and that assumed by the course designer should be identified. To compensate for such differences, the instructor is expected to delete from the course, or reduce the emphasis on, items dealing with knowledge or skills already attained by the trainees. He The instructor should also identify any academic knowledge, skills or technical training which they may not have previously acquired.

By analysing the detailed syllabus and the academic knowledge required to allow training in the technical area to proceed, the instructor can design an appropriate pre-entry course or, alternatively, insert the elements of academic knowledge required to support the technical training elements concerned at appropriate points within the technical course.

Adjustment of the course objectives, scope and content may also be necessary if in your

maritime industry the trainees completing the course are to undertake duties which differ

from the course objectives specified in the model course.



By analysing the detailed syllabus and the academic knowledge required to allow training in the technical area to proceed, the instructor can design an appropriate pre-entry course or, alternatively, insert the elements of academic knowledge required to support the technical training elements concerned at appropriate points within the technical course (ref. 1st and 2nd class Radio Electronic Certificate). Within the course plan the course designers have indicated their assessment of the time that should be allotted to each learning area. However, it must be appreciated that these allocations are arbitrary and assume that the trainees have fully met all entry requirements of the course. The instructor should therefore review these assessments and may need to re-allocate the time required to achieve each specific learning objective.

Lesson Plans Having adjusted the course content to suit the trainee intake and any revision of the course objectives, the instructor should draw up lesson plans based on the detailed syllabus. The detailed syllabus contains specific references to the textbooks or teaching material proposed for use in the course. Where no adjustment has been found necessary in the learning objectives of the detailed syllabus, the lesson plans may simply consist of the detailed syllabus with keywords or other reminders added to assist the instructor in making his a presentation of the material.

Presentation The presentation of concepts and methodologies must be repeated in various ways until the instructor is satisfied that the trainee has attained each specified learning objective. The syllabus is laid out in learning-objective format and each objective specifies what the trainee must be able to perform as the learning outcome.

Implementation For the course to run smoothly and to be effective, considerable attention must be paid to the availability and use of:

Properly qualified instructors Support staff Rooms and other spaces Real equipment GMDSS communication simulator, where appropriate, with Touchscreens and

PTT working in a network Textbooks, technical papers Other reference material

Thorough preparation is the key to successful implementation of the course. The IMO has produced "Guidance on the Implementation of IMO Model Courses," which deals with this aspect in greater detail.



PART A: Course Framework

Scope This course covers the training recommendations in annex 3 to the IMO Assembly resolution A. 703 (17) - Recommendation on Training of Radio Operators related to the General Operator's Certificate (GOC). The course is revised to meet the Radio Regulations 2012 and STCW Code .

Objective A trainee successfully completing this course and passing the prescribed examination should be able to efficiently operate the GMDSS equipment required to be fitted in sea area A1, and to have primary responsibility to radio communications during distress-, urgency-, safety and routine incidents on such ships. Given the number of severe problems being experienced in the GMDSS as a result of the large amount of false Distress alerts that sometimes occur, training will also be provided in techniques to avoid the unintentional transmission of false Distress alerts and the procedures to use in order to mitigate the effects of false Distress alerts following unintentional transmission.

Entry standards This course framework requires a basic little knowledge of maritime radio communication practice, and but a working knowledge of written & spoken English as a second language. Elementary computer skills are assumed in the recommended course timetable. Candidates are assumed to have basic computer skills in order to participate in the course. However additional computer skills training will be required by candidates without any basic proficiency in the use of computers.

Certification Every person in charge of or performing radio duties on a ship that is required to participate in the GMDSS is required to hold an appropriate GMDSS Operator's certificate, which satisfies the provisions of the Radio Regulations of the International Telecommunication Union (ref. ITU RR Art. 47). In addition, every candidate for certification in accordance with the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, 1978, as amended (STCW-Convention), for service on a ship which is required to have a radio installation by the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as amended (SOLAS), shall not be less than 18 years of age, and have completed an approved education and training and shall meet the standard of competence specified in section A-IV/2 of the STCW Code. The material contained in this course covers all aspects of training in GMDSS radio communications. However, where the additional requirements for certification under the STCW-Convention contained in column 2 of table A-IV/2 of the STCW Code are not examined as part of the national qualification requirements for a certificate issued under the Radio Regulations, the appropriate provisions for training and assessment contained in section A-IV/2 of the STCW Code will have to be met separately. The examination must be supervised by an approved independent, objective examiner [usually a qualified representative from the Administration, Port Captain's Office or likewise (STCW Code-Convention, Section A-I/6, A-I/7 and A-I/8)].



Course intake limitations The maximum number of trainees should depend on the facilities and equipment available, bearing in mind the scope and objectives of this course. The instructor trainee ratio should be limited to 1:12. When a class size exceeds 12 trainees, an assistant instructor is required. Practical training should be undertaken in small groups of not more than 8 of trainees, depending on the available equipment. The recommendations for facilities and equipment for this course are based on a total number of 12 trainees and corresponding instructor capacity. (most academies, colleges or maritime education institutions recommend 8 students per instructor). The use of GMDSS simulators to supplement training on real equipment may allow greater numbers to be accommodated without sacrificing training standards. However, the course co-ordinator will have to ensure that the timetable arrangements still provide sufficient access to real GMDSS equipment. Note also the arrangements needed for examination and assessment listed under column 3 of table A-IV/2 of the STCW Code.

Staff requirements The following are the minimum qualifications recommended for instructors presenting a course that follows the IMO this Model Course 1.25. The instructor in charge shall:

– be properly qualified in the subject matter. – be in possession of a valid General Operator's Certificate issued by an IMO white

list flag state; – have considerable experience in maritime radio communications, including

GMDSS, also a good general knowledge of ships, maritime Distress, Urgency Safety and Routine communications as well as Search and Rescue matters;

– have completed type specific familiarization relevant to the equipment used for training;

– have completed familiarization with the particular type of equipment and its simulator;

– have a current relevant teaching qualification or have successfully completed a Train-The-Trainer course, including the application of simulators in training and meets the requirements of STCW regulation I/6 and I/12.

Teaching facilities and equipment (for example) GMDSS simulation equipment must meet all applicable performance standards set out in Regulation I/12 of the STCW-Convention. The lecture portion of the course should take place in any suitable classroom with adequate desk/seating space for all trainees. Standard classroom facilities must be available such as whiteboard/chalkboard, appropriate projection system, etc. For practical training, adequate working space and separate parallel working areas are recommended. The following equipment is the minimum recommended:

– One fully operational MF/HF transmitter/receiver set for radiotelephony, NBDP and DSC (an additional DSC controller is recommended since local communications over a hard- wired back-to-back connection between DSC controllers then becomes possible);*

– One dummy satellite EPIRB (406 MHz) with hydrostatic release mechanism;* – One dummy SART – One dummy/ AIS-SART – One EGC receiver facility (An Inmarsat-C covers that requirement on board);*



– A Distress alarm panel for passenger ships (1/2 dummy – to avoid unintended Distress- alarms), connected to the VHF-DSC, MF-DSC and Inmarsat-C;

– One NAVTEX receiver;* – One fully operational VHF transmitter/receivers for radiotelephony and DSC,

incorporating a DSC watch receiver for channel 70 (it should be possible to go on the air with one of them);*

– One two-way portable VHF radiotelephone with charging arrangement; – One portable two-way on-scene communication for 121,5 and 123,1 MHz

(dummy); – One training network with personal computers, touchscreens and PTTs with

realistic simulation equipment should be provided for each trainee, capable of running relevant programmes for simulating the operation of Inmarsat GMDSS satellite systems,-B and -C, DSC and NBDP, Navtex, VHF-DSC, MF/HF DSC, as appropriate;

– One battery inverter power supply, connected as the reserve source of energy (not necessarily located in the working area) or a regular reserve source of energy (radio batteries) connected to the charging arrangement (re.: COMSAR/Circ.16, 4 March 1998); and

– Sign and marking in accordance with the requirements of the administrations for GMDSS ship stations.

Note GMDSS training equipment (real equipment) should be installed in such a way that

it corresponds with the requirements of installation on board GMDSS shipsvessels

fitted with GMDSS equipment for sea area A1. The standard should be set at the

Training Institutions and not on board.

