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ECO-MOISTURE SORPTION (EMS)ETP GROUP 56
NIK ALIFF SYAZREEN BIN SABRI 13526MOHAMAD SAFWAN SYAHIR BIN MOHD AZMI 13548MOHAMMAD SHAFIQ BIN MOHAMMAD ASHRAF 15208MOHAMED ABDELGADIR MOHAMED AHMED ELFAKI 15800CLAIRE CHANG LI SI CHANG AIK LENG 13779SITI FATIMAH ILI BINTI OMAR 13913
SUPERVISOR : AP DR SUZANA BINTI YUSUP
CONTENT
IntroductionBackground StudiesMethodologyProject PlanningResult and DiscussionConclusion and Recommendations
INTRODUCTION• Problem statement• Objectives
PROBLEM STATEMENT
• Cockle shell dumped and left untreated
• Quarrying of CaCO₃ lead to air & noise pollution
OBJECTIVES
Main Objective- To convert waste to value-added product
Additional Objective- To reduce waste material- To obtain alternative source of CaCO₃- To apply the use of CaCO₃ in the daily life
BACKGROUND STUDIES• Literature review
LITERATURE REVIEW
Three (3) main elements in Eco-Moisture Sorption : i) The source – cockle shells ii) The medium – small container ii) The other usage – potpourri
Calcium carbonate extracted by quarrying – deforestation and environmental damage
Alternative – cockle shells – 95-99% CaCO₃
LITERATURE REVIEW
Application of CaCO₃ - dehumidifier
Main absorbent is Calcium Chloride, CaCl₂ :- derived from cockle shells- exothermic reaction- great capacity to attract moisture- very fast drying agent
No previous researches – dehumidifier by using CaCO₃ extracted from cockle shells
METHODOLOGY• Preparation of CaCl₂• Preparation of fragrance
PREPARATION OF CACl₂
CaCO3 + 2HCl → CO2 + H2O + CaCl2
PREPARATION OF FRAGRANCE
PROJECT PLANNING• Project flow• Task distribution
PROJECT FLOW
Week 1 and 2 : brainstormed ideas
Week 3 : make use of waste product(cockle shells).
Week 4 : required procedure – research.
Week 5 and 6 : optimum condition - factors affecting yield.
PROJECT FLOW
Week 7 : 1st run ; testing hypothesis.
Week 8 : 2nd run ; apply optimization to increase yield. Product being contaminated. Need to re-run.
Week 9 : 3rd run ; diluting the concentration of acid. Get the final product.
Week 10 : Introducing fragrance from waste materials as well. Design the packaging.
TASK DISTRIBUTION
MOHAMAD SAFWAN SYAHIR BIN MOHD AZMI
- Leads the team, plan and conduct weekly meetings and activities.
- Allocates tasks to all members.
- Monitors progress of project.
- Make sure all the project activities are done on time.
CLAIRE CHANG LI SI
- Heads meeting when leader is unavailable.
- Keep record of all the data and document.
- Ensure all the necessary documents are done properly.
SITI FATIMAH ILI BT OMAR
- Keep record of the group’s expenditure.
- Manage budget and money flow for project.
- In-charge of all the claims (fill up the Students’ Requisition Form).
MOHAMMAD SHAFIQ BIN MOHAMMAD ASHRAF
• Develops the mechanism for the prototype.
• Design technical part of the project.
• Ensure project materials are in shape.
MOHAMED ABDELGADIR MOHAMED AHMED ELFAKI
- Gather relevant information and decide on the best material.
- Keep updated with the progress of project and find ways to improve it.
NIK ALIFF SYAZREEN BIN SABRI
• Lead the design process.
• Design the prototype in Autodesk Inventor and in conceptual sketches before fabrication.
