Ebook - Cisco - Voip Configuration Guide

Cisco IOS Voice, Video, and Fax Configuration GuideRelease 12.2

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Customer Order Number: DOC-7812100= Text Part Number: 78-12100-01

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C O N T E N T S

About Cisco IOS Software Documentation Documentation Objectives Audience33 33 33 33

33

Documentation Organization Documentation Modules Master Indexes36

Supporting Documents and Resources New and Changed Information Document Conventions Cisco Connection Online Documentation CD-ROM Obtaining Documentation World Wide Web40 40 37 39 39 40 37

36

Ordering Documentation Documentation Feedback Cisco.com41 40

Obtaining Technical Assistance Technical Assistance Center

41

41 41

Contacting TAC by Using the Cisco TAC Website Contacting TAC by Telephone Using Cisco IOS Software Getting Help44 45 47 43 43 42

Understanding Command Modes

Example: How to Find Command Options Using the no and default Forms of Commands Saving Configuration Changes Identifying Supported Platforms Using Feature Navigator49 49 48

Filtering Output from the show and more Commands49

48

Using Software Release Notes

Cisco IOS Voice, Video, and Fax Configuration Guide

iii

Contents

Voice, Video, and Fax Overview Configuration Guide Overview Dial Peers Voice PortsVC-1 VC-2 VC-3 VC-3

VC-1 VC-1

Voice Technologies Voice over IP Voice over ATM H.323 Gateways

Voice over Frame RelayVC-4 VC-5

VC-4

Media Gateway Control Protocol Session Initiation Protocol Interactive Voice Response VideoVC-7 VC-8 VC-9 VC-9 VC-5 VC-6

VC-5

Multimedia Conference Manager Fax Gateways Cisco Voice Telephony Traditional Telephony The TelephoneVC-11 VC-11 VC-13

VC-7

Anatomy of a Call SwitchingVC-14

Voice Transmission Methods Switching Methods Digital Switching Packet Switching Bandwidth SignalingVC-17 VC-17 VC-18 VC-18

VC-15 VC-15 VC-16 VC-16

Time-Division Multiplexing

Analog Signaling Digital Signaling

Call Control Signaling SS7 (Digital PSTN) VoIPVC-20

VC-19 VC-19

Line or Circuit Signaling Loop-Start Signaling

VC-23 VC-23 VC-23

Ground-Start SignalingCisco IOS Voice, Video, and Fax Configuration Guide

iv

Contents

Channel-Associated Signaling Common Channel Signaling In-Band SignalingVC-24 VC-24 VC-24

VC-23 VC-24

Out-of-Band Signaling Supervisory Signaling Q.931 Signaling QSIG Signaling ISDNVC-26 VC-28 VC-28 VC-29 VC-29 VC-30 VC-30 VC-24 VC-25

Trunking

Tie-Line Trunks Analog Trunks Digital Trunks

T1/E1 Trunks T3/E3 Trunks Dial PlansVC-30

Cisco Dial-Plan Implementation for VoIP Network Features and ServicesVC-33 VC-33 VC-33

VC-31

CLASS Features and Services QSIG Features and Services Debit Card Feature Telephony ApplicationsVC-33 VC-34

Call Center Applications

VC-35 VC-38 VC-38

Cisco AAVID Multiservice Network Computer Telephony Integration Enterprise Telephony Cisco IP Telephony Common ET Designs Voice over IP Voice over ATM Fax Applications Quality of ServiceVC-41 VC-41 VC-39 VC-40 VC-40

Cisco Voice Technologies and Concepts Voice over Frame RelayVC-42

VC-41

Multimedia Conference Manager (MCM)VC-43 VC-43

VC-42


v

Contents

Configuring Voice over IP Voice over IP Overview VoIP BenefitsVC-48

VC-45 VC-45

VoIP Call Processing VoIP Prerequisite Tasks

VC-48 VC-49 VC-50

VoIP Network Design Considerations VoIP Quality of Service Tips Delay JitterVC-50 VC-51 VC-51

VC-50

Serialization

Bandwidth Consumption VoIP Configuration Task List VoIP Configuration ExamplesVC-51

VC-51

Configuring VoIP over Frame RelayVC-54

VC-53

VoIP over Frame Relay Configuration Example FXS-to-FXS Connection Using RSVPVC-55

VC-54 VC-55

VoIP for the Cisco 3600 Series Configuration Examples Linking PBX Users with E&M Trunk LinesVC-58

PSTN Gateway Access Using FXO Connection VoIP for the Cisco AS5300 Configuration Example Linking PBX Users to a T1 ISDN PRI Interface VoIP for the Cisco AS5800 Configuration Example Configuring the Cisco 3640 As a Gatekeeper Configuring the Cisco 2600 As a Gateway Configuring the Cisco AS5800 as a Gateway Basic Voice Configuration Configuring Voice PortsVC-71 VC-72 VC-73 VC-74

VC-60 VC-61

PSTN Gateway Access Using FXO Connection (PLAR Mode)VC-62 VC-62 VC-65 VC-65 VC-66 VC-66

Voice Port Configuration Overview Telephony Signaling Interfaces FXS and FXO Interfaces E&M InterfacesVC-75

Analog Voice Ports Configuration Task List

VC-76 VC-77

Prerequisites for Configuring Analog Voice Ports


vi

Contents

Preparing to Configure Analog Voice Ports Cisco 800 Series Routers Cisco 1750 Modular RouterVC-79 VC-79

VC-77 VC-79

Configuring Platform-Specific Analog Voice Hardware

Cisco 2600 Series and Cisco 3600 Series Routers Cisco MC3810 Multiservice ConcentratorVC-80

VC-80

Configuring Codec Complexity for Analog Voice Ports on the Cisco MC3810 with High-Performance Compression Modules VC-81 Configuring Basic Parameters on Analog FXO, FXS, or E&M Voice Ports Configuring Analog Telephone Connections on Cisco 803 and 804 Routers Verifying Analog Telephone Connections on Cisco 803 and 804 Routers Troubleshooting Tip for Cisco 803 and 804 Routers Configuring Digital Voice PortsVC-90 VC-91 VC-92 VC-90 VC-82 VC-86 VC-88

Prerequisites for Configuring Digital Voice Ports Platform-Specific Digital Voice HardwareVC-94

Preparing Information to Configure Digital Voice Ports Cisco 2600 Series and Cisco 3600 Series Routers Cisco MC3810 Multiservice Concentrator Cisco AS5300 Universal Access Server Cisco AS5800 Universal Access ServerVC-95 VC-96 VC-96 VC-97

VC-94

Cisco 7200 and Cisco 7500 Series Routers

Configuring Basic Parameters on Digital T1/E1 Voice Ports

VC-97 VC-98 VC-101 VC-112

Configuring Codec Complexity for Digital T1/E1 Voice Ports Configuring Controller Settings for Digital T1/E1 Voice Ports Fine-Tuning Analog and Digital Voice Ports Auto Cut-Through CommandVC-115 VC-115 VC-114

Configuring Basic Voice Port Parameters for Digital T1/E1 Voice Ports

Bit Modification Commands for Digital Voice Ports Calling Number Outbound Commands Disconnect Supervision Commands Timeouts Commands Timing CommandsVC-123 VC-125 VC-117 VC-118

FXO Supervisory Disconnect Tone Commands

VC-121

DTMF Timer Inter-Digit Command for Cisco AS5300 Access Servers Voice Quality Tuning CommandsVC-128

VC-126 VC-127

Voice Activity Detection Commands Related to Voice-Port Configuration Mode


vii

Contents

Delay in Voice Networks Jitter Adjustment Echo AdjustmentVC-128 VC-130

VC-128

Voice Level Adjustment

VC-132 VC-133

Verifying Analog and Digital Voice-Port Configurations show voice port summary Command Examples Cisco 3640 Router Analog Voice Port show voice port Command ExamplesVC-135

VC-134

Cisco MC3810 Multiservice Concentrator Digital Voice PortVC-135 VC-135 VC-136 VC-137

VC-135

Cisco 3600 Series Router Analog E&M Voice Port Cisco 3600 Series Router Analog FXS Voice Port Cisco 3600 Series Router Digital E&M Voice Port Cisco 7200 Series Router Digital E&M Voice Port show controller Command ExamplesVC-139 VC-139

Cisco AS5300 Universal Access Server T1 CAS Voice PortVC-138

VC-137

Cisco 3600 Series Router T1 Controller

Cisco MC3810 Multiservice Concentrator E1 Controller Cisco AS5800 Universal Access Server T1 Controller show voice dsp Command ExamplesVC-140 VC-141

VC-139 VC-139

show voice call summary Command Examples Cisco 3600 Series Router Digital Voice Port show call active voice Command Example show call history voice Command Example Troubleshooting ChartVC-144 VC-146 VC-146

Cisco MC3810 Multiservice Concentrator Analog Voice PortVC-141 VC-141 VC-142 VC-144

VC-141

Troubleshooting Analog and Digital Voice Port Configurations Voice Port Testing Commands Loopback Function Tests Tone Injection Tests Fax/Voice Mode Tests

Detector-Related Function TestsVC-148 VC-149

Relay-Related Function TestsVC-150

VC-150

Configuring Dial Plans, Dial Peers, and Digit Manipulation Dial Plan Overview Dial Peer OverviewVC-153 VC-154

VC-153


viii

Contents

Inbound and Outbound Dial Peers Destination Pattern Session Target Configuring Dial PeersVC-156

VC-155

Fixed- and Variable-Length Dial PlansVC-159

VC-158

Digit Stripping on Outbound POTS Dial PeersVC-160 VC-161

VC-160

Configuring Dial Peers for Call Legs Configuring POTS Dial Peers Configuring VoIP Dial PeersVC-164