Note GMDSS training simulators have to provide all communication requirements. This

means, that the simulator should simulate the features of the designated simulated

equipment in distress-, urgency-, safety- and routine decisions. It must be possible

to simulate the contact to ship stations as well as to all kinds of coast stations in a

network of computers.

Note Throughout the course, safe working practices are to be clearly defined and

emphasized with reference to current international requirements and regulations.

*Two sets of equipment would prove advantageous.

Teaching aids (A) A1 GOC Model Course Compendium A2 PC programme in a network, including documentation, for the simulation of:

1 Inmarsat-B GMDSS satellite systems / Fleet77 operations including EGC

2 Inmarsat-C operations (including EGC)

3 Narrow Band Direct Printing (NBDP)

4 Digital Selective Calling (VHF-DSC, MF/HF-DSC)

5 Navtex A3 User manuals for all installed or simulated GMDSS equipment A4 Log-book A5 Demonstration equipment (SARTs, / AIS-SARTs, portable GMDSS VHF, portable two-

way on-scene Communication VHF for 121,5 and 123,1 MHz and EPIRBs)



A6 Real equipment as VHF Handheld, VHF-DSC, MF/HF including NBDP and DSC and Inmarsat-CGMDSS satellite systems, SARTs, AIS-SART, EPIRBs, Communication set for 121,5 and 123,1 MHz

IMO and ITU References (R) R1 GMDSS handbook

R2 IAMSAR Manual

R3 Standard Marine Communication Phrases

R4 International Code of Signals – (INTERCO)

R5 Master Plan of the shore-based facilities for the GMDSS

R6 STCW-Convention

R7 IMO Resolution A.814(19)

R8 International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea 1974, as amended (SOLAS)

R9 Radio Regulations (RR), as amended R10 Recommendation ITU-R M.585-6 R11 Recommendation ITU-R M.541-9 R12 Recommendation ITU-R M.493-13 R13 Recommendation ITU-R M.625-04 R14 Recommendation ITU-T R series R15 Recommendation ITU-R M.690-02

Textbooks (T)

T1 ITU Manual for Use by the Maritime Mobile and Maritime Mobile-Satellite Services

T2 1 ITU List of Coast Stations and Special Service Stations (List IV) 2 ITU List of Ship Stations and Maritime Mobile Service Identity Assignments (List V)

T3 1 Inmarsat Maritime Communications Handbook 2 Harmonization of GMDSS requirements for radio installations on board SOLAS-

ships (COMSAR/Circ. 32) 3 EPIRB, and SART, and / AIS-SART User Manual 4 IMO International SafetyNET Manual 5 Inmarsat's "SafetyNET Users' Handbook" 6 Admiralty List of Radio Signals, Volume 1, 3, 5 and 6, as amended

Note It is expected that the national education institution implementing the course will

insert references to national requirements and regulations as necessary.



Availability of publications Information Sources:

The following contacts may be helpful in obtaining reference documents mentioned in this Manual. International documents are available in the official languages of the sponsoring organizations. The organization's website should have the most current contact information such as telephone, facsimile and e-mail.

IMO Publishing 4 Albert Embankment London SE1 7SR United Kingdom

Website: www.imo.org Email: [email protected]

International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Bureau des radiocommunications (BR) Place des Nations CH-1211 Genève 20 Switzerland

Website: www.itu.int/ITU-R/ Email: [email protected]

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) 999 University Street Montreal, Quebec Canada H3C 5H7

Website: www.icao.int

Email: [email protected]

Inmarsat 99 City Road London EC1Y 1AX United Kingdom

Website: www.inmarsat.com Email: [email protected]

International Cospas-Sarsat Programme 700 de la Gauchetière West, Suite 2450 Montreal, Quebec H3B 5M2 Canada

Website: www.cospas-sarsat.org Email: [email protected]

Centro Internazionale Radio-Medico (CIRM) Viale dell'Architettura, 41 00144 Rome Italy

Website: www.cirm.it

Email: [email protected]

Amver Maritime Relations 1 South Street USCG Battery Park Building New York, NY 10004 United States

Website: www.amver.com

Global Positioning System (GPS) U.S. Coast Guard NAVCEN MS 7310 7323 Telegraph Road Alexandria, VA 20598-7310 United States

Website: www.navcen.uscg.gov

http://www.imo.org/

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.itu.int/ITU-R/

http://www.itu.int/home/feedback/index.phtml?mail=brmail

http://www.icao.int/


http://www.inmarsat.com/


http://www.cospas-sarsat.org/


http://www.cirm.it/


http://www.amver.com/

http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/



PART B: Course Outline and Timetable

Overview The following section presents the topics of the 132-hour GOC course in a simplified outline format. The topics are organized into 109 general subject areas. The total hours are allocated in the following manner:

Practice Lecture Examination

44.558,5 hrs 58.568,5 hrs 5,0 hrs

The duration allocated to each topic is presented in the Course Timetables, and is repeated in Part C – Detailed Teaching Syllabus. The Learning Objectives for each topic are presented generally in Part C, and with full detail in the compendium.

As defined in Part A – Course Framework, the Classroom setting should provide one workstation for each trainee, and all workstations should be networked to the simulation instructor and server

Course Outline – Total 108132 hours minimum

Subject Area Hours

1. Introduction

1,0

2. The statutory framework of the Maritime Mobile Service

2.1. International Convention of Safety of Life at Seea

2.2. Radio Regulations

6,0

3. Identification of Radio Stations

3.1. Identification of Ship Stations

3.2. Identification of Coast Stations

3.3. Identification of Search and Rescue Stations

3.4. Identification of Vessel Traffic Service Stations

3.5. Identification of Aids to Navigation

3.6. Identification of Aircraft Stations

3.7. Identification of associated craft with parent ship

3.8. Identification of Ship Earth Stations and Coast Earth Stations

2,0

4. Service Publications

4.1. List of Coast Stations and Special Service Stations (ITU List IV)

4.2. List of Ship Stations and Maritime Mobile Service Identity Assignments (ITU List V)

3,0



Subject Area Hours

4.3. Manual for use by the Maritime Mobile and Maritime Mobile-Satelliete Services

4.4. Admiralty List of radio Signals

5. Technical

5.1. Radio wave propagation

5.2. Modulation basics

5.3. Transmitter and receiver basics

5.4. Batteries

5.5. Antennas

5.6. DSC basics

5.7. Radiotelex basics.

5.8. Fault location and service on GMDSS marine electronic equipment

10,0

6. GMDSS Components

6.1. General including safety precautions

6.2. VHF DSC

6.3. MF/HF DSC

6.4. VHF/MF/HF/ Voice Procedure

6.5. Radiotelex

6.6. Inmarsat

6.7. COSPAS/SARSAT

6.8. EPIRB

6.9. S Search and Rescue Transponder(Radar) & AIS – Search and Rescue TransmitterSearch and Rescue Transponder / Transmitter

6.10. Maritime safety Information

6.11. The use and functions of portable VHF radio

6.12. Portable VHF aeronautical radio for 121,5 and 123,1 MHz

62.084,0

7. Other Systems used on board

7.1. Ultra High Frequency Handhelds

7.2. Automatic Identification System

2,0



Subject Area Hours

7.3. Ship Security Alert System

8. Search and Rescue operation

8.1. The role of the Maritime Rescue Co-ordination Centre

8.2. International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue (IAMSAR) Manual

The role and method of use of ship reporting systems

85.0,0

9. Role and Method of use of ship reporting Systems 9.1 AMVER 9.2 JASREP 9.3 MASTREP 9.4 LRIT

9.10. Miscellaneous skills and operational procedures for general communications

9.1.10.1. Use of English in written and oral form for safety communications

9.2. Details of a radio telegram

9.3.10.2. Procedure of traffic charging

3.011,0

9.0

Examination

A Theoretical Examination

B Practical Examination

5,0

Note: The total course duration, number of hours allotted to each topic and the timetable are for guidance only and may be adjusted taking into account the entry qualifications, prior knowledge in radiocommunications or seagoing experience, provided that the learning objectives contained in part C of this course are fully achieved. In addition, any adjustment should take into account the need to maintain an effective instructor to student ratio and adequate access to GMDSS equipment for practical training during course. Providing that the learning objectives contained in part C of this course are fully achieved, the course timetable may be adjusted to suit course entry requirements based on different standards of prior knowledge in radiocommunications or seagoing experience. In addition, any adjustment should take into account the need to maintain an effective instructor to student ratio and adequate access to GMDSS equipment for practical training during course. Some instructors consider the course programme to be quite complex and some administrations have decided that 132 hours is a minimum amount of hours, in spite of the student's background.



