& Early Development STUDENT’S LAST NAME · PDF filestudent’s last name...

10PS

MISTUDENT’S LAST NAME STUDENT’S FIRST NAME

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STATE STUDENTID NUMBER

ALI

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Alaska Department of Education& Early Development

Standards BasedAssessments

Spring 2008

BIRTHDATE

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Month Day Year

0000

11d1

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Grade 10Science Practice Test Book

TEACHER USE ONLY

Large PrintBrailleModifi ed – Altered Exam No Score GeneratedAbsentStudent RefusalParent RefusalSuspensionInvalid No Score Generated

S

S

S

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Fill in all that apply.

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SCIENCE—SAMPLE QUESTIONS

Directions:

Read Sample Questions A and B. For Sample A, fi ll in the circle that goes with the answer you choose. Be sure to fi ll in the circle completely and make your mark heavy and dark. If you want to change your answer, completely erase the mark you made before making a new mark. For Sample B, write your answer on the lines provided.

SAMPLE A

The picture below shows a humpback whale.

This animal is correctly classified into which group?

A birds

B reptiles

C mammals

D amphibians

SCIENCE

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SCIENCE

SAMPLE B

The table below shows data for five Alaska volcanoes.

Alaska Volcanoes

Volcano Approximate Height in Feet (2007)

Mt. Griggs 7,602

Mt. Denison 7,605

Mt. Shishaldin 9,373

Mt. Spurr 11,070

Mt. Wrangell 14,163

Give two correct conclusions based on these data.

1.

2.

STOP

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SCIENCE

1. Which human activity can have the greatest positive effect on global climate change by helping to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

A removing trees to build houses

B recycling plastics to manufacture materials

C limiting internal combustion engines that power automobiles

D using alternatives to chlorofl uorocarbons (CFCs) for refrigeration

2. An incandescent light bulb is shown below.

A typical incandescent light bulb has an energy efficiency of about ten percent. What is the meaning of this statement?

A Ten percent of the bulb’s light energy becomes heat energy.

B Ten percent of the energy used by the bulb becomes light energy.

C The bulb uses ten percent less electrical energy than other bulbs.

D The bulb will save ten percent on electrical energy costs per year.

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SCIENCE

3. Why do eukaryotic cells require mitochondria?

A to break down cell debris for recycling

B to control division for cell reproduction

C to release stored energy for cell activities

D to package materials inside cells for transport

4. Two people are trying to push a large box across a floor. Each person pushes with an equal amount of force.

The total amount of force they exert on the box is 500 newtons. Despite their efforts, the box will not move. What is the amount of force exerted by the box on each person?

A 0 newtons

B 250 newtons

C 500 newtons

D 1,500 newtons

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SCIENCE

5. Which statement best explains how iron can become a magnet?

A Electrons are easily removed.

B Electrons spin in a unique direction.

C Atoms are strongly bonded together.

D Atoms have smaller nuclei.

6. Which statement best describes two effects of cutting down trees in rainforests?

A Greenhouse gases decrease and less water is transpired.

B Greenhouse gases decrease and more water is transpired.

C Greenhouse gases increase and less water is transpired.

D Greenhouse gases increase and more water is transpired.

7. Which is a primary function that kidneys perform for the excretory system?

A They control sensory input using nerve cells.

B They conduct chemical digestion using hormones.

C They remove waste from blood using fi ltration structures.

D They exchange oxygen for carbon dioxide using capillaries.

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SCIENCE

8. In 1909, Ernest Rutherford conducted an experiment in which he shot a beam of positively-charged particles at a thin gold foil. Based on the model of the atom at that time, Rutherford hypothesized that these particles would pass straight through the gold foil and hit a target (diagram 1). Rutherford’s results are shown in diagram 2.

diagram 1

gold foil target

source ofpositively-charged

particles

diagram 2

targetgold foil

source ofpositively-charged

particles

Which evaluation of Rutherford’s hypothesis is most reasonable?

A It was supported because some of the particles went through the foil without changing direction.

B It was supported because some of the particles changed direction as they went through the foil.

C It was not supported because some of the particles went straight through the foil without changing direction.

D It was not supported because some of the particles changed direction as they went through the foil.

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SCIENCE

9. Which statement describes the relationship between a structure and function of the lungs?

A The surface area of the lungs allows for the exchange of oxygen with the blood.

B The surface area of the lungs allows for the warming of cold air before entering the blood.