Creating a Dial Peer Configuration Table

VC-163

Configuring Dial Plan Options for POTS Dial PeersVC-167 VC-168

VC-166

Configuring Codec Selection Order

Creating a Voice Class to Define Codec Selection Order Applying Codec Selection Order to a VoIP Dial Peer Configuring Dial Plan Options for VoIP Dial Peers Configuring VoFR Dial Peers Configuring VoATM Dial Peers Troubleshooting Tips Dial Peer OverviewVC-173 VC-173 VC-174 VC-175 VC-176 VC-171 VC-171 VC-169

VC-169

VC-169

Verifying POTS and VoIP Dial Peer ConfigurationsVC-172

VC-171

Two-Stage Dialing

Variable-Length Matching Matching Inbound Dial Peers

Inbound Dial Peers for IVR Applications Matching Outbound Dial PeersVC-176

Default Routes for Outbound Call Legs Configuring Dial Peer Matching Features Answer Address for VoIP DID for POTS Dial PeersVC-178 VC-178

VC-177 VC-177

Identifying Voice and Modem Calls Hunt Groups and Preferences Numbering Type Matching Class of Restrictions

VC-180

VC-180 VC-182

Configuring Dial-Peer Hunting OptionsVC-183

Configuring Numbering-Type MatchingVC-184

VC-184


ix

Contents

Configuring Classes of Restrictions Verifying Classes of Restrictions Configuring Digit Manipulation Digit Stripping and Prefixes Forward DigitsVC-190 VC-191 VC-187 VC-187

VC-186 VC-186

Number Expansion

Creating a Number Expansion Table Configuring Number Expansion Verifying Number Expansion Digit Translation Rules for VoIP Configuring Digit Translation Rules Creating Digit Translation RulesVC-193 VC-193

VC-192

VC-193

VC-195 VC-195 VC-196 VC-197 VC-197

Applying Translation Rules to Inbound POTS Calls Applying Translation Rules to Inbound VoIP Calls Applying Translation Rules to Outbound Call Legs Verifying Digit TranslationVC-198 VC-199

Configuring Quality of Service for Voice QoS for Voice Overview QoS for Voice Tools Edge FunctionsVC-199 VC-200 VC-201 VC-201

Bandwidth Limitations QueueingVC-202

Real-Time Transport Protocol Packet Classification IP Precedence Policy Routing RSVPVC-203 VC-203 VC-203 VC-203

VC-201

VoIP Call Admission Control IP RTP PriorityVC-205

VC-203

Traffic Policing for Voice Networks Traffic Shaping for Voice Networks High-Speed Transport Congestion Avoidance WRED TCPVC-207 VC-207 VC-207 VC-207

VC-205 VC-206


x

Contents

QoS for Voice Configuration Prerequisites QoS for Voice Configuration Task List

VC-208

VC-208 VC-209

Configuring Synchronization and the Reservation Timer Configuring Slow Connect for VoIP Globally Verifying the RSVP CAC Configuration QoS for Voice Configuration Examples RSVP Synchronization ExamplesVC-209

Configuring Slow Connect for a Specific Dial PeerVC-210

VC-210

Monitoring and Maintaining RSVP Call Admission ControlVC-211 VC-211 VC-212

VC-210

H.323 Slow Connect by Voice Service Example H.323 Slow Connect by Dial Peer Example

VC-212

H.323 Support and Other VoIP Call Control Signaling Configuring Media Gateway Control Protocol and Related Protocols MGCP Configuration Overview Supported Gateways Trunking Gateway MGCP Prerequisite Tasks MGCP Configuration Task List Residential GatewayVC-216 VC-217 VC-217 VC-218 VC-219 VC-219 VC-220 VC-222 VC-215

Configuring a TGW for MGCP Configuring a TGW for SGCP Configuring an RGWVC-223

Configuring the Cisco Voice Gateway 200 to Support Cisco CallManager Verifying the TGW or RGW Configuration Monitoring and Maintaining MGCP MGCP Configuration ExamplesVC-226 VC-226 VC-227 VC-229 VC-225 VC-225

VC-224

Blocking New Calls and Gracefully Terminating Existing CallsVC-225

Configuring the Cisco AS5300 As a TGW with MGCP Example Configuring the Cisco AS5300 As a TGW with SGCP Example Configuring the Cisco 3660 As a TGW with MGCP Example Configuring the Cisco uBR924 As an RGW Example Configuring the Cisco 2620 As an RGW ExampleVC-230 VC-231

Configuring the Cisco Voice Gateway 200 As an RGW Example

VC-232


xi

Contents

H.323 Applications

VC-235 VC-236 VC-237 VC-237 VC-237

The H.323 Standard H.323 Terminals H.323 Gateways H.323 Proxies

Configuring ISDN Redirect Number SupportVC-238 VC-238 VC-238

H.323 Gatekeepers Gatekeeper Zones MCUsVC-238

How Terminals, Gatekeepers, and Proxies Work Together Intrazone CallVC-239 VC-239

VC-239

Interzone Call Without Proxy Interzone Call with Proxy

VC-240 VC-241 VC-242

How Terminals, Gatekeepers, and Gateways Work Together Intrazone MCU Conference CallVC-243 VC-243

How Terminals, Gatekeepers, Proxies, and MCUs Work Together Interzone MCU Conference Call Without Proxy Interzone MCU Conference Call with Proxy Call Signaling Procedures Call Termination H.323 Feature OverviewVC-245

VC-244

Call SetupBoth Gateways Registered to the Same GatekeeperVC-246 VC-247

VC-245

Call Clearing with a GatekeeperVC-247 VC-248 VC-249 VC-250

Source Call Signal Address H.323 Version 2 Support Lightweight Registration

Improved Gateway Selection Process Support for Single-Proxy Configurations

VC-250 VC-251 VC-251 VC-251

Gateway Resource Availability Reporting

Registration of E.164 Addresses for Gateway-Attached Devices Tunneling of Redirecting Number Information Element DTMF RelayVC-252 VC-251

H.245 Tunneling of DTMF Relay in Conjunction with Fast Connect Translation of FXS Hookflash Relay H.235 SecurityVC-255 VC-253

VC-253


xii

Contents

GKTMP and RAS Messages RAS Message Fields Multizone Features Codec Negotiation Supported CodecsVC-256 VC-260 VC-261 VC-261

VC-255

H.245 Empty Capabilities Set H.323 Version 2 Fast Connect H.450.2 Call Transfer H.450.3 Call DeflectionVC-263 VC-264

VC-262

VC-262

Gateway Support for Alternate Endpoints

VC-264 VC-264

Gatekeeper C Code Generic API for GKTMP in a UNIX Environment Gateway Support for a Network-Based Billing Number Gateway Support for Voice-Port Description H.323 SignalingVC-265 VC-265 VC-265 VC-264

In-Band Tones and Announcements End-to-End Alerting H.245 Initiation Overlap DialingVC-267 VC-267

Cut-Through of Voice PathVC-267 VC-268

Configurable Timers in H.225.0 Answer Supervision Reporting

VC-268 VC-268 VC-269

Gateway-to-Gatekeeper Billing Redundancy Ecosystem Gatekeeper Interoperability AltGKInfo in GRJ Messages AltGKInfo in RRJ Messages H.323 RestrictionsVC-271 VC-271 VC-270 VC-270

VC-269

H.323 Version 2 Feature Restrictions

H.323 Signaling Enhancement Feature Restrictions Configurable Timers in H.225.0 RestrictionVC-272

VC-271

Source Call Signal Address and H.245 Empty Capabilities Set Restrictions Ecosystem Gatekeeper Interoperability Restrictions H.323 Prerequisite TasksVC-273 VC-274 VC-274 VC-275 VC-272

VC-272

H.323 Configuration Task List

Configuring Timers in H.225.0

Verifying the H.225.0 TCP Timeout Value


xiii

Contents

Configuring H.245 Tunneling of DTMF Relay in Conjunction with Fast Connect Configuring H.450VC-275 VC-276 VC-282

VC-275

Configuring Call Deflection

Configuring Call Transfer Without Consultation Configuring H.323 GatewaysVC-285 VC-285 VC-286

H.323 Gateway Prerequisite Tasks

H.323 Gateway Configuration Task List

Identifying a Router Interface As an H.323 Gateway Verifying Gateway Interface Configuration Configuring Gateway RAS Troubleshooting Tips AAA Authentication AAA AccountingVC-288 VC-291

VC-286

VC-288

Verifying RAS ConfigurationVC-291

Configuring AAA Functionality on the GatewayVC-291 VC-292

VC-291

Verifying AAA and RADIUS Configuration Configuring H.235 Gateway Security Settlement with the Gatekeeper Call TrackingVC-300 VC-302 VC-298 VC-300

VC-298

Downloading IVR Scripts

H.235 Gateway Security Configuration Tasks Configuring Alternate Gatekeeper Support Gatekeeper ClusteringVC-305 VC-305

VC-303 VC-305

Verifying H.235 Gateway Security Configuration

Verifying Configuration of the Alternate Gatekeeper Configuring Dual Tone Multifrequency Relay Configuring FXS Hookflash Relay Configuring Multiple CodecsVC-310 VC-312 VC-313 VC-307

VC-307

Verifying Multiple Codecs Configuration Configuring Rotary Calling PatternVC-313

Configuring H.323 Support for Virtual Interfaces H.323 Gateway Configuration ExamplesVC-315

VC-314 VC-315

Verifying the Source IP Address of the Gateway H.323 Gateway RAS Configuration ExampleVC-316

AAA Functionality on the Gateway Configuration ExampleCisco IOS Voice, Video, and Fax Configuration Guide

VC-317

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Contents

H.323 Gateway Security Configuration Example H.235 Security ExampleVC-322

VC-320

Alternate Gatekeeper Configuration Example DTMF Relay Configuration Example Multiple Codec Configuration ExampleVC-323

VC-322

FXS Hookflash Relay Configuration Example Rotary Calling Pattern Configuration Example