PART C: Detailed Teaching Syllabus The detailed teaching syllabus has been written in learning-objective format in which the objective describes what the trainee must do to demonstrate that knowledge has been transferred. All objectives are understood to be prefixed by the words, "The expected learning outcome is that the trainee….." In order to assist the instructor, references are shown against the KUPslearning objectives to indicated IMO references and publications, textbooks, additional technical material and teaching aids which the instructor may wish to use when preparing course material. The material listed in the course framework has been used to structure the detailed teaching syllabus; in particular,

– Teaching aids (indicated by A) – IMO and ITU references (indicated by R) – Textbooks (indicated by T)

Abbreviations used in the detailed teaching syllabus are:

– AP Appendix – A r t . Article – Ch. Chapter - KUP Knowledge, Understanding and Proficiency – RR Radio Regulation – Reg. Regulation – Res. Resolution – Sect. Section

Note Throughout the course, safe working practices are to be clearly defined and emphasized with reference to current national and international requirements and regulations. It is expected that the institution implementing the course will insert references to national and/or regional requirements and regulations as necessary.



Knowledge, Understanding and Proficiency (KUP)Learning Objectives Subject Areas and topics have been outlined in Part B. In Part C, the KUPsLearning Objectives associated with each topic are provided, along with teaching aids and references. The KUPsLearning Objectives are further described in sufficient detail in the Compendium for the development of a GOC Instructor's Manual as described in Part D. The Learning Objectives are presented in a verb-based manner to facilitate outcomes-driven learning and skills development. All Learning Objectives are understood to be prefixed by the phrase: "The expected learning outcome is that the trainee is able to . . . ." Instructor should bBear in mind that the overarching competencies to be developed throughout the course are the "transmit and receive of information using GMDSS subsystems and equipment fulfilling the functional requirements of GMDSS" and "provide radio services in emergencies" (STCW Code, A-IV/2). The GOC instructor should strive to present all of the Knowledge, Understanding and ProficiencyLearning Objectives in or as close to the contexts of real conditions as possible. Through practice and understanding of these Knowledge, Understanding and ProficiencyLearning Objectives as tasks to master and apply, the trainee achieves the desired competence and which the instructor may assess in the scored final evaluation.



Learning ObjectivesKnowledge, understanding and proficiency

hrs pract. hrs

theor. IMO / ITU Reference

Teaching Supports

1. Introduction 1,0

2. The statutory framework of the Maritime Mobile Service

2.1 International Convention of Safety of Life At Seea

2,5

2.1.1 Functional requirements R8 Ch.IV Reg.4

2.1.2 Sea Areas

2.1.2.1 Definitions of coverage and sea areas for Digital Selective Calling (DSC)

R8 Ch.IV Reg.2

2.1.3 Carriage requirements R8 Ch.IV Reg.2

2.1.3.1 Details of equipment specifications Al1, A2, A43 and A4

R8 Ch.IV Reg.8-11

2.1.3.2 Details of carriage requirements

2.1.3.3 Means of ensuring availability of ship station Equipment

2.1.3.4 Primary and secondary means of alerting R8 Ch.IV Reg.4

2.1.3.5 Bridge alarm panel and its purpose

2.1.3.6 Requirements for radio safety certificates R8 Ch.I Reg.7, 9

2.1.4 Watchkeeping R9 Art.31 Sect. III

2.1.4.1 Watchkeeping procedures as defined in the Radio Regulations

2.1.4.2 Other watchkeeping procedures R8 Ch.IV Reg.12

2.1.5 Radio Operatorspersonal R8 Ch.IV Reg.16

2.1.6 Sources of power R8 Ch.IV Reg.13

2.1.6.1 Reserve power supplies, capacity and duration aAs defined in SOLAS Convention

R8 Ch.IV Reg.13

2.1.6.2 Reserve source of energy

2.1.6.3 Prohibitions on the connection of Non-GMDSS equipment

2.2 Radio Regulations 3,5

2.2.1 Authority of the master R9 Art.36

2.2.2 Secrecy of correspondence R9 Art.17

2.2.3 Ship station licences R9 Art.18

2.2.4 Inspection of stations R9 Art.39

2.2.5 Radio Operator's Certificates R9 Art.47

2.2.6 Frequencies

2.2.6.1 Interferences R9 Art.15, 16

2.2.6.2 The use of and restrictions for different Emissions according to frequencies in the Maritime Mobile Service (MMS)

2.2.6.3 The role of the various modes of communication R9 AP 1

2.2.6.4 The usage of bands of MF, HF, VHF, UHF Aand SHF frequencies in the MMS

2.2.6.5 The concept of HF frequency management

2.2.6.6 VHF telephony R9 AP 18

2.2.6.7 Frequency plans and channelling System HF telephony

R9 AP 17

2.2.6.8 MF telephony frequencies R9 Art.51, Art.5

2.2.6.9 HF NBDP frequencies R9 AP 17




hrs pract. hrs


Teaching Supports

2.2.6.710 Frequencies for distress, urgency and Safety communications

R9 Art.15

2.2.6.811 Frequencies for routine communication R9 AP 17, 18

2.2.7 Call categories R9 Art.53

2.2.7.1 Distress

2.2.7.2 Urgency

2.2.7.3 Safety

2.2.7.4 Routine

2.2.8 Watchkeeping and Radio Record-keeping (Log Book) R9 Art.31 A4

3. Identification of radio stations 2,0

3.1 Identification of ship stations

3.1.1 Ships name

3.1.2 Call sign R9 Art.19 Sect.III

3.1.3 Maritime Mobile Service Identity R9 Art.19 Sect.IV

3.1.4 Group calling number R10

3.2 Identification of coast stations R10, Sect. 2

3.3 Identification of Search and Rescue Stations R10, Annex

3.4 Identification of Vessel Traffic Service stations

3.5 Identification of Aids to Navigation R10, Sect.4

3.6 Identification of aircraft stations R10, Sect.3

3.7 Identification of associated craft with parent ship

R10, Sect.5

3.8 Identification of Ship Earth Stations and Coast Earth Stations

T3-1

4. Service publications 1,0 2,0 R9 Art.20

4.1 List of Coast Stations and Special Service Stations

T2

4.2 List of Ship Stations and Maritime Mobile Service Identity Assignments

4.3 Manual for use by the Matitime Mobile and Maritime Mobile-Satellite Services

T1

4.4 Admiralty List of Radio Signals T3-6

5. Technical

5.1 Radio wave propagation 2,0

5.1.1 Basics

5.1.2 Line of sight propagation

5.1.3 Ground waves and sky waves

5.1.4 Ionosphere structure

5.1.5 UHF and VHF propagation

5.1.6 MF propagation




hrs pract. hrs


Teaching Supports

5.1.7 HF propagation

5.1.8 VLF propagation

5.1.9 LF propagation

5.2 Modulation basics 1,0

5.2.1 Frequency modulation R9 AP 1 Sect.II

5.2.2 Amplitude modulation R9 AP 1 Sect.II

5.2.3 Bandwidth of different types of modulation

5.2.4 Carrier and assigned frequencies

5.2.5 Official designations of emission R9 AP 27 Part C

5.2.6 Unofficial designations of emissions

5.3 Transmitter and receiver basics 1,0

5.3.1 Transmitter structure

5.3.2 Receiver structure

5.4 Batteries 1,0

5.4.1 Basics

5.4.2 Different kinds of batteries - UPS systems

5.4.3 Characteristics of different battery types

5.4.3.1 Primary batteries

5.4.3.2 Secondary batteries

5.4.4 Charging batteries, battery charging methods

5.4.5 Maintenance and monitoring of batteries

5.5 Antennas 1,0

5.5.1 VHF antennas

5.5.2 MF/HF antennas

5.5.3 Satellite antennas

5.5.4 Antenna maintenance

5.6 DSC basics 1,0 R11, R12

5.7 Radiotelex basics 1.0

5.7.1 Automatic request for repeat R13 Annex 1

5.7.2 Forward Error Correction R13 Annex 1

5.8 Fault location and service on GMDSS marine electronic equipment

2,0 A3, A6

6. GMDSS Components A3, A6

6.1 General including safety precautions (preventive

measures for the safety of ship and personnel for hazards related to radio equipment including electrical and non-ionizing radiation hazards)