C The softness of the lungs allows for the movement of nutrients from the lungs to the blood.

D The softness of the lungs allows for the absorption of carbon dioxide by the blood in the lungs.

10. A lake is surrounded by hills covered with trees and shrubs. Which statement correctly describes how a change to the plants in this area will affect this environment?

A Adding plants to the hillsides will increase sedimentation in the lake.

B Adding plants to the edge of the lake will increase erosion by the lake.

C Removing plants from the hillsides will increase erosion on the hills.

D Removing plants from the edge of the lake will increase sedimentation on the hills.

11. A diagram of the electromagnetic spectrum is shown below.

Electromagnetic Spectrum

gammarays

x-rays ultraviolet visiblelight

infraredwaves

microwaves radiowaves

Sunscreen is a lotion used to protect skin from exposure to the Sun. This sunscreen protects a person’s skin from wavelengths that are

A longer than radio waves but shorter than x-rays.

B longer than x-rays but shorter than infrared waves.

C longer than microwaves but shorter than infrared waves.

D longer than visible light waves but shorter than radio waves.

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SCIENCE

This question is worth 2 points.

12. Study the illustration below.

tapeballoon

YX Z

string

straw

A string is threaded through a straw that is attached to a long balloon. When the balloon is released, it accelerates along the length of the string from point X to point Y. At point Y, the balloon begins to decelerate until it stops at point Z. The experiment is repeated 3 times and the positions of points Y and Z are recorded.

A. Describe one set of action-reaction forces that are involved in accelerating the balloon from point X to point Y.

B. Describe one set of action-reaction forces that are involved in decelerating the balloon from point Y to point Z.

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SCIENCE

13. The graphs below show data related to trends in energy production.

20

10

0

Year

Ene

rgy

(thou

sand

BTU

s)

1950 1970 1990 2010

Key= petroleum= natural gas= coal

Comparision of User Group Energy Sources100

80

60

40

20

0

Perc

ent o

f Ene

rgy

Use

d

Key= transportation= industrial= residential and commercial= electric power production

petroleum naturalgas

coal

If these energy production trends continue, which user group will be most negatively impacted?

A transportation

B industrial

C residential and commercial

D electric power production

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SCIENCE

14. Which team would be most appropriate for determining whether life exists on Mars?

A two meteorologists and two astronomers

B two physicists and two mathematicians

C a pilot, a navigator, a technician, and an engineer

D a biologist, a chemist, an engineer, and a geologist

15. Alpha particle radiation will most likely result when

A two atoms are near one another.

B the nucleus becomes unstable.

C atoms become charged.

D electrons gain energy.

16. During the early 1900s, Fritz Haber and Carl Bosch developed an economical method for synthesizing ammonia. The result of their research was the development of inexpensive plant fertilizers. Which statement best describes a possible motive for their research?

A to provide a method for reducing acid levels in soils

B to provide a method for reducing nitrogen in the atmosphere

C to fi nd a better way of producing food for the increasing world population

D to fi nd a better way of producing cost-effective household cleaners

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SCIENCE

17. According to the periodic table, which statement correctly describes the change from a neutral atom of an element to its ion?

A A fl uorine atom forms a F –1 ion by losing one electron.

B A sodium atom forms a Na+1 ion by losing two electrons.

C A magnesium atom forms a Mg+2 ion by gaining two electrons.

D A phosphorus atom forms a P –3 ion by gaining three electrons.

18. A rock cycle diagram is shown below.

magma

metamorphicrock

sedimentaryrock

igneousrock

sediments

4

1 2

3

What happens to rocks at location 3 in the diagram?

A heating and pressing

B melting and cooling

C weathering and eroding

D compacting and cementing

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SCIENCE

19. Which statement best describes galaxies in relation to the Big Bang Theory?

A Galaxies in the universe move randomly with the potential of colliding in about 13.5 billion years.

B Galaxies in the universe collided about 13.5 billion years ago forming the present objects in the universe.

C Galaxies in the universe moved toward each other after an event that occurred about 13.5 billion years ago.

D Galaxies in the universe are moving away from each other as a result of an event that occurred about 13.5 billion years ago.

20. The table below shows three carbon cycle processes.

Three Carbon Cycle Processes

Process One Type of Chemical Reaction Occurring During the Process

animal respiration sugars + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy volcanic eruption carbon monoxide + oxygen → carbon dioxide + energyfossil fuel combustion hydrocarbons + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy

How do all three of the processes listed in the table affect another geochemical cycle?