VC-323

VC-323 VC-323 VC-324

H.323 Support for Virtual Interfaces Configuration Example Configuring H.323 Gatekeepers and Proxies Multimedia Conference Manager Overview H.323 Gatekeeper FeaturesVC-326 VC-327 VC-327 VC-327 VC-327 VC-325 VC-325

Principal Multimedia Conference Manager Functions Zone and Subnet Configuration Redundant H.323 Zone Support

VC-326

Gatekeeper Multiple Zone Support Zone PrefixesVC-327 VC-328

Gateway Support for Alternate Gatekeepers Technology Prefixes

Gatekeeper-to-Gatekeeper Redundancy and Load-Sharing Mechanism Terminal Name Registration Interzone Communication RADIUS and TACACS+VC-329 VC-329 VC-329 VC-330 VC-329

VC-328

Accounting via RADIUS and TACACS+ Interzone Routing Using E.164 Addresses HSRP Support H.323 Proxy Features SecurityVC-333 VC-334 VC-335 VC-336 VC-332 VC-333

Proxy Inside the Firewall Proxy in Co-Edge Mode Proxy Outside the Firewall Proxies and NAT Quality of ServiceVC-336 VC-337

Application-Specific Routing Redundant H.323 Zone Support

VC-337 VC-338

H.323 Prerequisite Tasks and Restrictions

VC-338


xv

Contents

Gatekeeper-to-Gatekeeper Redundancy and Load-Sharing Mechanism H.323 Gatekeeper Configuration Task List Configuring the Gatekeeper Starting a GatekeeperVC-339 VC-340 VC-344 VC-345 VC-346 VC-339

VC-338

Configuring Redundant H.323 Zone Support Configuring Local and Remote Gatekeepers

Configuring Redundant Gatekeepers for a Zone Prefix Configuring Static NodesVC-349 VC-350 VC-354

Configuring Redundant Gatekeepers for a Technology Prefix Configuring H.323 Users via RADIUS Configuring a RADIUS/AAA Server Configuring E.164 Interzone Routing Configuring H.323 Version 2 Features Configuring the ProxyVC-368 VC-369

VC-347

Configuring User Accounting Activity for RADIUSVC-357 VC-358

VC-356

Configuring Gatekeeper Triggers for Interaction with External Applications Configuring a Proxy Without ASR Configuring a Proxy with ASR Configuring a Gatekeeper Example H.323 Gatekeeper Configuration Examples

VC-363

VC-373 VC-381

VC-382 VC-383 VC-383

Redundant Gatekeepers for a Zone Prefix Example E.164 Interzone Routing ExampleVC-383

Redundant Gatekeepers for a Technology Prefix Example Configuring HSRP on the Gatekeeper ExampleVC-385

Using ASR for a Separate Multimedia Backbone Example Enabling the Proxy to Forward H.323 Packets Isolating the Multimedia NetworkVC-387 VC-387

VC-386

Configuring a Co-Edge Proxy with ASR Without Subnetting Example Co-Edge Proxy with Subnetting ExampleVC-390

VC-388

Configuring an Inside-Edge Proxy with ASR Without Subnetting Example Configuring a QoS-Enforced Open Proxy Using RSVP Example Defining Multiple Zones ExampleVC-396 VC-396 VC-393

VC-392

Configuring a Closed Co-Edge Proxy with ASR Without Subnetting Example Defining One Zone for Multiple Gateways Example Configuring a Proxy for Inbound Calls Example

VC-395

VC-397


xvi

Contents

Configuring a Proxy for Outbound Calls Example Removing a Proxy Example H.235 Security ExampleVC-398 VC-398 VC-399

VC-397

GKTMP and RAS Messages Example

Prohibiting Proxy Use for Inbound Calls Example

VC-399 VC-399

Disconnecting a Single Call Associated with an H.323 Gateway Example Disconnecting All Calls Associated with an H.323 Gateway Example Configuring Session Initiation Protocol for Voice over IP SIP OverviewVC-402 VC-402 VC-401

VC-399

Components of SIP SIP Clients SIP Servers How SIP Works

VC-403 VC-404

VC-404 VC-405 VC-408

Using a Proxy Server Using a Redirect Server SIP Enhancements SIP Prerequisite Tasks

VC-410 VC-411

SIP Restrictions and ConsiderationsVC-412 VC-412

SIP Configuration Tasks List

Configuring SIP Support for VoIP Dial Peers Configuring SIP Call Transfer Verifying SIP Configuration SIP Configuration Examples Voice over Layer 2 Protocols Configuring Voice over Frame Relay VoFR OverviewVC-423 VC-424 VC-425 VC-425 VC-425 VC-423 VC-414 VC-415

VC-412 VC-413

Changing the Configuration of the SIP User Agent Configuring Gateway AccountingVC-417

VC-416

VoFR Dial Peers Switched Calls

Tandem Switching Cisco Trunk Calls Permanent Calls

Dynamic-Switched CallsVC-425 VC-426


xvii

Contents

Frame Relay Fragmentation

VC-426 VC-427 VC-428

End-to-End FRF.12 Fragmentation

Frame Relay Fragmentation Using FRF.11 Annex C Cisco Proprietary Voice Encapsulation Map Classes and Voice Packet Queues Traffic ShapingVC-428 VC-429 VC-429 VC-429 VC-428 VC-428

VoFR Prerequisite Tasks

VoFR Configuration Task List

Configuring Frame Relay to Support Voice

Configuring a Map Class to Support Voice Traffic Configuring VoFR Dial Peers Configuring Switched Calls Configuring Cisco Trunk Calls Configuring FRF.11 Trunk CallsVC-431 VC-436 VC-438

VC-430 VC-431

Configuring a Map Class for Traffic-Shaping Parameters

Tandem Switching of Switched CallsVC-440 VC-442

Verifying the Voice Connections Troubleshooting Tips VoFR Configuration ExamplesVC-445

VC-444 VC-444

Verifying the Frame Relay Configuration

Monitoring and Maintaining the VoFR ConfigurationVC-446

VC-445

Two Routers Using Frame Relay Fragmentation Example Two Routers Using a VoFR PVC ExampleVC-447

VC-446

Router Using VoFR PVCs Connected to Cisco MC3810s Before 12.1(2)T Example Cisco Trunk Calls Between Two Routers Example FRF.11 Trunk Calls Between Two Routers Example Tandem Configuration ExamplesVC-450 VC-455 VC-448 VC-449

VC-447

Cisco Trunk Call with Hunt Groups Example Configuring Voice over ATM VoATM OverviewVC-457 VC-458 VC-457

AAL Technology

Variable Bit Rate Real-Time Options for Traffic Shaping VoATM Dial Peers VoATM RestrictionsVC-459 VC-461

VC-458 VC-459

Cisco Trunk Calls on Cisco MC3810 Multiservice Concentrators


xviii

Contents

VoATM Prerequisite Tasks

VC-461 VC-462 VC-462

VoATM Configuration Task List

Configuring ATM Interfaces for Voice Traffic Using AAL5 Verifying the ATM PVC Configuration Configuring AAL2 Encapsulation for VoATM Configuring T1/E1 TrunksVC-465 VC-467 VC-468 VC-465 VC-465

Configuring Call Admission Control Configuring Subcell Multiplexing Configuring VoATM Dial PeersVC-469

Configuring VoATM Dial Peers to Support AAL2 Configuring Dial-Peer Hunting Verifying the Voice Connection Troubleshooting TipsVC-476 VC-474 VC-475

VC-471 VC-473

Configuring VoATM Dial Peers for Cisco Trunk Calls Configuring Cisco Trunk Permanent CallsVC-476

Verifying the ATM Interface Configuration Verifying the VoATM Connection Troubleshooting Tips VoATM Configuration ExamplesVC-479 VC-479 VC-480 VC-479

VC-476

Back-to-Back VoATM PVCs Example

Voice and Data Traffic over ATM PVCs Example

VC-481 VC-483 VC-487

VoATM for Cisco 3600 Series Routers Configuration Example

VoATM for the Cisco MC3810 Multiservice Concentrator Configuration Example Telephony Applications Configuring TCL IVR Applications TCL IVR Overview MGCP ScriptingVC-493 VC-494 VC-494 VC-495 VC-495 VC-493

TCL IVR Enhancements

RTSP Client Implementation TCL VerbsVC-497

TCL IVR Prompts Played on IP Call Legs TCL IVR Prerequisite TasksVC-499 VC-500

TCL IVR Configuration Tasks List

Configuring the Call Application for the Dial Peer

VC-500


xix

Contents

Configuring TCL IVR on the Inbound POTS Dial Peer Configuring TCL IVR on the Inbound VoIP Dial Peer Configuring MGCP Scripting TCL IVR Configuration ExamplesVC-504 VC-505

VC-502 VC-504

Verifying TCL IVR Configuration

VC-507 VC-507

TCL IVR for Gateway1 (GW1) Configuration Example TCL IVR for GW2 Configuration Example MGCP Scripting Configuration Example Configuring Debit Card Applications Debit Card Call Flow Audio File PromptsVC-518 VC-515 VC-515 VC-510 VC-512

Debit Card for Packet Telephony Overview

RADIUS and H.323 Gateway-Specific AccountingVC-523 VC-523 VC-524

VC-523

Cisco-Provided Audio Files Audio Filenaming Convention Creating Audio Index Files Sample Index File Debit Card Prerequisite TasksVC-527

Additional Miscellaneous PromptsVC-526 VC-526

VC-527 VC-528

Debit Card for Packet Telephony Configuration Tasks List Verifying the Debit Card Configuration Debit Card Feature Configuration Example Configuring Settlement Applications Settlement (OSP) Enhancements RoamingVC-537 VC-538 VC-538 VC-530 VC-530

VC-535 VC-536

Settlement for Packet Telephony Overview

VC-537

User Identification Settlement Provider Dial PeerVC-538

Dial Peer Settlement Option User-Network Interface OSP Click-to-Talk Functionality RestrictionsVC-542