3.05,0

6.2 VHF DSC 6.0 2.0

6.2.1 Basics

6.2.2 The use and functions of the VHF radio station installation

R11

6.2.3 DSC possibilities R12




hrs pract. hrs


Teaching Supports

6.2.4 Operational VHF DSC procedures in the GMDSS 10,0 R9 Art. 30-33

6.2.4.1 Telecommand and traffic information

6.2.4.2 Channel selection in call format R11, R12

6.2.4.3 DSC acknowledgement

6.2.4.4 DSC relay process

6.2.4.5 Test transmissions

6.2.5 Alerting and announcement

6.2.5.1 Distress alert R9 Art.32

6.2.5.2 Distress alert relay R9 Art.32

6.2.5.3 Announcements for all ships (distress, urgency, safety)

R9 Art.33

6.2.5.4 Announcement to individual station (urgency, safety, routine)

R9 Art.33

6.2.5.5 Group announcement (urgency, safety, routine) R11

6.2.5.6 Polling and position request R11, R12

6.2.5.7 Automatic/Semi-automatic service with coast stations

R11, R12

6.2.5.8 Practical VHF tasks

6.3 MF/HF-DSC 6.0 2.05,0

6.3.1 Basics

6.3.2 The use and functions of the MF/HF radio station installation

6.3.3 DSC possibilities R12

6.3.4 Operational MF/HF DSC procedures in the GMDSS 10,0 R9 Art.30-33, R11

6.3.4.1 Telecommand and traffic information R12

6.3.4.2 Frequency selection in call format

6.3.4.3 Acknowledgement

6.3.4.4 Distress alert relay R9 Art.15, AP 17+18

6.3.4.5 Usage of frequencies

6.3.4.6 Test transmissions

6.3.5 Alerting and announcement

6.3.5.1 Distress alert R9 Art.32

6.3.5.2 Distress alert relay

6.3.5.3 Announcement to individual station (urgency, safety, routine)

6.3.5.4 Geographic area announcement (urgency, safety)

R9 Art.33, R11

6.3.5.5 Group announcement (distress, urgency, safety, routine)

R11, R12

6.3.5.6 Polling and position request R11, R12

6.3.5.7 Automatic service with coast stations R11, R12

6.3.5.8 Practical MF/HF tasks

6.4 VHF/MF/HF voice procedure 6,0 4,0

6.4.1 Distress procedure R9 Art.32

6.4.2 Urgency procedure

6.4.3 Safety procedure

6.4.4 Port operation and ship movement communication

6.4.5 Routine communication R11




hrs pract. hrs


Teaching Supports

6.4.5.1 Calling a subscriber (ship to shore) R11

6.4.5.2 Phone call from ashore (shore to ship)

6.4.5.3 Transmission of a telegram R14

6.4.6 Intership communication

6.4.7 On board communication 6.4.8 Practical VHF Voice tasks

R11

6.5 Radiotelex 61.0,0 1.03,0

6.5.1 Basics

6.5.2 Numbering

6.5.3 Automatic and manual calling R13

6.5.4 Radiotelex equipment

6.5.5 Details of a telex message R14

6.5.6 Operational MF/HF radiotelex procedures in the GMDSS

R9 Art.32+33

6.5.6.1 Distress procedure R13

6.5.6.2 Urgency procedure

6.5.6.3 Safety procedure

6.5.6.4 Routine procedure

6.5.6.5Communication

6.5.6.6 Practical MF/HF radiotelex tasks

6.6 Inmarsat 10.0 6.0

6.6.1 Basics 10,0 6,0

6.6.1.1 Inmarsat space segment

6.6.1.2 Inmarsat ground segment

6.6.1.3 Different Inmarsat systems and their functions

6.6.2 Inmarsat-B system (till inoperational) T3-1, A3

6.6.2.1 Use of the Inmarsat-B system

6.6.2.2 Components of an Inmarsat-B ship earth station

6.6.2.3 Handling of an Inmarsat-B SES

6.6.2.4 Acquiring a satellite connection

6.6.2.5 Use of 2-digit code service via Inmarsat-B

6.6.2.6 Practical Inmarsat-B tasks

6.6.3 Inmarsat-C system T3-1, A3

6.6.3.1 The use of Inmarsat-C system

6.6.3.2 Selecting an Ocean Region

6.6.3.3 Logging-in to an Ocean Region/ NCS Common Signalling Channel

6.6.3.4 Use of 2-digit code service via Inmarsat-C

6.6.3.5 Routing via a CES

6.6.3.6 Navigational areas (Navarea) / Metrological areas (Metarea)

6.6.3.7 Log out before switching off

6.6.3.8 Routine operational tasks

6.6.3.9 Quick reference Inmarsat-C guide

6.6.3.10 Components of an Inmarsat-C/Mini-C SES

6.6.3.11 Practical Inmarsat-C tasks

6.6.4 Inmarsat-M systems T3-1, A3




hrs pract. hrs


Teaching Supports

6.6.4.1 The limitations regarding Inmarsat-M and the GMDSS

6.6.5 Inmarsat Fleet 77 T3-1, A3

6.6.5.1 Components of an Inmarsat Fleet ship earth station

6.6.5.2 Method of acquiring satellite both manually and automatically

6.6.5.3 Handling of an Inmarsat Fleet 77 SES

6.6.5.4 Use of 2-digit code service via Inmarsat Fleet

6.6.5.5 Practical Inmarsat Fleet 77 tasks

6.6.6 Inmarsat D and D+

6.6.7 Inmarsat Numbers (IMN)

6.6.8 Overview of SafetyNET and FleetNET services

6.6.9 Operational voice procedure via Inmarsat

6.6.9.1 Distress-, urgency- safety and routine communication

R9 Art.30-33, R11

6.6.9.2 Procedure for sending a distress alert-, call- and message via Inmarsat-B and Inmarsat Fleet 77

T3-1

6.6.9.3 Procedure for sending an urgency call- and message via Inmarsat-B and Inmarsat Fleet 77

T3-1

6.6.9.4 Procedure for sending a safety announcement, call and message via Inmarsat-B and Inmarsat Fleet 77

T3-1

6.6.9.5 Routine communication via Inmarsat-B and Fleet 77 T3-1

6.6.10 Operational Inmarsat telex procedure T3-1

6.6.10.1 Distress via Inmarsat-B telex T3-1

6.6.10.2 Distress via Inmarsat-C telex

6.6.10.3 Urgency / Safety Inmarsat-B telex T3-1

6.6.10.4 Urgency / Safety via Inmarsat-C telex

6.6.10.5 Routine communication T3-1

6.6.11 Inmarsat Email procedure T3-1

6.6.11.1 Procedure for sending an Email to shore

6.7 Cospas/Sarsat 1,.0 2,.0

6.7.1 Structure

6.7.1.1 Cospas/Sarsat space segment

6.7.1.2 Cospas/Sarsat ground segment

6.7.2 Possibilities

6.8 Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon (EPIRB)

