Earth Observation Data as Public Goods: INPE’s experience

Leila FonsecaNational Institute for Space ResearchBrazil

Earth observation satellites provide key information about

global land changeEO data benefits to everyone

Images are public goods!

Projects as examples of public goods ...

CBERS program Deforestation assessment in the Amazon

Forest (PRODES) Real Time Deforestation Detection

(DETER)

CBERS Program: China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite (http://www.cbers.inpe.br) Objectives

Build a family of remote sensing satellites to support the needs of users in earth resources applications

Improve the industrial capabilities of space technology in Brazil and China

CBERS-2B Sensor Configuration

m0.4 2.50.

71.10.

90.5 1.5 1.7 2.3

WFI 260 m (890 km)

CCD 20 m (120 km)

Built by China Built by Brazil

PAN 2.5 m (27 km)

CBERS 3 – 4 Sensor Configuration

m

0.4 2.30.7

1.10.9

0.5 1.5 1.7 2.1

WFI 73 m (860 km)

MSS 40 m (120 km)CCD 20 m (120 km)MUX 10 m (60 km)

PAN 5 m (60 km)

Built by China Built by Brazil

Policy for CBERS International Data

Images acquired by Brazilian station are free (catalogue)

(www.dgi.inpe.br/CDSR) Brasil and latin america countries

zero-cost fee for direct downlink in existing ground stations Africa will receive images by direct downlink soon

Ground station operators are encouraged to distribute CBERS data free of charge on the Web

CBERS data distributed in the internet

Number of full CCD scenes distributed (145 Mb/scene)

360,000

Number of institutions and companies

14,500

CBERS Image Distribution in Brazil (05/2004- 08/2007)

What do the private companies say

about free CBERS data?

Enables new business development

Facilitates trial uses for new clients

Planning new applications becomes easier

Creates jobs by reducing cost of data buys

Increases quality by adding data previously unavailable

Deforestation Assessment Programs

Dalton M. Valeriano

Deforestation assessment in the Amazon Forest (Supports policy-making)

Taxa de Desmatamento Anual na Amazônia Legal

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

88(a)

89 90 91 92 93(b)

94(b)

95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07(c)

Ano

Km

2/an

o

Consolidado Estimativa

year

Data available in the Internet since 2003:MethodsTablesMaps:

Landsat Scene

State mosaics

Region mosaic

Deforestation assessment in the Amazon Forest (http://www.obt.inpe.br/prodes/index.html)

Moderate Resolution based Real Time Deforestation Detection – DETER (http://www.obt.inpe.br/deter/)

TERRA

MODIS - Moderate-resolution

Imaging Spectroradiometer

Observation period: 3 diasSpatial Resolution: 250 m

CBERS - China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite

WFI – wide Field Imager

Observation period: 5 diasSpatial Resolution: 260 m

Alarm system: detect new deforestation areas

Supports law-enforcement

Cuiabá Receiving Station

Latest cloud-free MODISPrevious deforestation assessment

DETER: Data and Information Flow

Data processing in INPE

Partial results to IBAMA and integration in the internet

Analysis and distribution to enforcement agents by IBAMA

Modis data

(may 2004)

Modis data

(june 2004)

CBERS CCD data

(July 2004)

Check in the field ...

DETER Features and Products

New deforestations

Data obtained in the web can be used in any GIS

Query to Fire Detection Database

Altamira/PA

What can we achieve?

There is an enormous demand for remote sensing data in the world

Free on-line data access will significantly increase the number of users of earth observation data

Free data will lead to a much better understanding of the global Earth System

Will the Global Earth Observation System of Systems be based on free and open

data policies?