VC-538 VC-539

Public Key Infrastructure Multiple RootsVC-540 VC-541

Settlement for Packet Telephony Prerequisite Tasks

VC-542


xx

Contents

Settlement for Packet Telephony Configuration Task List Configuring the Public Key Infrastructure Configuring the Originating Gateway Configuring the Settlement ProviderVC-543 VC-544 VC-544 VC-545 VC-547

VC-542

Configuring the Inbound POTS Dial Peer Configuring the Outbound VoIP Dial Peer Configuring the Terminating Gateway Configuring the Settlement Provider Configuring the Inbound VoIP Dial Peer Configuring the Outbound POTS Dial Peer Verifying Settlement Configuration Configuring Settlement with RoamingVC-550 VC-551 VC-548

VC-548 VC-549 VC-550

Configuring the Roaming Patterns on the Originating Gateway Enabling the Roaming Feature for the Settlement Provider Enabling the Roaming Feature in the Outbound Dial Peer Configuring Settlement with PKI Multiple RootsVC-552

VC-551

VC-551 VC-551

Configuring a Settlement Server with PKI Multiple Roots on the Originating Gateway Configuring the Root Certificate for Token Validation on the Terminating Gateway Defining the Token Validation on the Terminating Gateway Configuring Settlement with Suggested Route Settlement on the Originating Gateway Example Settlement on the Terminating Gateway Example Settlement with Roaming Example Settlement with UNI-OSP ExampleVC-560 VC-563 VC-553 VC-557 VC-552

VC-552

VC-552

Settlement for Packet Telephony Configuration Examples

VC-558 VC-559

Settlement with PKI Multiple Roots ExampleVC-567

Trunk Management and Conditioning Features Configuring Trunk Connections and Conditioning Features Trunking OverviewVC-571 VC-572 VC-573 VC-573 VC-571

Simulated Lines and Trunks

Trunk Conditioning Signaling Attributes T1/E1 Alarm Conditioning PSTN FallbackVC-574 VC-574

Congestion Monitoring and Management Features


xxi

Contents

Calculated Impairment Planning Factor Service Assurance Agent BusyoutVC-576 VC-576 VC-577 VC-576

VC-576

Local Voice Busyout Busyout Monitor

Advanced Voice BusyoutVC-577

Trunk Management Prerequisite Tasks

VC-577 VC-578 VC-581

Configuring Trunk-Conditioning Signaling Attributes Assigning Voice Classes to Voice Ports Configuring Trunk ConnectionsVC-584 VC-582

Assigning Trunk-Conditioning Attributes to Network Dial Peers Verifying the Signaling Attributes and Trunk Conditioning Configuring PLAR (Switched) Connections Configuring Trunk/Tie-Line Connections Configuring PLAR-OPX ConnectionsVC-584 VC-585

VC-582

VC-589 VC-589

Configuring T1/E1 Alarm Generation Parameters Verifying Alarm-Generation Parameters Configuring PSTN FallbackVC-592

VC-591

Configuring Fallback to Alternate Dial Peers Configuring Call Fallback Cache Parameters

VC-592 VC-592

Configuring Destination Monitoring without Fallback to Alternate Dial PeersVC-593 VC-593 VC-593

Configuring Call Fallback Jitter-Probe Parameters Configuring Call Fallback Threshold Parameters Configuring Call Fallback Map Parameters Verifying PSTN Fallback Configuration Troubleshooting TipsVC-594 VC-594

Configuring Call Fallback Probe-Timeout and Weight ParametersVC-594 VC-594

Monitoring and Maintaining PSTN Fallback Configuring Local Voice BusyoutVC-595

VC-595

Configuring the Busyout Trigger Event Configuring Busyout of Voice Ports

VC-596

VC-596 VC-600

Configuring a Voice Port to Monitor the Link to a Remote Interface Configuring a Busyout Monitoring Voice Class Trunk Conditioning Configuration ExampleVC-603 VC-601 VC-603

Trunk Connections and Conditioning Configuration Examples


xxii

Contents

Voice Class for VoFR and VoATM Dial Peers Configuration Example Voice Class for Voice Ports Configuration ExampleVC-604

VC-604

Voice Class for Default Signaling Patterns Configuration Example Voice Class for Specified Signaling Patterns Configuration Example PLAR (Switched Calls) Configuration Example Permanent Trunks Configuration ExampleVC-605 VC-606

VC-604 VC-605

Congestion Monitoring and Management Configuration Examples Configuring PSTN Fallback for VoIP over Frame Relay Example Configuring PSTN Fallback for VoIP over MLP Example Local Voice Busyout Configuration ExamplesVC-616 VC-611

VC-608 VC-608

Alarm Trigger for Busyout of Voice Ports Configuration Example Configuring ISDN Interfaces for Voice ISDN Voice Interface Overview QSIG Protocol Support QSIG Protocol Stack Q.931 SupportVC-626 VC-627 VC-622 VC-623 VC-625 VC-626 VC-621

VC-619

Switch-Type Configuration Options ISDN Voice Interface Limitations QSIG Support LimitationsVC-627

ISDN Voice Interface Prerequisite Tasks Configuring ISDN BRI Interfaces

VC-628 VC-628

ISDN Voice Interface Configuration Task ListVC-629

Verifying ISDN BRI Interface Configuration Configuring ISDN PRI InterfacesVC-636 VC-637 VC-637 VC-638

VC-632 VC-635

Monitoring and Maintaining ISDN BRI Interfaces Configuring ISDN PRI Voice Ports Verifying ISDN PRI Configuration ISDN PRI Troubleshooting Tips

Configuring Global QSIG Support for BRI or PRI Configuring Controllers for QSIG over PRI Configuring BRI Interfaces for QSIG Configuring PRI Interfaces for QSIG Verifying the QSIG Configuration QSIG Support Troubleshooting Tips Configuring ISDN PRI Q.931 SupportVC-640 VC-642 VC-643 VC-647 VC-648

VC-638

VC-639


xxiii

Contents

ISDN Voice Interface Configuration Examples

VC-649 VC-649 VC-650 VC-651

ISDN to PBX and ISDN to PSTN Configuration Examples ISDN Connection to a PBX Configuration Example QSIG Support Configuration ExamplesVC-651

ISDN Connection to the PSTN Configuration Example QSIG Support on Cisco 3600 Series Routers Example QSIG Support on Cisco 7200 Series Routers Example Q.931 Support Configuration Examples Configuring PBX Interconnectivity Features Configuring QSIG PRI Signaling Support Benefits of QSIG Voice Signaling QSIG Prerequisite Tasks Configuring VoIP QSIGVC-669 VC-669 VC-670 VC-667 VC-663 VC-667

VC-651 VC-656 VC-661

QSIG Support on Cisco MC3810 Multiservice Concentrators Example

VC-667

Configuring Voice over IP QSIG Network Transparency on the Cisco AS5300 QSIG Configuration Task List

VC-668

Configuring Fusion Call Control Signaling (NEC Fusion) on the Cisco AS5300 Verifying VoIP QSIG Software on the Cisco AS5300 QSIG Prerequisite Tasks Configuring T-CCS T-CCS OverviewVC-677 VC-677 VC-678 VC-679 VC-674 VC-673 VC-673

VC-672

Configuring QSIG PRI Signaling Support on the Cisco MC3810

T-CCS Limitations T-CCS Prerequisite Tasks

Related Documents for T-CCSVC-679

T-CCS Configuration Task List

VC-680 VC-680 VC-684 VC-686

Configuring T-CCS Cross-Connect

Configuring T-CCS Frame Forwarding Verifying the T-CCS Configuration Troubleshooting Tips for T-CCSVC-691 VC-694

Configuring T-CCS for a Clear-Channel Codec

Monitoring and Maintaining T-CCS and Frame Forwarding PBX Interconnectivity Configuration Examples QSIG Configuration ExamplesVC-695 VC-695 VC-695

VC-694

QSIG for VoIP Configuration ExampleCisco IOS Voice, Video, and Fax Configuration Guide

xxiv

Contents

QSIG PRI Signaling on the Cisco MC3810 Configuration Example T-CCS Configuration ExamplesVC-699 VC-699

VC-697

T-CCS over Frame Relay Configuration Example T-CCS over IP Configuration Example Fax, Video, and Modem Support Configuring Fax Applications Fax Applications Overview On-Ramp Gateway Off-Ramp Gateway POTS Dial Peers MMoIP Dial PeersVC-705 VC-705 VC-701

VC-706 VC-707 VC-708

Call Discrimination ProcessVC-708

VC-709 VC-710 VC-710

On-Ramp Gateway Security Access Control Lists

Attribute-Value Pairs for AAAVC-711

ESMTP Accounting Services Delivery Status Notifications T.37 Store and Forward Fax Modem PoolingVC-713

VC-711 VC-712 VC-712 VC-712

Message Delivery Notifications

Fax Relay Packet Loss Concealment Handling of Enclosures T.37/T.38 Fax GatewayVC-714 VC-715

VC-713

Using Interactive Voice Response T.38 Fax Relay for VoIP H.323 Fax Applications PrerequisitesVC-717

VC-716

VC-716

T.37 Store and Forward Fax Prerequisites Configuring the SMTP Server Configuring the MTAsVC-718 VC-719 VC-718

VC-717

Configuring Fax Operation

Configuring All Mail Through One Mailer Configuring the RedialersVC-722

VC-719 VC-719

Configuring Sendmail 8.8.5 for Single Recipients Fax Relay Packet Loss Concealment Prerequisite Tasks

VC-722


xxv

Contents

T.37/T.38 Fax Gateway Prerequisite Tasks Downloading VCWare to the VFC Copying Flash Files to the VFC Unbundling VCWareVC-727 VC-726

VC-722

VC-722

Adding Files to the Default File List Adding Codecs to the Capability List Deleting Files from VFC Flash Memory Erasing the VFC Flash Memory Configuring IVRVC-729