0,.5 1,.0

6.8.1 The basic operation of the Cospas/Sarsat satellite System and signal routing/path

R9 Art.34, R15, R9 Res.205

T3-3, A5

6.8.2 Essential parts of Cospas / Sarsat EPIRBs

6.8.3 Basic characteristics of operation on 406 MHz EPIRB and 121.5 MHz EPIRB (homing)

6.8.4 The registration and coding of a 406 MHz EPIRB

6.8.5 The information contents of a distress alert

6.8.6 Operation

6.8.7 The float-free function

6.8.8 The correct use of the lanyard




hrs pract. hrs


Teaching Supports

6.8.9 Routine maintenance, testing requirements and test operation

6.8.10 Additional EPIRB features

6.8.11 Withdrawal of an unintended false distress transmission tests

6.8.12 Practical EPIRB tasks

6.9 Search and Rescue Transponder(Radar) & AIS – Search and Rescue / Transmitter

0,.5 1,.0 R9 Art.15 T3-3, A5

6.9.1 Different types of search and rescue transponders / transmitters and their operation

6.9.1.1 Search and rescue radar transponder R9 Art.15

6.9.1.2 AIS search and rescue transmitter R9 Res.360

6.9.2 Routine maintenance, testing requirements and test operation

6.9.3 Practical SART/AIS-SART tasks

6.10 Maritime Safety Information (MSI) 3,.0 37,.0

6.10.1 Basics

6.10.2 NAVTEX

6.10.2.1 NAVTEX frequencies R9 AP 15+17 A2

6.10.2.2 NAVTEX system A3

6.10.2.3 Responsibilities of a NAVTEX Co-ordinator

6.10.2.4 Messages

6.10.2.5 Operation of the NAVTEX receiver A3

6.10.2.6 Selection of transmitters, message type

6.10.2.7 Practical NAVTEX tasks

6.10.3 EGC T3-1, T3-4

6.10.3.1 Geographic area messages and Inmarsat system messages

T3-5

6.10.3.2 Classes of Inmarsat-C receiver types

6.10.3.3 EGC setup

6.10.4 MSI via VHF/MF/HF

6.11 The usage and functions of portable VHF radio

0,.5 1,.0 A6

6.12 Portable VHF Aeronautical Radio for 121,5 and 123,1 MHZ

0,.5 1,.0 A6

7. Other systems used on board 2,.0

7.1 Ultra High Frequency (UHF) handhelds A6

7.2 Automatic Identification System

7.3 Ship Security Alert System

8. Search and Rescue (SAR) operation

8.1 The role of the Maritime Rescue Co-ordination Centre (MRCC):

4,.0

8.1.1 Maritime rescue organisations




hrs pract. hrs


Teaching Supports

8.1.2 Knowledge of SAR systems worldwide

8.2 International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue (IAMSAR) Manual

1,.0 R2

8.3 The role and method of use of ship reporting systems

0,.5 2,.5

8.3.1 Automated Mutual-assistance Vessel Rescue System (AMVER)

8.3.2 Japanese Ship Reporting System (JASREP)

8.3.3 Australian Ship Reporting System (AUSREP)

8.3.4 Long Range Identification and Tracking of Ships (LRIT)

9. The role and method of use of ship reporting systems

9.1 Automated Mutual-assistance Vessel Rescue System (AMVER)

9.2 Japanese Ship Reporting System (JASREP) 5,.0 2,.0

9.3 Australian Ship Reporting System (MAUSTREP) R3

9.4 Long Range Identification and Tracking of Ships (LRIT)

R4

10. Miscellaneous skills and operational procedures for general communication

10.1Use of English in written and Oral form for safety communications 10.1.1 Use of the IMO Standard Marine Communication Phrases 10.1.2 Use of the International Code of Signals 10.9.1.3 Recognition of standard abbreviations and commonly used service codes

10.1.9.1.4 Use of the International Phonetic Alphabet R9 AP 14

9.2 Details of a radio telegram 1,0 1,0 R14

9.2.1 The preamble

9.2.2 Prefix

9.2.3 Different types of address

9.2.4 The different kind of addresses

9.2.5 The text

9.2.6 The signature

109..23 Procedure of traffic charging 1,.0 1,.0

10.2.19.3.1 The international charging and accounting system

R9 Art.58, R14

10.2.29.3.2 The AAIC code and its use

10.2.39.3.3 Coast station-, landline and ship station charge




hrs pract. hrs


Teaching Supports

10.2.49.3.4 Currencies used Coast station-, landline and ship station charge

T2-1

10.2.59.3.5 Inmarsat communication charging systems T3-1

Examination

A Theoretical examination 2,.0

B Practical examination 3,.0



PART D: Instructor's Manual

General This manual reflects the view of an independent consultants on methodology and organization of the work and is based on his their own experience as an instructor. The instructors should use this manual as guidance initially but should work out his their own ideas and methods, based on the experience gained and tailored to suit the various backgrounds of the students.

This manual contains guidance on the teaching methods that are considered to be the most appropriate to the subject matter. However, since circumstances vary, the instructors himself must decide upon the best methods to adopt in order for the students to attain the specified objectives.

Use the teaching aids, IMO references, etc. The compendium accompanying this course contains text covering some subjects, which are not adequately covered in the other course material. When using this compendium, the instructors should take into account the student's prior knowledge of these subjects. Note that the students are training to become operators of radio-communication equipment and not technicians or engineers.

The instructor may choose to use books if deemed suitable for this purpose. There are also many other books covering the GMDSS, or parts of the GMDSS available throughout the world. A number of videos and CD's are also available. The instructor has to make sure, that the additional books used for training contain the correct information.

It is important that the instructor makes use of official publications wherever possible, especially those which are required to be carried on board ships. This will serve to familiarize the students with this information. Nevertheless, national publications should also be taken into account.

Note that this compendium contains information of a general nature; when lecturing on technical subjects, the instructor should make use of the technical manuals covering the actual equipment provided for the course. Advantage should also be taken of the information that is provided in the Inmarsat publications listed under T3.

Lesson plans When choosing the most appropriate teaching method, it will be necessary to draw up some form of plan. The purpose of a lesson plan is to create the structure for the lessons, which can be adjusted according to the circumstances. Without such a plan there is a risk of the lesson becoming disorganized and ineffective. The process of producing a lesson plan is also very important as it focuses the instructor's attention on every detail of the course. The time allocated to each component of the lesson is important, particularly on short courses where there is little opportunity to compensate for lost time. It is essential that all elements of a lesson be given a reasonable proportion of the available time. Failure to do this would result in the neglect of certain subjects. Other forms of lesson planning may be equally suitable, but whatever the style, the important fact is that planning and preparation are essential to good teaching.



Use of personal computers (PCs) More and more use of software based GMDSS simulation will take place in the training of students, especially with regard to NBDP, DSC and lnmarsat B/-C GMDSS satellite systems and Fleet operations. It is very important to make sure that the students are familiar with this kind of equipment. Where PCs are used for simulating1 communication exercises in this course, their use should be made as simple and easy as possible. The PCs should be in a network with touchscreens and PTT to handle the different equipment as realistic as possible. The software shall simulate the equipment as realistically as possible in all situations Unless an enhanced course, which also includes general use of PCs, is being conducted, the instructor should avoid using precious time on purely PC-related matters.

False Distress Alert The generation and emission of false distress alerts must be avoided and every precaution possible must be taken in order to achieve this. This means that the students must understand the very serious consequences of generating and emitting false distress alerts and be instructed on how to avoid such incidents and on the action they should take if they inadvertently transmit such an alert. The different MRCCs around the globe are facing an increasing number of false alerts (however, during the last couple of years such incidents have been reduced). The consequences are a loss of faith in this communication system and in the GMDSS as a concept, especially within the Search and Rescue Community. It also leads to a serious waste of resources, both economical and human. In view of the fact that the students are to become professionals, i.e. the persons who will, as a part of their shipboard duties (ref. SOLAS Ch. IV, Regulation 12), be responsible for the operation of the communication equipment, therefore the instructor must impress upon them the importance of thinking before using this equipment, especially regarding DSC and lnmarsat-C. The instructor must also make sure that the students understand the possible danger of false distress alerts being initiated by other members of the crew, especially those who are able to gain access to equipment though lack of necessary authorization or familiarity with the equipment that is needed to prevent improper operation. Measures need to be ensured that whenever anybody on board, not in possession of a relevant certificate, may be allowed to use GMDSS equipment for commercial purposes, this person must be instructed properly and must also be supervised by a responsible operator. As a general rule, all GMDSS training must be supervised by the Instructor while giving training on real equipment, this to avoid unintentional alarms. Another problem area is the testing of equipment, especially the testing of EPIRBs SARTs and AIS-SARTs. This equipment should only be tested by qualified personnel, and preferably only in connection with the annual radio survey and in accordance with the prescribed testing procedures (ref. SOLAS Ch. IV, Reg. 15.9 and guidelines given in MSC.1/Circ.1040/Rev.1).