RESULTS• Data• Graph
DATA
Run 1
Variable Value
Weight of CaCO₃
5g
Volume of HCl 500 ml
HCl concentration
0.1 M
Size of CaCO3 particle
o Powdero Medium size (2 mm –
4 mm)
RESULT
Run 1
Sample CaCl₂ Yield1 1.7524 g2 0.3531 g
DATA
Run 2 Variable Value
Size of CaCO₃ particle
Powder form
Weight of CaCO₃o 5go 10go 15g
Volume of HClo 100 mlo 50 mlo 200 ml
HCl concentrationo 0.1 Mo 0.05 Mo 0.2 M
DATA
Run 3Variable Value
Size of CaCO₃ particle Powder form
Weight of CaCO₃o 5go 10go 15g
Volume of diluted HCl 500 ml
Volume of 1 mol of HClo 50 mlo 100 mlo 200 ml
HCl concentrationo 0.1 Mo 0.2 Mo 0.4 M
RESULT
Run 1 vs Run 3
Run (5g) CaCl₂ Yield1 1.7524 g3 3.55 g
RESULT
10 g 5 g0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Percentage Yield of CaCl₂ With Varying Wight of Cockle Shell
Run (0.1 M) CaCl₂ Yield1 1.7524 g3 3.55 g
PROTOTYPE COMPARISON
Our Product / gram
Commercial / gram
Before (t=0) 17.30 g 16.50 g
After (t = 60 m) 17.44 g 16.64
After (t = 3 days)19.61 g 18.82 g
Weight of water absorbed (t = 60 m)
0.14 g 0.14 g
Weight of water absorbed (t = 3 d)
2.31 g 2.32 g
RESULT
DISCUSSION• Calculation• Economical consideration
CONCENTRATION OF CaCO₃
Theory15 g of CaCO₃ yields 16.5 g CaCl₂
Experiment15 g of CaCO₃ yields 11 g of CaCl₂
Concentration of CaCO₃ in the cockle shell is calculated to be 66.7%
ECONOMICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Item Cost per unit(450g)
Cockle Shell FREE
Hydrochloric Acid RM0.70
Filter paper RM1.10
Lime skin/Flowers FREE
Scented Oils RM0.05
Container RM0.50
Miscellanous RM0.30
Total RM2.65
CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATIONS
CONCLUSION
Production of scented green dehumidifier from waste material.
Waste Material ( Cockle Shells )
EMS Product
CONCLUSION
EMS advantages: 1) Cost Competitive 2) Eco- Friendly 3) Contents of the EMS is biodegradable and the plastic container is recyclable.
EMS Product
RECOMMENDATION
Mixing Cockle Shells from different places to have higher percentage of CaCO3 .
Optimizing lab experiment environment such as: 1) Concentration and amount of HCL used 2) Temperature and pressure
Provide small Sachet filled with pure CaCL2 in the market.
Use Petals for another flowers which can preserve its odour for much longer time such as Jasmine.
REFERENCE
[1] (2007, December 15). Kerajaan Sasar Hasil 130000 Tan Metric Kerang. Utusan Malaysia. 15 December 2007. Retrieved on June 9, 2012 from http://www.seafdec.org.my.
[2] A Guide to Physical Properties. Retrieved on June 7, 2012 from http://www.oxycalciumchloride.com.
[3] Barros, M.C., Bao, M., Bello, P.M., and Torrado, J.J. (2009). From Waste To Commodity: Transforming Shells Into High Purity Calcium Carbonate. Cleaner Production, 17(3), 400-407.
[4] Calcium Chloride. Retrieved on June 9, 2012 from http://www.calciumchloride.co.uk/index.html.
[5] Calcium Chloride: A Superior Choice Over Silica Gel. Weatherly Japan K.K.
[6] Langer, W.H. (2011) Potential environmental impacts of quarrying stone in karst-A literature review. USGS Open-File Report of-01-0484. Retrieved on June 5, 2012 from http://pubs.usgs.gov/ of/2001 /ofr-01 -0484/ofr-01 -0484so.pdf.
[7] Maitra, S., Mohamed, M., and Yusup, S. (2012). Decomposition Study of Calcium Carbonate in Cockle Shell. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology. School of Engineering Taylor’s University, 7(1), 1-10.
Thank You
Q&A Session