VC-728 VC-728 VC-729

VC-729

T.38 Fax Relay for VoIP H.323 Prerequisites Fax Applications Configuration Tasks List Configuring the On-Ramp Gateway Configuring the Sending MTA Configuring POTS Dial Peers Configuring MMoIP Dial Peers Configuring the Off-Ramp GatewayVC-730 VC-730

VC-730

Configuring the Called Subscriber NumberVC-731 VC-732 VC-732

VC-731

Verifying the Gateway Configuration

VC-733

VC-734 VC-734

Configuring the Transmitting Subscriber Number Configuring the Fax Transmission Speed Configuring the POTS Dial Peer Configuring the MMoIP Dial PeerVC-735 VC-736 VC-736 VC-734

Configuring the Receiving Mail Transfer Agent

VC-735

Configuring the Faxed Header Information Configuring the Fax Cover Page Information Verifying the Gateway Configuration Configuring Gateway SecurityVC-738

VC-737

VC-737

Configuring On-Ramp Gateway Security Configuring Off-Ramp Gateway Security

VC-738 VC-739 VC-740

Configuring the Gateway Security for TCL Application Files Verifying the Gateway Security Configuration Configuring MDNs Configuring DSNsVC-740 VC-741 VC-740

Verifying MDN ConfigurationVC-741

Verifying DSN Configuration

VC-742


xxvi

Contents

Configuring T.37 Store and Forward Fax Configuring On-Ramp Modem Pooling Configuring ECMVC-743

VC-742 VC-743

Configuring the T.37/T.38 Fax Gateway Configuring IVR Functionality Verify the IVR Configuration

VC-743 VC-744

Specifying the Interface Type for Fax CallsVC-744 VC-745

Configuring T.38 Fax Relay for VoIP H.323 Fax Applications Configuration Examples T.37/T.38 Fax Gateway ExamplesVC-749

VC-746

T.37 Store and Forward Fax Configuration ExamplesVC-756

VC-749

T.38 Fax Relay for VoIP H.323 Configuration Example Configuring Video Applications Video Applications Overview761 761 762 762

VC-759

Cisco Video Support by Platform

Cisco MC3810 Multiservice Concentrator

Cisco 2600 Series, 3600 Series, and 7200 Series Router and MC3810 Multiservice Concentrator 762 Cisco 3600 Series Router763 763

Multimedia Conference Manager with Voice Gateway Image and RSVP to ATM SVC Mapping ATM Nonreal-Time VBR SVC Support for Video Video Applications Prerequisite Tasks and Restrictions Video Applications Configuration Task List Configuring Video over ATM AAL1767 770 770 773 776 777 778 765 765 764 764

Configuring Video in Pass-Through Mode

Tuning Circuit Emulation Services Settings Configuring Video over ATM PVCs and SVCs Configuring Network Clocks and Controllers

Verifying Network Clock and Controller Configuration

Configuring Serial Interfaces to Support the Video Codec Configuring Video Dial Peers786 789 789

Configuring ATM Interfaces to Support Video over PVCs and SVCs Verifying Video Dial-Peer Configuration Configuring the CES Clock794

Troubleshooting Video over ATM SVCs and PVCs


xxvii

Contents

Configuring Structured CES

796 799 803

Configuring the Proxy and T.120

Configuring the Gatekeeper to Support Zone Bandwidth Configuring RSVP-ATM QoS Interworking Video Applications Configuration Examples804

Verifying RSVP-ATM QoS Interworking Configuration806

804

Video over ATM PVCs and SVCs Configuration Examples

806 808

CES Video Traffic on the Cisco MC3810 Multiservice Concentrator Configuration Example Video Traffic on a Cisco 3600 Series Router Configuration Example809

Cisco IP/VC 3510 Multipoint Control Unit with Cisco IOS Gatekeeper/Proxy Configuration Example 811 CES Clock Configuration Examples813 VC-815

Configuring Modem Transport Support for VoIP Modem Transport Support Overview DS-0 Busyout Traps Modem Health Traps DS-1 Loopback Traps Modem Tone Detection Pass-Through Switchover Controlled Redundancy Packet SizeVC-818 VC-818 VC-816 VC-815

Monitoring and Maintaining Modem Call Status

VC-815

ISDN PRI-Requested Channel-Not-Available TrapsVC-816 VC-816

VC-816

show controllers timeslots CommandVC-816 VC-817

Modem Pass-Through over VoIP

VC-817 VC-818 VC-818

Clock Slip Buffer Management

Modem Transport Support Prerequisite Tasks Configuring Modem Call Status Enabling DS-0 Busyout Traps Enabling Modem Health Traps Enabling DS-1 Loopback Traps Verifying Enabled Traps Troubleshooting TipsVC-820 VC-821 VC-819 VC-819

VC-818 VC-819

Modem Transport Support Configuration Task List

Enabling ISDN PRI-Requested Channel-Not-Available TrapsVC-820 VC-820

VC-819


xxviii

Contents

Configuring Modem Pass-Through

VC-821 VC-822 VC-822

Configuring Modem Pass-Through Globally Verifying Modem Pass-ThroughVC-824

Configuring Modem Pass-Through for a Specific Dial Peer Troubleshooting Tips for Modem Pass-Through Modem Transport Support Configuration Examples Modem Call Status Configuration Example Modem Pass-Through Configuration Example Appendixes Configuring Synchronized Clocking Synchronized Clocking OverviewVC-831 VC-831 VC-824 VC-824

Monitoring and Maintaining Modem Pass-ThroughVC-825 VC-825 VC-827

Configuring the Cisco MC3810 to a Synchronous Clocked Network Synchronized Clocking Configuration Task ListVC-833

VC-832

Configuring the Cisco MC3810 to Obtain Clocking from the Network

VC-833

Configuring the Cisco MC3810 to Recover Clocking from a Network Device Attached to a T1/E1 Controller VC-834 Configuring a T1/E1 Controller to Loop-Time the Clocking Back to the Network Clock Source VC-838 Configuring the Cisco MC3810 to Recover Clocking from a Network Device Attached to Serial 0 VC-841 Configuring the Cisco MC3810 to Use the Internal Clock Source Configuring a Hierarchy of Clock Sources for Backup PurposesVC-844 VC-845

Caller ID on Cisco 2600 and 3600 Series Routers and Cisco MC3810 Multiservice Concentrators VC-851 Called ID Overview Call Time DisplayVC-851 VC-852

Calling Name and NumberVC-853

Caller ID Prerequisites Tasks

VC-854 VC-855 VC-855 VC-858

Caller ID Configuration Task List

Configuring Voice Ports to Support Caller ID

Configuring FXS and FXO Voice Ports to Support Caller ID Verifying Caller ID on Voice Ports Configuration Troubleshooting TipsVC-863 VC-862


xxix

Contents

Cisco Hoot and Holler over IP

VC-865 VC-865 VC-867 VC-867

Hoot and Holler over IP Overview

Current Hoot and Holler Implementations Cisco Hoot and Holler over IP Overview Voice Multicasting IP/TV Access Migration StrategyVC-868 VC-869 VC-870

Interactive Voice ResponseVC-870

Technical Details of the Cisco Hoot and Holler over IP Solution IP Multicast and DSP Arbitration and Mixing Bandwidth Planning Virtual Interface Connection Trunk Configuration TasksVC-875 VC-876 VC-876 VC-872 VC-874 VC-874 VC-875 VC-872

VC-871

Cisco Hoot and Holler over IP Restrictions Configuring Multicast Routing Configuring the Virtual Interface Configuring VoIP Dial Peers Configuring E&M Voice Ports

VC-877 VC-879 VC-881 VC-882 VC-882

Configuring for Receive Only Mode

Configuring Relevant Interface (Serial/Ethernet) Configuration ExamplesVC-883 VC-884

Configuring Voice Ports in High-Density Voice Network Modules Voice Multicasting over an Ethernet LAN Configuring the Second Router Verifying the Configuration High-Density Voice Modules Dial-Peer Configuration Ethernet Configuration Quality of ServiceVC-886 VC-887 VC-887 VC-886 VC-885

VC-885

Voice Multicasting over a WANVC-888

Cisco Hoot and Holler over IP with Ethernet Topology (Two Hoot Groups) Router-1 (E&M Four-Wire Ports) Router-2 (FXS Ports) Router-3 (FXO Ports)VC-890 VC-891 VC-889

VC-889


xxx

Contents

Cisco Hoot and Holler over IP with Frame-Relay Topology (One Hoot Group) Router-1 Router-2 Router-3VC-892 VC-893 VC-894 VC-897

VC-892

Enhanced Voice Services for Japan for Cisco 800 Series Routers Enhanced Voice Services OverviewVC-897 VC-900 VC-901

Enhanced Voice Services Limitations Enhanced Voice Services Prerequisite Tasks Configuring Caller ID Configuring Nariwake Configuring I NumberVC-902

Related Documents for Enhanced Voice ServicesVC-901

Enhanced Voice Services Configuration Task List Configuring Call Blocking on Caller IDVC-903 VC-903 VC-902

VC-902

Monitoring and Maintaining Enhanced Voice Services Enhanced Voice Services Configuration Examples Caller ID ExampleVC-904 VC-904 VC-904

VC-904

Call Blocking on Caller ID Example Local Call Waiting Example Nariwake Example I Number Example POTS Dial ExampleVC-905 VC-905 VC-905 VC-905 VC-904

POTS Disconnect Example

Managing Cisco AS5300 Voice Feature Cards VFC Management Overview VFC Management Task List Downloading VCWareVC-907 VC-908 VC-908 VC-909

VC-907

Identifying the VFC Mode

Downloading Software (VCWare Mode) Copying Flash Files to the VFCVC-910

VC-909 VC-910

Downloading Software (ROM Monitor Mode)

Downloading VCWare to the VFC from the Router Motherboard Downloading VCWare to the VFC from a TFTP Server Unbundling VCWareVC-911 VC-912 VC-911

VC-911

Adding Files to the Default File List


xxxi

Contents

Adding Codecs to the Capability List Deleting Files from VFC Flash Memory Erasing the VFC Flash Memory

VC-912 VC-913

VC-913 VC-915 VC-915

Global System for Mobile Communications Full Rate and Enhanced Full Rate Codecs Prerequisite Tasks and Restrictions GSM Configuration Tasks Configuring Dial Peers GSM Configuration Example IndexVC-923 VC-916 VC-916 VC-919 VC-916

Global System for Mobile Communications Full Rate and Enhanced Full Rate Codecs Overview

Verifying Gateway ConfigurationVC-920


xxxii

About Cisco IOS Software DocumentationThis chapter discusses the objectives, audience, organization, and conventions of Cisco IOS software documentation. It also provides sources for obtaining documentation from Cisco Systems.

