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EARLY MODERN PERIODImportant Terms
By Lening Gonzalez(who is a beast at making slideshows)
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.!
Humanism
The study of human accomplishments.
Moving away from emphasis on the afterlife.
Focused on human values, developed during the Renaissance.
Live for the here and now.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Johannes Gutenberg
Invented printing press!
Helped spread literacy & influenced movements such as the Protestant Reformation.
Peasants could now afford books due to the simplicity to make them.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Martin Luther
Protestant Reformation starter.
German monk who taught theology.
Created 95 Theses, hammered to church door in Wittenberg.
Thought the Catholic church was corrupt.
Placed by Catholic Church by Diet of Worms, protected by Frederich (prince).
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Henry VIII
Founder of Anglican Church.
Made his own religion so he could divorce his…’ladies’, in an attempt to develop a male heir.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Counter Reformation
Started by the church to fight the Protestant Reformation.
Council of Trent to help regain followers.
Crippled indulgences.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Jesuits
Founded by Ignatius Loyala.
Catholic missionary society.
Built missions in the New World.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Joint-Stock Companies
Many people invest, many people profit.
Method England used to Colonize the New World.
Created new poor middle class.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Bourgeoisie
New wealthy middle class due to the trade of the new world.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Mercantilism
New economic system based on a favorable balance of trade.
More gold/silver = good.
Precious metals are highly valued.
“A country’s power is dependent on wealth.”
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Capitalism
Free trade.
Demand for items controls capitalism, not what people tell you to make in a command economy.
Think U.S.A.
Opposite of Communism.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Goa
A Portuguese controlled port in India.
Factories were built to hoard spices.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Batavia
Dutch-developed port in Java.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Manila Galleons
Spanish trade ships from New World to Philippines.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Manila
The Spanish.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Bombay
British-controlled port in India.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Macao & Canton
Only two ports open in China.
Macao was closed down during the Qing, felt threatened by the Portuguese.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Nzinga Mbemba
A.K.A. Alfonso I (what?).
Converted much of the Kongo Kingdom to Christianity (Roman Catholicism).
Tried to abolish slave trade, but failed.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
William Wilberforce
Started to stop slavery in England with 2 slave acts.
1807- Abolished slave trade.
1833- abolished slavery in all of British Empire.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Bartolome de las Casas
Fough against poor treatment of Natives in the New World.
He was a priest trying to offer more rights.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Seven Years War
A.K.A. French & Indian War.
France & British fought over control of North American colonies.
Britain becomes dominant colonial power in India and the New World.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Salutary Neglect
When the British left the Americas alone because they were not worth taxing.
Basically, they let us do our own thing (which would come and bite them in the ass
later on…)
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Treaty of Tordesillas
Decised who would get what parts of the world to claim, between Spain and Portugal.
1st time’s a fail, due to discovery of a round earth.
Had to redraw the borders later on, and it took them a wile to figure it out.
Fail!
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Conquistadors
Spanish Explorers of the New World.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Fallout 3… you should play it!
Viceroys
Represented Spanish government in the New World.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Audencias
Spanish court system.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Sociedad de Castas
Social System in the New World.
Spanish Social Classes.
Peninsulares
Creoles
Mestizo
Mulattos
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Peninsulares
Full blood Spaniards.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Peninsulares
Creoles
Mestizo
Mulattos
Creoles
Full blood Spanish born in new world.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Peninsulares
Creoles
Mestizo
Mulattos
Mestizo
Half Spanish-Half Native.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Peninsulares
Creoles
Mestizo
Mulattos
Mulattos
Half-Spanish, Half-Slave
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Peninsulares
Creoles
Mestizo
Mulattos
Middle Passage
Slave journay from Africa to Americas.
Tightly packed boats.
Two types: Tight and Loose packers.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Plantations
Used slave labor to grow cash crops.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Haciendas
Spanish factories.
Forced labor.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Mita
Annual “community service”.
Required by Incas- practice continued by Spanish.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Encomiendas
Labor System of New Spain.
Land given to settlers -> settlers had to educate natives and convert them to Christianity.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Mateo Ricci
Jesuit Missionary who went to China.
Think of Robert de Nobili, except in China.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Ivan III
Kicked the Mongols out of Russia.
A.K.A. Ivan the Great.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Ivan the Terrible
A.K.A. Ivan IV.
Increased power of czar.
Expanded Russian territory a lot.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Ghazi
Ottoman Empire, Ghazi warriors spread Islamic faith.
A title given to Muslim warriors.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Janissaries
Christians gone Muslim, turned into soldiers.
Forced conversion of Christian children to Islamic soldiers (“Blood Tax”).
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Millet System
People grouped according to their faith.
Leader of milet owns laws/taxes and reports them to the sultan.
In a dispute, Islamic law takes over.
Occurred in the Ottoman Empire.
Islam
Religion
Religion
Religion
Religion
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Vizier
Rules when sultan doesn’t want to.
Think this guy.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Akbar the Great
Ruler of Mughal Empire.
Fostered religious tolerance.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Sikhism
From the Islam rule in India. Based on both Hinduism and Islam.
Founded by Guru Nanak Dev in 15th century.
Salvation through meditation to God.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Taj Mahal
Mausolem built by Shah Jahan in honor of his third wife.
Combines many different architectural styles.
A second one was to be built, but never was.
Perfectly symmetrical.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Zheng He
Chinese sailor.
7 voyages in early 15th century.
However, China shut him down because the ship costs too much.
Later explorations ended by Ming Dynasty due to increasing costs.
It takes a lot of money to make an epically giant ship!
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Oda Nobunaga
Open to Christian faith.
Patronized Christian missionaries to lessen the power of the Buddhists.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Toyotomi Hideyoshi
Failed to capture Korea (twice!).
Viewed Christians as a threat.
Killed/kicked out Christians.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.
Tokugawa IeyasuEstablished Tokugawa Shogunate.
Published the National Seclusion polichy, which banned other countries from setting foot into Japan.
Ruled from Edo (present-day Japan).
Developed 4 rigid social classes: warriors, farmers, artisans, merchants.
Created Deshimna Island- locale only for Dutch to trade.
Credit to Alex S., Kyle R., Ray P., Hejab K., and Eric Y.! I only get credit for putting in all the information. The above people are the ones that provided the info.