A They affect the water cycle by adding water to the atmosphere.

B They affect the water cycle by removing water from the atmosphere.

C They affect the oxygen cycle by adding oxygen to the atmosphere.

D They affect the oxygen cycle by removing oxygen from the atmosphere.

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SCIENCE

21. Watson and Crick used pieces of wire, plastic spheres, chemical knowledge, and an x-ray image of a deoxyribonucleic DNA molecule to determine that DNA has a double helix structure. Which process of science were they most likely using?

A publishing results

B constructing a model

C developing procedures

D repeating an experiment

22. Where would a new star most likely form?

A in a nebula

B in a supernova

C in a black hole

D in an asteroid fi eld

23. Which feature would most likely be forming at converging continental tectonic plate boundaries?

A rift valley

B deep trench

C volcanic cone

D uplifted mountain

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SCIENCE

24. According to the periodic table, how many neutrons are in a potassium atom that has an atomic mass of 41?

A 19

B 20

C 22

D 39

25. Geologic activity on an island physically separates a population of animals into two populations. Many generations later, when the two populations are no longer separated, they do not interbreed. What was the result of natural selection during this period of separation?

A a decrease in variation

B a decrease in diversifi cation

C an increase in extinction

D an increase in speciation

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SCIENCE

26. A student conducted many trials to determine the effect that variables had on the cycle of a pendulum.

lengthof string

length of pull

pullwasher

Pendulum Experiment Data

TrialLength of

String (cm)

Length of Pull(cm)

Number of Washers*

Time of One Cycle

(sec)1 40 10 1 1.32 40 20 1 1.33 40 20 2 1.34 55 20 2 1.55 55 20 3 1.5

*Each washer has a mass of 10 grams.

A change in which variable changed the time of one cycle?

A length of string

B length of pull

C mass of washers

D number of washers

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SCIENCE


27. A group of scientists have been observing changes in glacier volume and in ocean water salinity. They believe there is a relationship between these two changes. These scientists think this relationship is also associated with human-caused global climate changes. The graphs below show some of the data scientists collected.

Observed Change in Total Glacier Volume

Los

s of

Gla

cier

Vol

ume

(km

3 )

0

6,0005,0004,0003,0002,0001,000

7,000

19701960 1980 1990 2000Year

Predicted Change in Ocean Water Salinity

Salin

ityTemperature

Explain how an increase in temperature might affect glacier size and ocean water salinity.

Describe one way that a human activity can contribute to global climate change.

Describe how warming ocean water in the Arctic may affect marine organisms.

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SCIENCE

28. In the late twentieth century as people became more concerned about protecting their environment, scientists researched better ways to

A recycle nonrenewable resources.

B increase pesticide runoff into rivers.

C eliminate the use of renewable resources.

D add chlorofl uorocarbons to the atmosphere.

29. Which structure completes the circulatory pathway?

heart artery ? vein heart

A aorta

B atrium

C ventricle

D capillary

30. Two parallel copper wires are each carrying the same electrical current. Which statement best explains how the current and the induced magnetic fields affect the wires?

A If the current is in the same direction, the forces from the magnetic fi elds cause the wires to move toward one another.

B If the current is in the same direction, the magnetic fi elds are cancelled out and produce no force on the wires.

C If the current is in opposite directions, the forces from the magnetic fi elds cause the wires to move toward one another.

D If the current is in opposite directions, the magnetic fi elds are cancelled out and produce no force on the wires.

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SCIENCE

31. Glacial moraines are primarily the result of which of these processes?

A transportation and deposition of rocks

B chemical weathering and erosion of rocks

C transportation and metamorphism of rocks

D metamorphism and physical weathering of rocks

32. When an atom of sodium and an atom of fluorine combine to form the salt, sodium fluoride, an ionic bond, is formed. Which statement correctly describes the behavior of the valence electron in the ionic bond?

A An electron from the fl uorine atom moves to the sodium atom forming two ions.

B An electron from the sodium atom moves to the fl uorine atom forming two ions.

C An electron from the fl uorine atom is shared with the sodium atom forming a sodium ion.

D An electron from the sodium atom is shared with the fl uorine atom forming a fl uoride ion.

33. A student observes that melting wax drips down the side of a candle, cools, and hardens. Which part of the rock cycle can be best modeled by the changes in the wax?