Documentation ObjectivesCisco IOS software documentation describes the tasks and commands necessary to configure and maintain Cisco networking devices.

AudienceThe Cisco IOS software documentation set is intended primarily for users who configure and maintain Cisco networking devices (such as routers and switches) but who may not be familiar with the tasks, the relationship between tasks, or the Cisco IOS software commands necessary to perform particular tasks. The Cisco IOS software documentation set is also intended for those users experienced with Cisco IOS software who need to know about new features, new configuration options, and new software characteristics in the current Cisco IOS software release.

Documentation OrganizationThe Cisco IOS software documentation set consists of documentation modules and master indexes. In addition to the main documentation set, there are supporting documents and resources.

Documentation ModulesThe Cisco IOS documentation modules consist of configuration guides and corresponding command reference publications. Chapters in a configuration guide describe protocols, configuration tasks, and Cisco IOS software functionality and contain comprehensive configuration examples. Chapters in a command reference publication provide complete Cisco IOS command syntax information. Use each configuration guide in conjunction with its corresponding command reference publication.


33

About Cisco IOS Software Documentation Documentation Organization

Figure 1 shows the Cisco IOS software documentation modules.

Note

The abbreviations (for example, FC and FR) next to the book icons are page designators, which are defined in a key in the index of each document to help you with navigation. The bullets under each module list the major technology areas discussed in the corresponding books.

Figure 1

Cisco IOS Software Documentation ModulesIPC IP1RCisco IOS IP Command Reference, Volume 1 of 3: Addressing and Services

FC

Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide

Cisco IOS IP Configuration Guide

P2C

Cisco IOS AppleTalk and Novell IPX Configuration Guide

P3C

IP3RCisco IOS AppleTalk and Novell IPX Command Reference

Cisco IOS Apollo Domain, Banyan VINES, DECnet, ISO CLNS, and XNS Configuration Guide Cisco IOS Apollo Domain, Banyan VINES, DECnet, ISO CLNS, and XNS Command Reference

FR

Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Command Reference

IP2R

Cisco IOS IP Command Reference, Volume 2 of 3: Routing Protocols

Cisco IOS IP Command Reference, Volume 3 of 3: Multicast

P2R

P3R

Module FC/FR: Cisco IOS User Interfaces File Management System Management

Module IPC/IP1R/IP2R/IP3R: IP Addressing and Services IP Routing Protocols IP Multicast

Module P2C/P2R: AppleTalk Novell IPX

Module P3C/P3R: Apollo Domain Banyan VINES DECnet ISO CLNS XNS

WC

Cisco IOS Wide-Area Networking Configuration Guide

IC

Cisco IOS Interface Configuration Guide

MWC

Cisco IOS Mobile Wireless Configuration Guide

SC

Cisco IOS Security Configuration Guide

WR

Cisco IOS Wide-Area Networking Command Reference

IR

Cisco IOS Interface Command Reference

MWR

Cisco IOS Mobile Wireless Command Reference

SR

Cisco IOS Security Command Reference

Module WC/WR: ATM Broadband Access Frame Relay SMDS X.25 and LAPB

Module IC/IR: LAN Interfaces Serial Interfaces Logical Interfaces

Module MWC/MWR: General Packet Radio Service

Module SC/SR: AAA Security Services Security Server Protocols Traffic Filtering and Firewalls IP Security and Encryption Passwords and Privileges Neighbor Router Authentication IP Security Options Supported AV Pairs


34

47953


DC

Cisco IOS Dial Technologies Configuration Guide

TC

Cisco IOS Terminal Services Configuration Guide

BC

Cisco IOS Bridging and IBM Networking Configuration Guide

B1RCisco IOS Dial Technologies Command Reference Cisco IOS Terminal Services Command Reference Cisco IOS Bridging and IBM Networking Command Reference, Volume 1 of 2

B2RCisco IOS Bridging and IBM Networking Command Reference, Volume 2 of 2

DR

TR

Module DC/DR: Preparing for Dial Access Modem and Dial Shelf Configuration and Management ISDN Configuration Signalling Configuration Dial-on-Demand Routing Configuration Dial-Backup Configuration Dial-Related Addressing Services Virtual Templates, Profiles, and Networks PPP Configuration Callback and Bandwidth Allocation Configuration Dial Access Specialized Features Dial Access Scenarios

Module TC/TR: ARA LAT NASI Telnet TN3270 XRemote X.28 PAD Protocol Translation

Module BC/B1R: Transparent Bridging SRB Token Ring Inter-Switch Link Token Ring Route Switch Module RSRB DLSw+ Serial Tunnel and Block Serial Tunnel LLC2 and SDLC IBM Network Media Translation SNA Frame Relay Access NCIA Client/Server Airline Product Set

Module BC/B2R: DSPU and SNA Service Point SNA Switching Services Cisco Transaction Connection Cisco Mainframe Channel Connection CLAW and TCP/IP Offload CSNA, CMPC, and CMPC+ TN3270 Server

VC


QC

Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Configuration Guide

XC

Cisco IOS Switching Services Configuration Guide

VR

Cisco IOS Voice, Video, and Fax Command Reference

QR

Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Command Reference

XR

Cisco IOS Switching Services Command Reference

Module VC/VR: Voice over IP Call Control Signalling Voice over Frame Relay Voice over ATM Telephony Applications Trunk Management Fax, Video, and Modem Support

Module QC/QR: Packet Classification Congestion Management Congestion Avoidance Policing and Shaping Signalling Link Efficiency Mechanisms

Module XC/XR: Cisco IOS Switching Paths NetFlow Switching Multiprotocol Label Switching Multilayer Switching Multicast Distributed Switching Virtual LANs LAN Emulation


47954

35


Master IndexesTwo master indexes provide indexing information for the Cisco IOS software documentation set: an index for the configuration guides and an index for the command references. Individual books also contain a book-specific index. The master indexes provide a quick way for you to find a command when you know the command name but not which module contains the command. When you use the online master indexes, you can click the page number for an index entry and go to that page in the online document.

Supporting Documents and ResourcesThe following documents and resources support the Cisco IOS software documentation set:

Cisco IOS Command Summary (two volumes)This publication explains the function and syntax of the Cisco IOS software commands. For more information about defaults and usage guidelines, refer to the Cisco IOS command reference publications. Cisco IOS System Error MessagesThis publication lists and describes Cisco IOS system error messages. Not all system error messages indicate problems with your system. Some are purely informational, and others may help diagnose problems with communications lines, internal hardware, or the system software. Cisco IOS Debug Command ReferenceThis publication contains an alphabetical listing of the debug commands and their descriptions. Documentation for each command includes a brief description of its use, command syntax, usage guidelines, and sample output. Dictionary of Internetworking Terms and AcronymsThis Cisco publication compiles and defines the terms and acronyms used in the internetworking industry. New feature documentationThe Cisco IOS software documentation set documents the mainline release of Cisco IOS software (for example, Cisco IOS Release 12.2). New software features are introduced in early deployment releases (for example, the Cisco IOS T release train for 12.2, 12.2(x)T). Documentation for these new features can be found in standalone documents called feature modules. Feature module documentation describes new Cisco IOS software and hardware networking functionality and is available on Cisco.com and the Documentation CD-ROM. Release notesThis documentation describes system requirements, provides information about new and changed features, and includes other useful information about specific software releases. See the section Using Software Release Notes in the chapter Using Cisco IOS Software for more information. Caveats documentationThis documentation provides information about Cisco IOS software defects in specific software releases. RFCsRFCs are standards documents maintained by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Cisco IOS software documentation references supported RFCs when applicable. The full text of referenced RFCs may be obtained on the World Wide Web at http://www.rfc-editor.org/. MIBsMIBs are used for network monitoring. For lists of supported MIBs by platform and release, and to download MIB files, see the Cisco MIB website on Cisco.com at http://www.cisco.com/public/sw-center/netmgmt/cmtk/mibs.shtml.


36

About Cisco IOS Software Documentation New and Changed Information

New and Changed InformationThe Cisco IOS Voice, Video, and Fax Configuration Guide is the result of reorganizing and renaming the Cisco IOS Multiservice Applications Configuration Guide. The Cisco IOS Voice, Video, and Fax Configuration Guide contains information about configuring Voice over IP, Voice over Frame Relay, Voice over ATM, and telephony applications using Interactive Voice Response (IVR), fax, and video. This release adds the following new technologies:

Media Gateway Control Protocol/Simple Gateway Control Protocol Session Initiation Protocol T.38-compliant fax relay Hoot and holler over IP Caller ID

This release of the Cisco IOS Voice, Video, and Fax Configuration Guide deletes the following technologies:

Broadbandcovered in a separate configuration guide. Voice over HDLCno longer supported by Cisco routers.