1 Refer to the guidelines in the STCW Code (section B-1/12, paragraph 6772) regarding the use of

simulators in training for seafarers.



Furthermore, a problem may arise during the installation and servicing of the GMDSS equipment. A responsible operator should supervise this work and should ensure that the technician knows about the risk of emission of false Distress alerts that exists unless caution is shown. Procedures to advice RCCs of the transmission of false Distress alerts have been established by IMO. It is necessary for the instructors to gain familiarization with the content of IMO Assembly Resolution A. 814 (19) – Guidelines for the Avoidance of False Distress Alerts and ITU-R Resolution 349 (REV.WRC-12) - Operational procedures for cancelling false distress alerts in the GMDSS.

Search and Rescue matters When instructing qualified deck officers or students undergoing training in the deck department, the instructor should take advantage of this fact and use whatever navigational training equipment is available. For instance, a radar simulator, an ARPA simulator and/or a full mission bridge simulator, or realistic GMDSS simulators (with touchscreens and PTTs) could be an extremely valuable tool for training in SAR communication. If such equipment is available, the instructor should co-operate with other relevant instructors in order to provide as realistic training as possible.

English language The STCW Code requires that any seafarer whose duties include communications shall have a sufficient knowledge of the English language. The Radio Regulations recommend the use of IMO Standard Marine Communication Phrases and, where language difficulties exist, the International Code of Signals should be available for exercises. A general knowledge of the English language is therefore to be expected from the students. The instructor will have to make sure that the students can actually use maritime English for communication purpose. This is extremely necessary regarding Distress, Urgency and Safety. With regard to the spoken language, the instructor should conduct the majority of the theoretical and practical training sessions using the English language and require the students to reply to any questions, and to put their own questions and comments, using the English language.

Independent Examination On all theoretical subjects, the examination should be conducted as a combination of written, practical as well as oral tests. The practical test in combination with the voice procedure can be performed on real equipment which is connected together (VHF, MF/HF) or on PC based simulation with touchscreen and PTT which simulates the equipment as well as the radio conditions and carry out all relevant and necessary general radio communications using radiotelephony, NBDP and DSC On all practical subjects, the examination should include a combination of oral tests and practical demonstrations (ref. STCW Code -Convention, Ch. IV, Section A-IV/2). A part of the written and oral tests should be conducted in English in order to ensure that the student, as a minimum, is able to:

read and understand written distress and safety messages received via NBDP and Inmarsat -B/-C GMDSS satellite systems; compose written distress and safety messages for transmission via (NBDP) and Inmarsat GMDSS satellite systems -B/-C;



conduct distress traffic and participate actively in SAR-communications via radiotelephony; read and understand the information given in all relevant service documents, including relevant parts of the technical documentation; and carry out all relevant and necessary general radio communications using radiotelephony, NBDP and DSC.

The practical tests should be carried out on real equipment or/and on the above mentioned pc based simulation. The student must be able to (see example of trainee's proficiency checklist on use of GMDSS):

handle all relevant maritime radio equipment (VHF-DSC, MF/HF-DSC, NBDP, Inmarsat GMDSS satellite systems C, Inmarsat B, Fleet 77, NAVTEX, EPIRB, SART, / AIS-SART, GPS etc.)

show all communication types (Voice, Telex, DSC etc.) in combination with the operation of the corresponding facilities

perform traffic in all kinds of priorities (distress, urgent, safety, routine)



Part E: Evaluation

Introduction The effectiveness of any evaluation depends on the accuracy of the description of what is to be measured. According to ITU Radio Regulations the candidates must show proof of technical and professional knowledge and qualification as are shown in Table 47-1 of ITU Radio Regulations. In addition, the Knowledge, understanding and proficiency in column 2, The learning objectives that are used in the detailed teaching syllabus, Column 3 - Methods for demonstrating competence in Column 3 - ,- and Column 4 - Criteria for evaluating competence in Column 4 - of - in Table A-IV/2 of the STCW Code, set out the methods and criteria for evaluation. Instructors should refer to these when designing the assessment. It is consistent with the intent of STCW Code that demonstration of skills and practical understanding is determined by direct observation, while knowledge and theoretical understand is determined through written examination in a variety of question styles.

STCW 2010 Code Convetion 78, as amended. The training and assessment of seafarers required under the Convention are administered, supervised and monitored in accordance with the provisions of Regulation I/6 of the STCW Convention 78, as amended. Assessment is also covered in detail in IMO Model Courses [3.12 & 6.1009A].

Assessment Planning Assessment planning should be specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and timebound (SMART). Some methods of assessment that could be used depending upon the course/qualification are as follows and all should be adapted to suit individual needs:

observation (In oral examination, simulation exercises, practical demonstration);

questions (written or oral);

tests;

simulation (also refer to section A-I/12 of the STCW Ccode 2010);

Validity The evaluation methods must be based on clearly defined objectives, and must truly represent what is meant to be assessed; e.g. against only the relevant criteria and the syllabus or course guide. There must be a reasonable balance between the subject topics involved and also, in the testing of trainees' KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY of the concepts.

Reliability Assessment should also be reliable (if the assessment was done again with a similar group/learner, would similar results be achieved). Different group of learners may have the same subject at different times. If other assessors are also assessing the same course/qualification, there is need to ensure all are making the same decisions. To be reliable an evaluation procedure should produce reasonably consistent results, no matter which set of papers or version of the test is used. If instructors are assessing their own



trainees, they need to know what they are to assess and then decide how to do this. The "what" will come from the standards/learning outcomes of the course/qualification they are delivering and the "how" may already be decided for them if it is in assignments, tests or examinations. The instructors need to consider the best way to assess the skills, knowledge and attitudes of their learners, whether this will be formative and/or summative and the validity and reliability of the assessment. All work assessed should be valid, authentic, current, sufficient and reliable; this is often known as VACSR – "valid assessments create standard results":

valid – the work is relevant to the standards/criteria being assessed;

authentic – the work has been produced solely by the learner;

current – the work is still relevant at the time of assessment;

sufficient – the work covers all the standards/criteria;

reliable – the work is consistent across all learners, over time and at the required level.

It is important to note that no single method can satisfactorily measure knowledge and skill over the entire spectrum of matters to be tested for the assessment of competence. Care should therefore be taken to select the method most appropriate to the particular aspect of competence to be tested, bearing in mind the need to frame questions which relate as realistically as possible to the requirements of the officer's tasks at sea.

Compiling assessments Whilst each examining authority establishes its own rules, the length of time which can be devoted to assessing the competence of candidates for certificates of competency is limited by practical, economic and social restraints. Therefore a prime objective of those responsible for the organization and administration of the assessment system is to find the most efficient, effective and economical method of assessing the competency of candidates. An examination system should effectively test the breadth of a candidate's KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY of the subject areas pertinent to the tasks he is expected to undertake. It is not possible to examine candidates fully in all areas, so in effect the assessment samples a candidate's KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY by covering as wide a scope as is possible within the time constraints and testing his depth of KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND PROFICIENCY in selected areas. The assessment as a whole should assess each candidate's comprehension of principles, concepts and methodology; ability to apply principles, concepts and methodology; ability to organize facts, ideas and arguments and abilities and skills in carrying out the tasks to perform in the duties he or she is to be certificated to undertake. All evaluation and testing techniques have their advantages and disadvantages. An examining authority should carefully analyse precisely what it should be testing and can test. A careful selection of test and evaluation methods should then be made to ensure that the best of the variety of techniques available today is used. Each assessment shall be that best suited to the learning outcome or ability to be assessed.

Quality of test items No matter which type of test is used, it is essential that all questions or test items used should be as brief as possible, since the time taken to read the questions themselves lengthens the examination. Questions must also be clear and complete. To ensure this, it is



necessary that they be reviewed by a person other than the originator. No extraneous information should be incorporated into questions.

Examination guideline The efficient operation of GMDSS depends on the proficiency of the maritime radio operators. The examination should consist of a theoretical and practical part.