A erosion

B compaction

C reformation

D sedimentation

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SCIENCE

34. The illustration below shows the morphological change of two species.

morphological change

species 1 species 2

ancestorspecies

Which statement explains why species 1 and species 2 are different?

A An individual changed itself to suit the environment.

B Natural selection can cause gradual speciation changes.

C Interbreeding of species 2 results in no genetic mutations.

D Extinction of ancestor species occurs as a result of interbreeding.

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SCIENCE

35. A key component of scientific investigation is the review and critique of data by other scientists. This frequently leads to multiple explanations for the results and sometimes causes public discussion. Which of the following is a benefit to society that is most likely derived from this process?

A increased funding for science as people take sides

B increased job opportunities for laboratory scientists

C decreased acceptance of fi ndings based on poor investigations

D decreased emphasis on searching for answers to old questions

36. Which sequence shows the correct pathway through which waste travels in the excretory system?

renal vein kidney ureter urethra bladder

renal artery kidney ureter bladder urethra

A

B

kidney ureter renal artery bladder urethra

urethra kidney ureter renal artery bladder

C

D

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SCIENCE

37. A student pushes a hollow ball with a small amount of force causing it to roll quickly across the room. The student then pushes a solid ball with the same amount of force. Which statement demonstrates an understanding of force and its effects on an object?

A The force on both balls was the same; therefore each ball pushes back with the same amount of force.

B The force on both balls was the same; however each ball pushes back with a different amount of force.

C The solid ball pushes back with a greater force than the hollow ball, because the solid ball has a greater mass.

D The hollow ball pushes back with a greater force than the solid ball, because the solid ball moved faster and further.

38. Humans throughout the world compete with other organisms for water resources. Which technique is best used to manage water resources and allow all components of the environment to share them?

A draining wetlands

B restricting irrigation

C building a hydroelectric dam

D diverting rivers through canals

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SCIENCE


39. Organisms such as earthworms and humans have digestive systems made up of a “tube” with food entering through one opening and wastes leaving through another. Simple organisms, like earthworms, tend to have a simple digestive system. Humans, on the other hand, have more complex organs in their digestive system.

A. Develop a model of the human digestive system.

B. Identify one organ in the human digestive system and describe how its structure allows humans to function in environments that simple organisms, like an earthworm, cannot.

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SCIENCE

40. Which statement best describes stars in the universe?

A Stars are in galaxies that are moving randomly across the universe.

B Stars are in galaxies that are moving farther apart across the universe.

C Stars are in galaxies that are moving within the center of a large black hole.

D Stars are in galaxies that are moving closer together toward a large black hole.

41. Which tool is least helpful for predicting weather?

A wind sock

B rain gauge

C barometer

D thermometer

42. Which statement is best supported by the Big Bang Theory?

A Galaxies must all be traveling at the same velocities.

B Galaxies have all taken the same length of time to get to their current positions.

C Those galaxies closer to the starting point have been traveling for less time.

D Those galaxies farther from the starting point have been traveling for a longer time.

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SCIENCE

43. Which statement best describes the progress of science?

A It is much slower now that so much is known.

B It is always rational and uninfl uenced by emotion.

C It will eventually prevent most natural disasters.

D It is interrelated to other events happening in society.

44. Which statement explains the function of the diaphragm and its effect on the chest cavity during inhalation?

A The diaphragm relaxes to decrease volume and decrease pressure.

B The diaphragm contracts to increase volume and decrease pressure.

C The diaphragm relaxes to increase volume and increase pressure.

D The diaphragm contracts to decrease volume and increase pressure.

45. According to the periodic table, the neutral atom of what element has 4 protons, 5 neutrons, and 4 electrons?

A beryllium

B boron

C fl uorine

D aluminum

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SCIENCE

46. The position of galaxies in the universe was once hypothesized to be constant, but evidence gathered by Edwin Hubble indicated that many galaxies are actually racing away from Earth at high speeds. Which statement is best supported by this discovery?

A A hypothesis is the correct answer to a problem.

B Science is a body of knowledge that is subject to change based on data.

C A hypothesis becomes a law when there are data to support the hypothesis.

D Science is a body of knowledge based on the work of well-known scientists.