Document ConventionsWithin Cisco IOS software documentation, the term router is generally used to refer to a variety of Cisco products (for example, routers, access servers, and switches). Routers, access servers, and other networking devices that support Cisco IOS software are shown interchangeably within examples. These products are used only for illustrative purposes; that is, an example that shows one product does not necessarily indicate that other products are not supported. The Cisco IOS documentation set uses the following conventions: Convention ^ or Ctrl Description The ^ and Ctrl symbols represent the Control key. For example, the key combination ^D or Ctrl-D means hold down the Control key while you press the D key. Keys are indicated in capital letters but are not case sensitive. A string is a nonquoted set of characters shown in italics. For example, when setting an SNMP community string to public, do not use quotation marks around the string or the string will include the quotation marks.

string


37

About Cisco IOS Software Documentation Document Conventions

Command syntax descriptions use the following conventions: Convention boldface italics [x] | [x | y] {x | y} Description Boldface text indicates commands and keywords that you enter literally as shown. Italic text indicates arguments for which you supply values. Square brackets enclose an optional element (keyword or argument). A vertical line indicates a choice within an optional or required set of keywords or arguments. Square brackets enclosing keywords or arguments separated by a vertical line indicate an optional choice. Braces enclosing keywords or arguments separated by a vertical line indicate a required choice. Nested sets of square brackets or braces indicate optional or required choices within optional or required elements. For example: Convention [x {y | z}] Description Braces and a vertical line within square brackets indicate a required choice within an optional element. Examples use the following conventions: Conventionscreen boldface screen

Description Examples of information displayed on the screen are set in Courier font. Examples of text that you must enter are set in Courier bold font. Angle brackets enclose text that is not printed to the screen, such as passwords. An exclamation point at the beginning of a line indicates a comment line. (Exclamation points are also displayed by the Cisco IOS software for certain processes.)

< ! [

>

]

Square brackets enclose default responses to system prompts. The following conventions are used to attract the attention of the reader:

Caution

Means reader be careful. In this situation, you might do something that could result in equipment damage or loss of data.

Note

Means reader take note. Notes contain helpful suggestions or references to materials not contained in this manual.

Timesaver

Means the described action saves time. You can save time by performing the action described in the paragraph.


38

About Cisco IOS Software Documentation Cisco Connection Online

Cisco Connection OnlineCisco Connection Online (CCO) is Cisco Systems primary, real-time support channel. Maintenance customers and partners can self-register on CCO to obtain additional information and services. Available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, CCO provides a wealth of standard and value-added services to Ciscos customers and business partners. CCO services include product information, product documentation, software updates, release notes, technical tips, the Bug Navigator, configuration notes, brochures, descriptions of service offerings, and download access to public and authorized files. CCO serves a wide variety of users through two interfaces that are updated and enhanced simultaneously: a character-based version and a multimedia version that resides on the World Wide Web (WWW). The character-based CCO supports Zmodem, Kermit, Xmodem, FTP, and Internet e-mail, and it is excellent for quick access to information over lower bandwidths. The WWW version of CCO provides richly formatted documents with photographs, figures, graphics, and video, as well as hyperlinks to related information. You can access CCO in the following ways:

WWW: http://www.cisco.com WWW: http://www-europe.cisco.com WWW: http://www-china.cisco.com Telnet: cco.cisco.com Modem: From North America, 408 526-8070; from Europe, 33 1 64 46 40 82. Use the following terminal settings: VT100 emulation; databits: 8; parity: none; stop bits: 1; and connection rates up to 28.8 kbps.

For a copy of CCOs Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), contact [email protected]. For additional information, contact [email protected].

Note

If you are a network administrator and need personal technical assistance with a Cisco product that is under warranty or covered by a maintenance contract, contact Ciscos Technical Assistance Center (TAC) at 800 553-2447, 408 526-7209, or [email protected]. To obtain general information about Cisco Systems, Cisco products, or upgrades, contact 800 553-6387, 408 526-7208, or [email protected].

Documentation CD-ROMCisco documentation and additional literature are available in a CD-ROM package, which ships with your product. The Documentation CD-ROM, a member of the Cisco Connection Family, is updated monthly. Therefore, it might be more current than printed documentation. To order additional copies of the Documentation CD-ROM, contact your local sales representative or call customer service. The CD-ROM package is available as a single package or as an annual subscription. You can also access Cisco documentation on the World Wide Web at http://www.cisco.com, http://www-china.cisco.com, or http://www-europe.cisco.com. If you are reading Cisco product documentation on the World Wide Web, you can submit comments electronically. Click Feedback in the toolbar and select Documentation. After you complete the form, click Submit to send it to Cisco. We appreciate your comments.


39

About Cisco IOS Software Documentation Obtaining Documentation

Obtaining DocumentationThe following sections provide sources for obtaining documentation from Cisco Systems.

World Wide WebThe most current Cisco documentation is available on the World Wide Web at the following website: http://www.cisco.com Translated documentation is available at the following website: http://www.cisco.com/public/countries_languages.html

Ordering DocumentationCisco documentation can be ordered in the following ways:

Registered Cisco Direct Customers can order Cisco product documentation from the Networking Products MarketPlace: http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/order/order_root.pl Registered Cisco.com users can order the Documentation CD-ROM through the online Subscription Store: http://www.cisco.com/go/subscription Nonregistered Cisco.com users can order documentation through a local account representative by calling Cisco corporate headquarters (California, USA) at 408 526-7208 or, in North America, by calling 800 553-NETS(6387).

Documentation FeedbackIf you are reading Cisco product documentation on the World Wide Web, you can submit technical comments electronically. Click Feedback in the toolbar and select Documentation. After you complete the form, click Submit to send it to Cisco. You can e-mail your comments to [email protected]. To submit your comments by mail, use the response card behind the front cover of your document, or write to the following address: Cisco Systems, Inc. Document Resource Connection 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA 95134-9883 We appreciate your comments.


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About Cisco IOS Software Documentation Obtaining Technical Assistance

Obtaining Technical AssistanceCisco provides Cisco.com as a starting point for all technical assistance. Customers and partners can obtain documentation, troubleshooting tips, and sample configurations from online tools. For Cisco.com registered users, additional troubleshooting tools are available from the TAC website.

Cisco.comCisco.com is the foundation of a suite of interactive, networked services that provides immediate, open access to Cisco information and resources at anytime, from anywhere in the world. This highly integrated Internet application is a powerful, easy-to-use tool for doing business with Cisco. Cisco.com provides a broad range of features and services to help customers and partners streamline business processes and improve productivity. Through Cisco.com, you can find information about Cisco and our networking solutions, services, and programs. In addition, you can resolve technical issues with online technical support, download and test software packages, and order Cisco learning materials and merchandise. Valuable online skill assessment, training, and certification programs are also available. Customers and partners can self-register on Cisco.com to obtain additional personalized information and services. Registered users can order products, check on the status of an order, access technical support, and view benefits specific to their relationships with Cisco. To access Cisco.com, go to the following website: http://www.cisco.com

Technical Assistance CenterThe Cisco TAC website is available to all customers who need technical assistance with a Cisco product or technology that is under warranty or covered by a maintenance contract.

Contacting TAC by Using the Cisco TAC WebsiteIf you have a priority level 3 (P3) or priority level 4 (P4) problem, contact TAC by going to the TAC website: http://www.cisco.com/tac P3 and P4 level problems are defined as follows:

P3Your network performance is degraded. Network functionality is noticeably impaired, but most business operations continue. P4You need information or assistance on Cisco product capabilities, product installation, or basic product configuration.

In each of the above cases, use the Cisco TAC website to quickly find answers to your questions. To register for Cisco.com, go to the following website: http://www.cisco.com/register/ If you cannot resolve your technical issue by using the TAC online resources, Cisco.com registered users can open a case online by using the TAC Case Open tool at the following website: http://www.cisco.com/tac/caseopen


41

About Cisco IOS Software Documentation Obtaining Technical Assistance

Contacting TAC by TelephoneIf you have a priority level 1 (P1) or priority level 2 (P2) problem, contact TAC by telephone and immediately open a case. To obtain a directory of toll-free numbers for your country, go to the following website: http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/687/Directory/DirTAC.shtml P1 and P2 level problems are defined as follows:

P1Your production network is down, causing a critical impact to business operations if service is not restored quickly. No workaround is available. P2Your production network is severely degraded, affecting significant aspects of your business operations. No workaround is available.


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Using Cisco IOS SoftwareThis chapter provides helpful tips for understanding and configuring Cisco IOS software using the command-line interface (CLI). It contains the following sections:

Understanding Command Modes Getting Help Using the no and default Forms of Commands Saving Configuration Changes Filtering Output from the show and more Commands Identifying Supported Platforms

For an overview of Cisco IOS software configuration, refer to the Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide. For information on the conventions used in the Cisco IOS software documentation set, see the chapter About Cisco IOS Software Documentation located at the beginning of this book.

Understanding Command ModesYou use the CLI to access Cisco IOS software. Because the CLI is divided into many different modes, the commands available to you at any given time depend on the mode you are currently in. Entering a question mark (?) at the CLI prompt allows you to obtain a list of commands available for each command mode. When you log in to the CLI, you are in user EXEC mode. User EXEC mode contains only a limited subset of commands. To have access to all commands, you must enter privileged EXEC mode, normally by using a password. From privileged EXEC mode you can issue any EXEC commanduser or privileged modeor you can enter global configuration mode. Most EXEC commands are one-time commands. For example, show commands show important status information, and clear commands clear counters or interfaces. The EXEC commands are not saved when the software reboots. Configuration modes allow you to make changes to the running configuration. If you later save the running configuration to the startup configuration, these changed commands are stored when the software is rebooted. To enter specific configuration modes, you must start at global configuration mode. From global configuration mode, you can enter interface configuration mode and a variety of other modes, such as protocol-specific modes. ROM monitor mode is a separate mode used when the Cisco IOS software cannot load properly. If a valid software image is not found when the software boots or if the configuration file is corrupted at startup, the software might enter ROM monitor mode.