A: Theoretical Examination The theoretical examination should consist of multiple choice questionnaires or and a questionnaire in which the applicants can answer the questions without any choices given with his own words. Every training post should have a pool of approximately 250 to 300 questions spread over the complete field of the section A1 to A6. Each questionnaire should consist of approximately 100 questions. A1: Basic knowledge of the GMDSS

Different components of the GMDSS

Construction of the GMDSS

Sea areas

Carriage requirements

Knowledge of the regulations and agreements in the maritime mobile service (Radio Regulations, SOLAS, STCW Code Table A-IV/2, etc.) including mitigation of false distress alerts, and procedures to be followed after transmitting a false distress alert

Regulations concerning documentation

Preservation of the secrecy of correspondence A2: Types of communication in the maritime mobile service

Distress, urgency and safety communication

Public correspondence

Port operation service

Ship movement service

Intership communication

On board communication A3: Types of station in the maritime mobile service

Ship stations

Ship Earth stations

Coast stations

Coast Earth stations

Pilot stations, port stations etc.

Aircraft stations

Rescue Coordination Centre (RCC) A4: Elementary knowledge of radio frequencies and frequency bands

Frequency and wavelength

The units of frequencies: Hz, kHz, MHz, GHz.

The subdivision of the most significant part of the radio

Spectrum: MF, HF, VHF, UHF, SHF

Different propagation mechanisms and typical ranges



Propagation on MF frequencies

Propagation on different HF frequency bands

Propagation on VHF and UHF frequencies A5: Frequencies allocated to the maritime mobile service

The usage of LF, MF, HF, VHF, UHF and SHF frequencies in the maritime mobile service

Modes of communication (Radiotelephony, NBDP, Fax, Email, Data, DSC)

Classes of emission

Bandwidth of different emissions, carrier frequency and assigned frequency

Official designations of emission

Unofficial designations of emissions (e. g. TLX, SSB, AM, FM)

The concept of radio channel: simplex, semi-duplex and duplex; paired and unpaired channels and frequencies.

Channelling systems in the VHF, MF and HF maritime mobile bands, including allocations for the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS).

Distress and safety frequencies

Intership communications frequencies

Port operations frequencies

Ship movement frequencies

Calling frequencies A6: Maintaining the functionality of a ship station

Sources of energy of ship stations

Batteries

Different kinds of batteries and their characteristics

Charging

Maintenance of batteries

Antenna maintenance

Functional tests

Preventive measures for the safety of the ship and personnel in connection with hazards related to radio equipment, including electrical and non-ionizing radiation hazards

In an Abandon ship situation

In case of fire on board ship

In case of partial or full breakdown of radio installation

B Practical Examination In the practical examination several applicants can proveof their knowledge at the same time depending on the technical equipment. For each applicant a protocol as shown in Annex I should be used. To conduct GMDSS distress-, urgency-, safety- and routine radio traffic in English language by means of case examples on real radio devices on dummy loads communicating with each other or on approved networked GMDSS simulation equipment which meets all applicable performance standards set out in Regulation I/12 of the STCW-Convention, should be used. B1: Detailed practical knowledge and ability to use radio equipment (see Annex 1)



B2: Detailed practical knowledge of distress, urgency, safety and routine communication procedures in radiotelephony, radiotelex and via satellite systems

Distress communication o Alert, call and message (including DSC, EPIRB, and SART, and / AIS-

SART) o Distress traffic with ship stations, coast stations and aircraft stations o Cessation of distress traffic o Withdrawing of a false distress alert

Urgent communication o Announcement, call and message o Urgency traffic with ship stations, coast stations and aircraft stations o Cessation urgency traffic

Safety communication o Announcement, call and message o Safety traffic with ship stations, coast stations and aircraft stations o Cessation safety traffic

Routine communication o Ship station to Ship station o Ship to Coast station or and subscriber o Ship earth station to ship earth station o Ship earth station to coast earth station or land subscriber

B3: Ability of using Handbooks and ITU Lists

List of coast station and Special Service Stations

List of Ship Stations and Maritime Mobile Service Identity Assignments

Handbook for the use by the Maritime Mobile and Maritime Mobile Satellite Services (Maritime Manual)

Inmarsat Handbook

Admiralty List of Radio Signals (Vol I, Vol III, Vol V, Vol VI)



Information Requested of Instructors who implement IMO Model Courses Introduction 1 IMO model courses are periodically revised to take into account the changes which have

taken place in relevant Conventions, resolutions and other matters affecting each course. To help IMO to improve the content of courses when they are revised, the assistance of all instructors who implement or participate in implementing courses is requested, whether the implementation is part of an IMO technical co-operation project or part of a Maritime Training Academy's regular programme.

Information requested and its format 2 To simplify their consolidation by IMO, the technical comments and suggestions for the

improvement of model courses should follow the format that is outlined below. If no comments or suggestions are to be provided under topic, please insert "no comments" against the item.

3 Please identify:

1 the course number and title; 2 the date and location of its implementation; 3 the approximate number of IMO model courses you have implemented to date; and 4 the approximate number of times you have implemented this particular model course.

4 In commencing on Part A – Course Framework, please comment on the items (`Scope',

'Objectives', etc.) in the order in which they appear in the course; in all cases, please indicate:

1 the number of participants who met the entry standards and the number who did not; 2 the course intake and, if the recommendations in 'Course intake limitations' were

exceeded, the reasons for this and your observations on the effect of this on the quality of the course;

3 if conditions under 'Staff requirements' were met; if not, please indicate the nature of the deficiency and give your observations of the effect of this on the quality of presentation of the course; and

4 any lack of equipment or facilities as compared with the recommendations under 'Teaching facilities and equipment' and your observations of the effect on this lack on the quality of presentation of the course.

5 In commenting on Part B – course Outline, please bear in mind that minor variations in time allocations are inevitable. Major difficulties with allocations of time and any omissions or redundancies of subject areas should be briefly explained.

6 In commenting on Part C – Detailed Teaching Syllabus, please identify the specific learning objectives concerned by their paragraph numbers.

7 In commenting on Part D – Instructor's Manual, please clearly identify the section concerned. If the bibliography or the practical exercises are found to be unsatisfactory, please identify suitable alternative texts, as far as possible, or outline alternative exercises, as appropriate.

8 In commenting on the compendium, please clearly identify the paragraphs being commented upon.

9 Any further comments or suggestions you may have which fall outside the scope of the items listed above may be added at the end. In particular, your views on the usefulness of the course material to you in implementing the course would be appreciated, as would the contribution to IMO of any additional teaching material you found useful in implementing it.



Please address your comments to:

International Maritime Organization 4, Albert Embankment London SE1 7SR United Kingdom Tel +44 (0)20 7735 7611 Fax +44 (0)20 7587 3210 Email: [email protected]




Annex 1: Example of trainee's practical proficiency checklist

VHF

Transmit capabilities

DSC distress alert without nature of distress

DSC distress alert with nature of distress

DSC relay to all stations

DSC relay to an individual station (coast station or ship station)

DSC all stations urgency announcement with working channel

DSC ship to ship urgency announcement with working channel

DSC ship to coast station urgency announcement

DSC all stations safety announcement with working channel

DSC ship to ship safety announcement with working channel

DSC ship to coast station safety announcement

DSC ship to ship routine announcement with working channel

DSC group announcement (urgency, safety, routine) with working channel

DSC geographic area announcement (urgency, safety, routine) with working channel

DSC polling

DSC position request

DSC medical transport and neutral ships and aircraft

Other capabilities

Establish operational readiness (ch16, 25W, International channel selection)

Select DSC received messages out of memory (distress + non distress)

Select own MMSI numbers

Implement coast stations

Implement subscriber

Implement position and time (if no GPS is available)

Change DSC auto acknowledgement settings

Change channel

Change power settings

Switch between International channels an US channels

Switch on and off the dual watch function

Edit the address book

Carry out the implemented test routine

Operate the Volume and Squelch



MF/HF


DSC distress alert without nature of distress

DSC distress alert with nature of distress

DSC relay to all stations

DSC relay to geographic area

DSC relay to an individual station (coast station or ship station)

DSC all stations urgency announcement with working frequency

DSC ship to ship urgency announcement with working frequency

DSC ship to coast station urgency announcement

DSC all stations safety announcement with working frequency

DSC ship to ship safety announcement with working frequency

DSC ship to coast station safety announcement

DSC ship to ship routine announcement with working frequency

DSC group announcement (urgency, safety, routine) with work. frequency

DSC geographic area announcement (urgency, safety, routine) with working frequency