47. Which landform would most likely be created when two oceanic plates converge?

A a volcanic island arc

B a large watershed area

C a smooth continental shelf

D a chain of continental mountains

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SCIENCE

48. Examine the population curves for wolves and moose in the graph below.

Population Data

Wol

ves

50

40

30

20

10

0

Moo

se

2,500

2,000

1,500

1,000

500

019651955 1975 1985 1995 2005

Year

Key= wolves = moose

Which statement correctly describes the population relationship between the wolves and moose from 1968 to 1973?

A As the moose population increased the wolf population increased.

B As the moose population increased the wolf population decreased.

C As the wolf population decreased the moose population decreased.

D As the wolf population increased the moose population decreased.

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SCIENCE

49. Study the table below.

Growth of Bean Plants

Week Average Height of Plants (cm)

Growth Rate (cm/wk)

0 2.2 –

1 7.9 5.7

11.8 3.9

3 15.2 3.4

4 17.7 2.5

5 19.9 2.2

6 21.2 1.3

7 22.1 0.9

8 22.3 0.2

2

An experiment is performed and the growth rate of bean plants is calculated. The growth rate is determined by measuring plant height at the end of each week. Which statement correctly interprets the data?

A The growth rate is constant each week.

B The growth rate is increasing each week.

C The growth rate is decreasing at the same rate each week.

D The growth rate is decreasing at a different rate each week.

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50. The picture below shows a student pulling on a rope that is attached to a wall.

wall

012

10 8 6 4 2

14 16 18 20

020 2

46

8

101214

16

18

newtons

x100

Which statement correctly describes the amount of force applied by the wall as the student continues to apply a 250-newton force?

A The wall pulls with a force of 125 newtons against the student.

B The wall pulls with a force of 250 newtons against the student.

C The wall exerts twice as much force as the student.

D The wall exerts no force since it is stationary.

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51. Which of the following best describes the structure-function relationship of a ligament?

A rigid – connecting bone to bone

B fl exible – connecting bone to bone

C rigid – connecting muscle to bone

D fl exible – connecting muscle to bone

52. The illustration below shows rock layers within a mountain.

Mountain Rock Layers

Key

= basalt

= shale

= sandstone

= limestone

Which statement best explains the non-horizontal nature of the layers of rocks?

A Igneous rocks ran down a hill.

B Sediments were laid down on a slope.

C Forces of plate tectonics tilted the layers.

D Erosion within a rift valley formed the layers.

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53. Which statement accurately compares cooking food with microwaves to cooking food with infrared radiation?

A The higher energy of the microwaves fl ows through food better than the lower energy of infrared radiation.

B The shorter wavelength of microwaves fl ows through food better than the longer wavelengths of infrared radiation.

C Microwaves heat the surface of food, and infrared radiation cooks food by friction from vibrating water molecules.

D Microwaves cook food by friction from vibrating water molecules, and infrared radiation heats food from the surface.

54. Which sequence shows the pathway that food takes in the digestive system?

A stomach, esophagus, large intestine, small intestine

B esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine

C stomach, esophagus, small intestine, large intestine

D esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

55. A scientist is developing a computer model to predict changes in the average surface temperature of Earth over time. Which method would produce the most reliable model?

A using current climate data to predict the average surface temperature 10 years into the future

B using current climate data to predict the average surface temperature 100 years into the future

C using annual climate data from the past 10 years to predict the average surface temperature 100 years into the future

D using annual climate data from the past 100 years to predict the average surface temperature 10 years into the future

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SCIENCE


56. The following chart compares cerebellum mass and body mass for a variety of living things. The cerebellum, a part of the central nervous system, is responsible for coordination and control of voluntary movement.

AnimalCerebellum

Mass (grams)

Body Mass (grams)

cat 5.3 3,500dog 6.0 3,500sheep 21.5 25,000cow 35.7 300,000human 142.0 60,000

A. After studying the chart, student A came to the conclusion that the cat was the most coordinated animal listed. Write two statements using information from the data table that either supports or does not support the student’s conclusion.

2.

1.

B. The human central nervous system is composed of the brain and spinal cord. Describe two main functions the spinal cord performs.

2.

1.

STOP

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10PS08

DO NOTMARK

ON THISPAGE

3510PS08

DO NOTMARK

ON THISPAGE

3140-885-SBA/GR10/PS/STB/S09

Grade 10Science Practice Book

Form 10PS

Copyright © 2008 by Alaska Department of Education & Early Development. The materials contained in this publication may be duplicated by Alaska educators for local classroom use. This permission does not extend to the duplication of materials for commercial use.

