PowerPoint PresentationE2-E3
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WELCOME
Module for the Topic: Automation & Remote
Monitoring/Controlling of EMS – An Overview .
• Eligibility: Those who have got the Up gradation to from
E2 to E3.
• This presentation is last updated on 15-3-2011.
• You can also visit the Digital library of BSNL to see this
topic.
AGENDA
from Remote Location?
from a Remote Location
operators.
Microcontroller or PLC (Programmable Logical
Controller).
Automation
• Automation examples:
• Automated Telephone Switchboards
Microcontroller
CPU combined with support functions.
• In addition to all arithmetic and logic elements (ALU) of
a general purpose microprocessor, the microcontroller
usually also integrates additional elements such as
read-only and read-write memory, and input/output
interfaces.
Microcontroller/PLC based automation (An Illustration)
For internal circulation of BSNL only
• PLC Consists of input module, CPU & Output
module.
that can be used by CPU.
• CPU makes decisions and execute control
instructions based on program instruction in memory.
Programmable Logic Controller(PLC)
Operator
Interface
Programming
Device
Output
Module
• Output module converts control instruction from CPU
into digital or analog signal that can be used to control
various field devices (actuators).
instructions. These instruction determine what the PLC
will do for a specific input.
• An operator interface device allow process
information to be displayed and new control
parameters to be entered (Configuration).
Programmable Logic Controller(PLC)
Programmable Logic Controller(PLC) based Automation – A very simple example
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• A microcontroller-based design would be appropriate
where hundreds or thousands of units will be
produced and so the development cost (design of
power supplies and input/output hardware) can be
spread over many sales
the control.
• PLCs are suitable for severe conditions (dust, moisture,
heat, cold, etc) and have the facility for extensive
input/output (I/O) arrangements. These connect the PLC to
sensors and actuators.
• PLC applications are typically highly customized systems
so the cost of a packaged PLC is low compared to the cost
of a specific custom-built micro-controller design.
• Automation with PLC is also suitable when the changes to
the system would be expected during its operational life.
Microcontroller Vs PLC
Major Components of Automation System:
• PLC/ Micro controller
Components of Automation(Contd..)
• PLC/ Micro controller
automation system, which does the arithmetic and
logical processing and takes decision accordingly.
It also contains memory to retain the data & control
unit to control various functional units etc.
• It monitors inputs and make decision based on
instruction held in the program memory.
Components of Automation(Contd..)
Components of Automation(Contd..)
an electrical signal for use by the PLC.
• Sensors are connected to input of a PLC.
• Example : An electrical signal is sent from push
button to PLC indicating the condition of the push
button contacts.
Components of Automation(Contd..)
condition.
Advantage of PLC / Microcontroller
PLC program.
devices (less intensive).
to wire or rewire.
• Application can be documented.
Examples of PLC
application.
application; greater nos. of I/O points; power
supply & I/O separate modules.
I/Os to an Automation system
Inputs/outputs to an Automation system could be
• Digital
• Analog
switches etc.
0-10 V; Example -Level transmitter.
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PLC Scan Cycle
repetitive process referred to as a scan.
• (1) Read Input
(2) Execute program
Remote Monitoring & Controlling
controlling the process from the remote location.
• We Can have central data base in control room to log
the process details and to store the appropriate
commands (like changing parameters) for controlling the
process based on conditions received.
• Communication between local and remote unit can be
achieved by – cable modem or wireless.
• Various critical parameters can be altered and controlled
from a remote end.
Benefits of Remote Monitoring
scattered locations.
• More Efficient Monitoring at an overall less cost.
• Retain data at central server which can be helpful at times
of debugging an erroneous condition.
• On demand dispatch of Engineers.
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