DSC polling

DSC position request

DSC medical transport and neutral ships and aircraft

Other capabilities

Establish operational readiness (TX/RX 2182kHz, full Power, SSB, DSC watch)

Select DSC received messages out of memory (distress + non distress)

Select own MMSI numbers

Implement coast stations

Implement subscriber

Implement position and time (if no GPS is available)

Implement new coast station frequencies

Change DSC auto acknowledgement settings

Change frequencies (TX and RX) for communication


Change kind of modulation

Operate the Volume and Squelch

Operate the Tuning

Operate the Clarifier

Operate the RF-Gain

Switch to Automatic Gain Control

Switch between International frequency and channels



Switch on and off the DSC watch function

Add new coast stations

Edit the paired channel list (Communication with coast stations)

Change routine DSC watch frequencies

Carry out the implemented test routine


INMARSAT-B (until it is made inoperational)


Sending distress alert, call and message by telephony

Sending urgency or safety calls using access codes by telephony

Sending a distress relay to a MRCC

Calling a land subscriber by telephony

Calling a ship by telephony

Test the distress facility

Sending distress alert, call and message by telex

Sending urgency or safety messages using access codes by telex

Transmitting a telex to a land subscriber

Transmitting a telex to a ship

Opening a conversation call to a ship or a land subscriber

Other capabilities telephony

Login and logout procedure

Changing the satellite

Change the Coast Earth Station (CES)

Change the position and time (if no GPS is available)

Change the azimuth and elevation

Edit the default settings (Ringtone, Background light, Language etc.)


Read the call log

Commissioning

Establish operational readiness (TX/RX on, Successful login)

Other capabilities telex

Edit the configuration


Compose a correct telex to a ship or a land subscriber

Save the telex in a correct folder



Open a message out of the correct folder

Read the receive logs

Use the help function

Establish operational readiness

INMARSAT-C / SafetyNet


Sending distress alert without nature of distress

Sending distress alert with nature of distress

Sending distress message with nature and details of distress

Sending urgency or safety messages using access codes by telex

Transmitting a telex/email etc. to a land subscriber

Transmitting a telex to a ship


Change the satellite

Other capabilities

Edit the default settings (configuration, routing, etc.)

Implement different Metareas/Coastal warning areas

Perform a link test

Configure and carry out a data reporting


Compose a correct telex/fax/email to a ship or a land subscriber

Save the telex in a correct folder


Read the logs (Transmit, Receive, EGC)


Establish operational readiness (Transceiver on, Printer on, Screen on)

INMARSAT Fleet77


Sending distress alert-, call- and message by telephony

Sending urgency or safety calls using access codes by telephony

Sending a distress relay to a MRCC

Calling a land subscriber by telephony

Calling a ship by telephony

Transmit an email to a land subscriber



Other capabilities telephony


Changing the satellite

Change the Coast Earth Station (CES)

Change the position and time (if no GPS is available)

Edit the default settings (Ringtone, Background light, Language etc.)


Read the call log

Commissioning

Establish operational readiness (TX/RX on, Successful login)

Other capabilities Email

Edit the configuration


Compose a correct email to a ship or a land subscriber

Save the email in a correct folder


Read the receive logs


NAVTEX

Select receive station

Select receive message

Select receive frequency

Read message from receive memory

Changing the default settings (display, print etc.)

EPIRB

Putting the EPIRB out of bracket

Testing the EPIRB

Switch the EPIRB to alarm mode

Switch off the EPIRB

SART / AIS-SART

Putting the SART / AIS-SART out of bracket

Testing the SART / AIS-SART

Switch on the SART / AIS-SART to transmit mode



Switch off the SART / AIS-SART

VHF PORTABLE

Change channel


Switch between International channels and US channels


Operate Volume and Squelch control

Change Battery

UHF PORTABLE

Change channel




Change Battery

VHF AERO

Change channel



Change Battery



Annex 2: Practical Examination Protocol GOC

I Compulsory Tasks - Terrestrial Maritime Mobile Service - MF/HF-DSC

Conducting GMDSS distress-, urgency- und safety radio traffic in English language by means of case examples on two MF/HF-DSC radio devices communicating with each other or with approved networked radio simulation equipment.

Examinee 1 Examinee 2

Editing DSC distress alert and transmitting distress message in radio telephony

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Reading out memory and acknowledging receipt of distress message

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Imposing silence 1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Editing DSC distress alert relay and transmit it to a coast station

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Conducting distress traffic

1.Attempt 2.Attempt


1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Cease distress traffic 1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Cancelling of a false distress alert (DSC and radio telephony)

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

DSC urgency announcement and transmitting an urgency message

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Record of an urgency message and initiation of further measures

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Record of a safety message and initiation of further measures

1.Attempt 2.Attempt1

DSC safety announcement and transmitting a safety message

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Relay of a received distress alert to a coast station by Radio-telex (ARQ)

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Editing DSC distress alert and initiation of distress traffic by means of radio telex (FEC)

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

II Compulsory Tasks – Maritime Mobile Satellite Service - Inmarsat B

Conducting GMDSS distress-, urgency- safety and routine traffic in English language by means of case examples on an approved networked radio simulation equipment or functional dummy loaded Inmarsat B device.


Release a distress alert and transmit the distress message by telephony

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Release a distress alert and transmit the distress message by telex

1.Attempt 2.Attempt


1.Attempt 2.Attempt


1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Request medical advice by means of access codes via telex

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Request medical advice by means of access codes via telephony

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Transmitting of a safety message to a land subscriber by telex

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Transmitting of a safety message to a ship earth station by telex

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Installation of a routine connection to a ship earth stations by telex

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Installation of a routine connection to a land subscriber by telex

1.Attempt 2.Attempt



III Compulsory Tasks – Maritime Mobile Satellite Service - Inmarsat C

Conducting GMDSS distress-, urgency- safety and routine traffic in English language by means of case examples on an approved networked radio simulation equipment or functional dummy loaded Inmarsat C device.


Set type of EGC message

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Set type of EGC receiving area

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Initiate a distress alert including kind of distress

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Initiate a distress alert including kind of distress

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Transmitting a safety message to a Navtex Coordinator

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Request medical advice by means of access code

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Transmitting a routine telex to a SES

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Transmitting a routine telex to a land subscriber

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Reading out receiving-, transmitting-and EGC memory,

Reading out receiving-, transmitting-and EGC memory,

Close down operation state

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Close down operation state

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

The examinee shall pass all compulsory tasks successfully latest in the second attempt.



IV Additional Tasks Remarks of the Examiner

VHF DSC

Calling a VTS station 1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Set up dual watch function

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Decrease or increase power level

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Using the squelch and explaining its function

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Navtex, EPIRB, SART, AIS-SART

Set up Navtex: kind of message and coast station

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Testing and releasing of an EPIRB

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Testing and releasing of a SART and /an AIS-SART

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

MF/HF and Radio-telex

Tuning the routine DSC scan frequencies

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

MF/HF: Install a ship to ship connection(DSC/Telephony)

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

MF/HF: Install a ship to ship connection(DSC/Telex))

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

MF/HF: Transmitting a message to all stations (DSC/Radio-telex FEC)

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Radio-telex: Edit and save a telex message

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Radio-telex: Edit address book (ship station, land subscriber)

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Radio-telex: Tune scan frequencies

1.Attempt 2.Attempt



IV Additional Tasks Remarks of the Examiner Inmarsat-B (Until inoperational)

Inmarsat B: Edit and save a telex message

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Inmarsat B: Changing Satellite and coast earth station

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Inmarsat B: Edit address book (ship station, land subscriber)

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Inmarsat B: Reading out receiving-,and transmitting memory

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Inmarsat-C

Inmarsat C: Transmitting a test message to the own SES

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Inmarsat C: Edit and save a telex message

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Inmarsat C: Changing Satellite and coast earth station

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Inmarsat C: Edit address book (ship station, land subscriber)

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

Inmarsat C: Transmitting a distress priority message

1.Attempt 2.Attempt

At least two of three additional tasks shall be successfully passed latest within the second attempt.

___________

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