Alaska Department of Education & Early Development

COMPREHENSIVE SYSTEM OF STUDENT ASSESSMENT

STANDARDS BASED ASSESSMENTS (SBA)

Science Practice Test Scoring Guide

Grade 10

2Science Practice Test Scoring Guide: Grade 10

Science Practice Test Scoring Guidewith Answer Keys, Scoring Guidelines, and Sample Papers

General IntroductionThe Alaska Department of Education and Early Development (EED), in cooperation with Data Recognition Corporation, designed and produced the Alaska Practice Test to support students in doing their best on the Alaska Comprehensive System of Student Assessment, Standards Based Assessments in science grades (4, 8, & 10). A scoring guide, with answer keys, scoring guidelines, sample student papers, and a test map, provides the teacher with information and tools to score each practice test.

ContentA Practice Test Scoring Guide for each grade level and subject area is posted on the EED Website (http://www.eed.state.ak.us/tls/assessment). To access this website, follow these instructions.

Directions to access the AK EED Website

1. Type or copy and paste the link to the Alaska EED Website into your browser.http://www.eed.state.ak.us/tls/assessment

2. Select Standards Based Assessments.3. Select Item Samplers / Practice Tests.4. Select the grade-level assessment (or other document) you wish to download. 5. At this point you may save the file to your computer or print the file directly from the website. Printing from the

website can be very time consuming. It is likely you will want to save the file(s) to your computer, then print.

This guide is divided into two sections. Section I includes the answer keys and scoring guidelines (with detailed item-specific scoring rubrics for scoring short and extended constructed-response questions) and sample student papers with annotations for each score point. Section II presents a grade-level test map that lists item sequence, corresponding Grade Level Expectation, and an answer key.

Purpose The items included for the science practice test were created for use in Alaska classrooms. These materials may be copied and used as part of a local instructional program.* Alaska educators may use the science practice tests, the Science Practice Test Administration Directions, and the Science Practice Test Scoring Guides to support daily instruction in the classroom and to prepare their students for the operational standards based assessments.

Important: The science practice tests were developed for usability purposes only, and in no way should the tests or scores students receive be considered a predictor of a student’s ability to perform on the operational Standards Based Assessments. The items provide samples of what students will see on the operational tests. Items are not necessarily the same in terms of measurement, rigor, or the length of time it takes a student to respond.

*The permission to copy and/or use these materials does not extend to commercial purposes.

3 Science Practice Test Scoring Guide: Grade 10

Item Format The science practice test includes two types of science items: multiple choice and constructed response. Practice test multiple-choice items have four answer options. The correct response to each multiple-choice item is worth one point.

For grade 10 science, two types of constructed-response items are presented in the science practice test: short constructed response (SCR) are 2-point items; extended constructed response (ECR) are 4-point items. Item-specific scoring guidelines and examples of responses for each score point are presented with each constructed-response item.

Scoring GuidelinesThese guidelines contain multiple-choice answer keys and general scoring rubrics for 2-point and 4-point constructed-response items. The general scoring rubric includes item-specific guidelines to assist the teacher with scoring constructed-response items.

Sample student papers are included for each short and extended constructed-response score point. An item-specific annotation follows each sample student response. The annotations are designed to provide the teacher with the explanation of why the score point was awarded.

Test MapsThe test map presents the sequence of the items, the Grade Level Expectation to which each item is aligned, and the answer key. This at-a-glance chart is designed to assist the teacher with scoring the practice test.


SECTION I: Grade 10 Science Practice Test Answer Keys, Scoring Guidelines, and Sample Student Papers

1. C 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. D 9. A10. C11. B




12. Study the illustration below.

tapeballoon

YX Z

string

straw

A string is threaded through a straw that is attached to a long balloon. When the balloon is released, it accelerates along the length of the string from point X to point Y. At point Y, the balloon begins to decelerate until it stops at point Z. The experiment is repeated 3 times and the positions of points Y and Z are recorded.

A. Describe one set of action-reaction forces that are involved in accelerating the balloon from point X to point Y.

B. Describe one set of action-reaction forces that are involved in decelerating the balloon from point Y to point Z.



12. Short Constructed Response

Score Rubric

2 2 of the 2 parts are correct

11 of the 2 parts is correctORSome correct and relevant work or explanation

0 Response is incorrect or irrelevant

1 point for describing one set of action-reaction forces involved in accelerating the balloon from point X to point Y.