43

Using Cisco IOS Software Getting Help

Table 1 describes how to access and exit various common command modes of the Cisco IOS software. It also shows examples of the prompts displayed for each mode.Table 1 Accessing and Exiting Command Modes

Command Mode User EXEC Privileged EXEC Global configuration

Access Method Log in. From user EXEC mode, use the enable EXEC command. From privileged EXEC mode, use the configure terminal privileged EXEC command. From global configuration mode, specify an interface using an interface command. From privileged EXEC mode, use the reload EXEC command. Press the Break key during the first 60 seconds while the system is booting.

PromptRouter> Router#

Exit Method Use the logout command. To return to user EXEC mode, use the disable command. To return to privileged EXEC mode from global configuration mode, use the exit or end command, or press Ctrl-Z. To return to global configuration mode, use the exit command. To return to privileged EXEC mode, use the end command, or press Ctrl-Z.

Router(config)#

Interface configuration

Router(config-if)#

ROM monitor

>

To exit ROM monitor mode, use the continue command.

For more information on command modes, refer to the Using the Command-Line Interface chapter in the Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide.

Getting HelpEntering a question mark (?) at the CLI prompt displays a list of commands available for each command mode. You can also get a list of keywords and arguments associated with any command by using the context-sensitive help feature. To get help specific to a command mode, a command, a keyword, or an argument, use one of the following commands: Commandhelp abbreviated-command-entry?

Purpose Provides a brief description of the help system in any command mode. Provides a list of commands that begin with a particular character string. (No space between command and question mark.) Completes a partial command name. Lists all commands available for a particular command mode. Lists the keywords or arguments that you must enter next on the command line. (Space between command and question mark.)

abbreviated-command-entry ? command ?


44


Example: How to Find Command OptionsThis section provides an example of how to display syntax for a command. The syntax can consist of optional or required keywords and arguments. To display keywords and arguments for a command, enter a question mark (?) at the configuration prompt or after entering part of a command followed by a space. The Cisco IOS software displays a list and brief description of available keywords and arguments. For example, if you were in global configuration mode and wanted to see all the keywords or arguments for the arap command, you would type arap ?. The symbol in command help output stands for carriage return. On older keyboards, the carriage return key is the Return key. On most modern keyboards, the carriage return key is the Enter key. The symbol at the end of command help output indicates that you have the option to press Enter to complete the command and that the arguments and keywords in the list preceding the symbol are optional. The symbol by itself indicates that no more arguments or keywords are available and that you must press Enter to complete the command. Table 2 shows examples of how you can use the question mark (?) to assist you in entering commands. The table steps you through configuring an IP address on a serial interface on a Cisco 7206 router that is running Cisco IOS Release 12.0(3).Table 2 How to Find Command Options

CommandRouter> enable Password: Router#

Comment Enter the enable command and password to access privileged EXEC commands. You are in privileged EXEC mode when the prompt changes to Router#. Enter the configure terminal privileged EXEC command to enter global configuration mode. You are in global configuration mode when the prompt changes to Router(config)#. Enter interface configuration mode by specifying the serial interface that you want to configure using the interface serial global configuration command. Enter ? to display what you must enter next on the command line. In this example, you must enter the serial interface slot number and port number, separated by a forward slash. You are in interface configuration mode when the prompt changes toRouter(config-if)#.

Router# configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#

Router(config)# interface serial ? Serial interface number Router(config)# interface serial 4 ? / Router(config)# interface serial 4/ ? Serial interface number Router(config)# interface serial 4/0 Router(config-if)#


45


Table 2

How to Find Command Options (continued)

CommandRouter(config-if)# ? Interface configuration commands: . . . ip Interface Internet Protocol config commands keepalive Enable keepalive lan-name LAN Name command llc2 LLC2 Interface Subcommands load-interval Specify interval for load calculation for an interface locaddr-priority Assign a priority group logging Configure logging for interface loopback Configure internal loopback on an interface mac-address Manually set interface MAC address mls mls router sub/interface commands mpoa MPOA interface configuration commands mtu Set the interface Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) netbios Use a defined NETBIOS access list or enable name-caching no Negate a command or set its defaults nrzi-encoding Enable use of NRZI encoding ntp Configure NTP . . . Router(config-if)# Router(config-if)# ip ? Interface IP configuration subcommands: access-group Specify access control for packets accounting Enable IP accounting on this interface address Set the IP address of an interface authentication authentication subcommands bandwidth-percent Set EIGRP bandwidth limit broadcast-address Set the broadcast address of an interface cgmp Enable/disable CGMP directed-broadcast Enable forwarding of directed broadcasts dvmrp DVMRP interface commands hello-interval Configures IP-EIGRP hello interval helper-address Specify a destination address for UDP broadcasts hold-time Configures IP-EIGRP hold time . . . Router(config-if)# ip

Comment Enter ? to display a list of all the interface configuration commands available for the serial interface. This example shows only some of the available interface configuration commands.

Enter the command that you want to configure for the interface. This example uses the ip command. Enter ? to display what you must enter next on the command line. This example shows only some of the available interface IP configuration commands.


46

Using Cisco IOS Software Using the no and default Forms of Commands

Table 2

How to Find Command Options (continued)

CommandRouter(config-if)# ip address ? A.B.C.D IP address negotiated IP Address negotiated over PPP Router(config-if)# ip address

Comment Enter the command that you want to configure for the interface. This example uses the ip address command. Enter ? to display what you must enter next on the command line. In this example, you must enter an IP address or the negotiated keyword. A carriage return () is not displayed; therefore, you must enter additional keywords or arguments to complete the command.

Router(config-if)# ip address 172.16.0.1 ? A.B.C.D IP subnet mask Router(config-if)# ip address 172.16.0.1

Enter the keyword or argument you want to use. This example uses the 172.16.0.1 IP address. Enter ? to display what you must enter next on the command line. In this example, you must enter an IP subnet mask. A is not displayed; therefore, you must enter additional keywords or arguments to complete the command.

Router(config-if)# ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0 ? secondary Make this IP address a secondary address Router(config-if)# ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0

Enter the IP subnet mask. This example uses the 255.255.255.0 IP subnet mask. Enter ? to display what you must enter next on the command line. In this example, you can enter the secondary keyword, or you can press Enter. A is displayed; you can press Enter to complete the command, or you can enter another keyword.

Router(config-if)# ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#

In this example, Enter is pressed to complete the command.

Using the no and default Forms of CommandsAlmost every configuration command has a no form. In general, use the no form to disable a function. Use the command without the no keyword to reenable a disabled function or to enable a function that is disabled by default. For example, IP routing is enabled by default. To disable IP routing, use the no ip routing command; to reenable IP routing, use the ip routing command. The Cisco IOS software command reference publications provide the complete syntax for the configuration commands and describe what the no form of a command does.


47

Using Cisco IOS Software Saving Configuration Changes

Configuration commands also can have a default form, which returns the command settings to the default values. Most commands are disabled by default, so in such cases using the default form has the same result as using the no form of the command. However, some commands are enabled by default and have variables set to certain default values. In these cases, the default form of the command enables the command and sets the variables to their default values. The Cisco IOS software command reference publications describe the effect of the default form of a command if the command functions differently than the no form.

Saving Configuration ChangesUse the copy system:running-config nvram:startup-config command to save your configuration changes to the startup configuration so that the changes will not be lost if the software reloads or a power outage occurs. For example:Router# copy system:running-config nvram:startup-config Building configuration...

It might take a minute or two to save the configuration. After the configuration has been saved, the following output appears:[OK] Router#

On most platforms, this task saves the configuration to NVRAM. On the Class A Flash file system platforms, this task saves the configuration to the location specified by the CONFIG_FILE environment variable. The CONFIG_FILE variable defaults to NVRAM.

Filtering Output from the show and more CommandsIn Cisco IOS Release 12.0(1)T and later releases, you can search and filter the output of show and more commands. This functionality is useful if you need to sort through large amounts of output or if you want to exclude output that you need not see. To use this functionality, enter a show or more command followed by the pipe character (|); one of the keywords begin, include, or exclude; and a regular expression on which you want to search or filter (the expression is case-sensitive): command | {begin | include | exclude} regular-expression The output matches certain lines of information in the configuration file. The following example illustrates how to use output modifiers with the show interface command when you want the output to include only lines in which the expression protocol appears:Router# show interface | include protocol FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up Serial4/0 is up, line protocol is up Serial4/1 is up, line protocol is up Serial4/2 is administratively down, line protocol is down Serial4/3 is administratively down, line protocol is down

For more information on the search and filter functionality, refer to the Using the Command-Line Interface chapter in the Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide.


48

Using Cisco IOS Software Identifying Supported Platforms

Identifying Supported PlatformsCisco IOS software is packaged in feature sets consisting of software images that support specific platforms. The feature sets available for a specific platform depend on which Cisco IOS software images are included in a release. To identify the set of software images available in a specific release or to find out if a feature is available in a given Cisco IOS software image, see the following sections:

Using Feature Navigator Using Software Release Notes

Using Feature NavigatorFeature Navigator is a web-based tool that enables you to quickly determine which Cisco IOS software images support a particular set of features and which features are supported in a particular Cisco IOS image. Feature Navigator is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. To access Feature Navigator, you must have an account on Cisco.com. If you have forgotten or lost your account information, e-mail the Contact Database Administration group at [email protected]. If you do not have an account on Cisco.com, go to http://www.cisco.com/register and follow the directions to establish an account. To use Feature Navigator, you must have a JavaScript-enabled web browser such as Netscape 3.0 or later, or Internet Explorer 4.0 or later. Internet Explorer 4.0 always has JavaScript enabled. To enable JavaScript for Netscape 3.x or Netscape 4.x, follow the instructions provided with the web browser. For JavaScript support and enabling instructions for other browsers, check with the browser vendor. Feature Navigator is updated when major Cisco IOS software releases and technology releases occur. You can access Feature Navigator at the following URL: http://www.cisco.com/go/fn

Using Software Release NotesCisco IOS software releases include release notes that provide the following information:

Platform support information Memory recommendations Mic

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