Negative Interaction:
PREDATION
PPREDATION
PREDATOR PPREY
PredationThe
interaction between two species in which one specie, the predator, feeds on the other specie, the prey.
Predator and prey
relationships
A predator is an organism that eats another organism.
The prey is the organism which
the predator eats.
lion and zebra
bear and fish
fox and
rabbit
Bear and berry
rabbit and
lettuce
grasshopper and leaf
Predation, in the broadest sense, describes interactions that have a positive
influence on one species, and a negative influence on the other species.
Predation theorywhen prey are numerous their
predators increase in numbers,
reducing the prey population, which in
turn causes predator number to
decline.
Predator-prey population dynamics
Predators kill prey affects prey death rate
• prey population size depends on number of predators
• with few predators, prey population grows
• with many predators, prey population shrinks
Predator-prey population dynamics are connected
Predators eat prey affects predator birth rate
• predator population size depends on number of prey
• with many prey, predator population grows
• with few prey, predator population shrinks
Predator-prey population dynamics are connected
Predators kill and eat prey affects prey death rate affects predator
birth rate
• with few predators, prey population • with many prey, predator population • with many predators, prey population • with few prey, predator population
Predator-prey population dynamics are connected
growsgrowsshrinksshrinks
Prey numbers increase, predator numbers increase…
5 Types Of
Predation
HERBIVORESCARNIVORES
INSECT PARASITOIDSPARASITES AND
DISEASECANNIBALISM
5 TYPES OF PREDATION
Herbivores
Animals that prey on green plants,
seeds or fruits
CarnivoresTypical
predation, where one
animal consumes another
Insects Parasitoids
Insects lay eggs on or in host, and
host is consumed by larvae
Parasites and Disease
Depend on host
for nutrition
CannibalismPredator
and prey are the same
species
TACTICS OF THE
PREDATOR
Tactics of the
PREDATOR#1camouflage
Hide and Wait#2
Tactics of the
PREDATOR
POISONING#3
Tactics of the
PREDATOR
TRAP#4Tactics of the
PREDATOR
BIGGER,
WILDER,
FASTER
#5Tactics of the
PREDATOR
700 lbs & built to kill
200 mph
17,000 lbs
RESPONSES OF THE PREY
RESPONSES OF THE
PREYcamoufla
ge#1
There are two major types of camouflage:
Cryptic Camouflage Disruptive Camouflage
When an organism
conceals itself by appearing like
parts of its surrounding environment
Cryptic Camouflage
chameleon cuttlefish octopu
s
3 organisms that can control the coloration
Cryptic Camouflage
When patterns or colors are used
to confuse predators to hide the head or tail
areas of an organism
Disruptive Camouflage
Disruptive camouflage confuses predators.
Disruptive Camouflage
Other organisms have fake eye spots or other patterns so predators attack the wrong end
ESCAPE#2
RESPONSES OF THE
PREY
POISON#3
RESPONSES OF THE
PREY
Poison dart frogs are
small, brightly colored
rainforest frogs that have very poisonous
skin.
Poison dart frog
Poison dart frogs
Its skin secretes a
nerve toxin that can
paralyze a potential predator fire salamander
Its body contain
toxins which taste terrible to potential predators. monarch butterfly
ARMOR#4
RESPONSES OF THE
PREY
PLAY DEA
D#5
RESPONSES OF THE
PREY
MIMICRY#6
RESPONSES OF THE
PREY
Mimicry is when one species
closely resembles
another species to gain some advantage
There are two types of mimicry:
Batesian MimicryMuellerian Mimicry
When a species that is NOT
dangerous mimics a species that IS
dangerous
Batesian Mimicry
When two dangerous
species mimic each other
Muellerian Mimicry
STRENGTH IN
NUMBERS#7
RESPONSES OF THE
PREY
Thank you for listening!
Kristhel m. buenoBeed 3 1 day