1 point for describing one set of action-reaction forces involved in decelerating the balloon from point Y to point Z.

Correct Response:

The forces of the balloon pushing on the air in the balloon and the air inside the balloon pushing back on the inside surface of the balloon.

The force of friction from the string acting on the straw is equal and opposite the force of the straw acting on the string.



Item #12 Response Score: 2

Short Constructed Response:

Annotation for score point: 2

All parts are correct:1. Correct description of action-reaction forces causing acceleration is provided. 2. Correct description of action-reaction forces causing deceleration.






Some part is correct:1. An incorrect description of action-reaction forces resulting in acceleration is provided.2. Correct description of action-reaction forces causing deceleration is provided.






No parts are correct:1. The description of forces causing acceleration is not correct. 2. The description of forces causing deceleration is not correct.



13. A14. D15. B16. C17. D18. A19. D20. D21. B22. A23. D24. C25. D26. A




27. A group of scientists have been observing changes in glacier volume and in ocean water salinity. They believe there is a relationship between these two changes. These scientists think this relationship is also associated with human-caused global climate changes. The graphs below show some of the data the scientists collected.

Observed Change in Total Glacier Volume

Los

s of

Gla

cier

Vol

ume

(km

3 )

0

6,0005,0004,0003,0002,0001,000

7,000

19701960 1980 1990 2000Year

Predicted Change in Ocean Water Salinity

Salin

ity

Temperature






27. Extended Constructed Response

Score Rubric




11 part is correctORSome correct and relevant work or explanation


2 points for a correct explanation of how a temperature increase can affect glacier size and ocean water salinity.

1 point for a correct description of a human activity that may contribute to the global climate changes.

1 point for a correct description of how warming ocean waters may affect marine organisms.

Correct Response:

An increasing temperature will reduce the size of glaciers and salinity levels.

The burning of fossil fuels can cause some changes in global climate.

Some food sources may become limited because of the warm water. Some animals may need to migrate to other areas to fi nd food.




Extended Constructed Response:





All parts are correct:1. A correct explanation on how temperature increases can reduce the size of glaciers

and the salinity levels of the ocean is provided. 2. A correct description of a human activity that may contribute to a change in climate is

provided. 3. A correct description of how warmer ocean water may affect organisms is provided.









Some parts are correct:1. A correct explanation of how temperature increases can reduce the size of a glacier is

provided. However, the explanation does not mention salinity. 2. A correct description of a human activity that may contribute to a change in climate is

provided. 3. A correct description of how warmer ocean waters may affect organisms is provided.









Some parts are correct:1. A correct explanation of how a temperature increase can reduce the size of glaciers

and the amount of salinity in the ocean is provided.2. The description of a human activity that may contribute to a change in the climate is

not correct. 3. The description of how warmer ocean water may affect organisms is not correct.









Some parts are correct:1. A correct explanation of how a temperature increase will reduce the size of a glacier is

provided. However, there is no mention of salinity in the response.2. The description of a human activity that may contribute to change in global climate is

not correct. 3. The description of how warmer ocean water may affect organisms is not correct.









No parts are correct:1. The explanation on how a temperature increase may affect glaciers and salinity is not

correct. 2. The description of a human activity that may contribute to a global climate change is

not correct.3. The description of how warmer ocean water may affect organisms is not correct.



28. A29. D30. A31. A32. B33. C34. B35. C36. B37. A38. B




39. Organisms such as earthworms and humans have digestive systems made up of a “tube” with food entering through one opening and wastes leaving through another. Simple organisms, like earthworms, tend to have a simple digestive system. Humans, on the other hand, have more complex organs in their digestive system.





39. Short Constructed Response

Score Rubric


11 of the 2 parts is correctORSome correct and relevant work or explanation


1 point for a correct model of the human digestive system. 1 point for a correct description of how a human digestive system organ allows

humans to function in a variety of environments that simple organisms cannot.

Correct Response:

The model of the human digestive system must include major organs such as the stomach and the intestines.

The mouth allows humans to be able to break down a greater variety of foods.

The stomach can digest a variety of foods.

The small intestine absorbs a large percentage of the nutrients from the food that are eaten.

The large intestine absorbs water from the foods consumed allowing for less liquid requirements in humans.








All parts are correct:1. The student correctly models the human digestive system including the major organs. 2. The student correctly identifi es the function of an organ in the human digestive system

and explains how it allows humans to survive in a variety of environments.








Some part is correct:1. The student correctly models the human digestive system including the major organs.2. The student incorrectly describes how a human digestive system organ works and

does not state how the organ allows humans to survive in a variety of environments.








No part is correct:1. The student does not model the human digestive system; rather, they create a list.2. The student describes the function of a human digestive system organ, but does not

state how the organ allows humans to survive in a variety of environments.



40. B41. B42. B43. D44. B45. A46. B47. A48. A49. D50. B51. B52. C53. D54. D55. D




56. The following chart compares cerebellum mass and body mass for a variety of living things. The cerebellum, a part of the central nervous system, is responsible for coordination and control of voluntary movement.

AnimalCerebellum

Mass (grams)

Body Mass (grams)

cat 5.3 3,500dog 6.0 3,500sheep 21.5 25,000cow 35.7 300,000human 142.0 60,000


1.

2.


2.

1.



56. Extended Constructed Response

Score Rubric




11 part is correctORSome correct and relevant work or explanation


2 points for two correct statements using observations from the data table that either supports or does not support the student’s conclusion.

2 points for correctly describing two main functions of the spinal cord.

Correct Response:

Part A

Since the cerebellum controls coordination and the ratio of body mass to cerebellum mass is much greater for the cat than for the dog, this does not support the student’s conclusion that the cat is the most coordinated animal. The dog should be more coordinated than the cat.

The human should be more coordinated than the cat, because the cerebellum controls coordination and the ratio of cerebellum mass to body mass is greater in humans than in cats.

Part B

The spinal cord carries messages from the brain to the arms to control movement in the arms.

The spinal cord carries messages from the brain to the lungs to control both voluntary and involuntary breathing.






1.

2.


2.

1.


All parts are correct:1. Two correct statements using observations from the data table that either supports or

does not support the student’s conclusion. 2. Two main functions that the spinal cord performs are correctly described.






1.

2.


2.

1.


Some parts are correct:1. Two correct statements using observations from the data table that do not support the

student’s conclusion.2. One of two functions that the spinal cord performs is correctly described.






1.

2.


2.

1.


Some parts are correct:1. Two incorrect statements using observations from the data table that do not support

the student’s conclusion.2. Two correct functions that the spinal cord performs are described.






1.

2.


2.

1.


Some parts are correct:1. Two incorrect statements using observations from the data table that do not support

the student’s conclusion. 2. One of two functions that the spinal cord performs is correctly described.






1.

2.


2.

1.


No parts are correct:1. Two incorrect statements using observations from the data table that are irrelevant to

the student’s conclusion.2. Two incorrect functions that the spinal cord performs are described.


SECTION II: Grade 10 Science Test Map

SCIENCE

Sequence GLE Key

1 C.3.1 C2 B.2.1 B3 C.2.2 C4 B.4.1 B5 B.4.2 B6 D.3.1 C7 C.2.3 C8 G.3.1 D9 C.2.1 A10 D.2.1 C11 B.3.3 B12 A.1.1/B.4.1 Short Constructed Response13 F.1.1 A14 G.4.1 D15 B.3.2 B16 E.1.1 C17 B.1.1 D18 D.1.1 A19 D.4.4 D20 D.1.2 D21 G.2.1 B22 D.4.1 A23 D.2.2 D24 B.1.1 C25 C.1.2 D26 A.1.1 A27 A.1.1/D.3.1 Extended Constructed Response28 G.1.1 A29 C.2.4 D30 B.4.2 A31 D.2.1 A


SECTION II: Grade 10 Science Test Map

SCIENCE

Sequence GLE Key

32 B.3.1 B33 D.1.1 C34 C.1.2 B35 A.2.1 C36 C.2.4 B37 B.4.1 A38 F.1.1 B39 A.1.1/C.2.3 Short Constructed Response40 D.4.2 B41 A.1.1 B42 D.4.4 B43 E.1.1 D44 C.2.1 B45 B.1.1 A46 G.2.1 B47 D.2.2 A48 A.1.1 A49 A.1.1 D50 B.4.1 B51 C.2.1 B52 D.2.2 C53 B.3.3 D54 C.2.4 D55 A.1.1 D56 A.2.1/C.2.3 Extended Constructed Response

Science Practice Test Scoring GuideGrade 10

Copyright © 2008 by Alaska Department of Education & Early Development. The materials contained in this publication may be duplicated by Alaska educators for local classroom use. This permission does not extend to the duplication of materials for commercial use.

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