Ecologyoikos + ology
“study of home”
Ernst Haeckel
EcologyHow organisms interact with
each other and their environment.
Ecology – the social movement
Population Ecology
Winter deer count
Community Ecology
Stream survey
Ecosystem EcologyMeasuring
abiotic factors
Chapter 53 -- Population Ecology
Populations have range
Cattle egret
Populations can increase their RANGE
Populations can be large ……
Populations can be small ……
Iriomote Wildcat
Felis iriomotensis
Inhabits only one small Japanese island
Devil’s Hole pupfish
Cyprinodon diabolis
Devil’s Hole pupfish
The entire habitat for Cyprinodon daibolis.
Devil’s Hole, Death Valley
California Condor(Gymnogyps californianus)
Random Dispersion
Random Dispersion
Uniform Dispersion
Uniform Dispersion
Clumped Dispersion
Clumped Dispersion
Clumped Dispersion
Example: a survivorship curve
Demography
and Fitness
Life History
Life History
Salmon spawning migration
Life History
Salmon spawning migration
Life History
Salmon spawning
Life History
the end
Newly hatched salmon fry
the pay off
Life History
Semelparity
Life History
Breed once and die
Reproductive adult plant
Seedling (life history success)
Agave (century plant)
Semelparous organisms
Life History
Iteroparity
r-selected: Atlantic cod (Gadus)
k-selected: spiny dogfish (Squalus)
r and k selected life history strategies
r
k
k-selected: redwood tree
r-selected: dandelion
r and k selected life history strategies
rk
Population growth
Fur seal population recovery
Laboratory Demonstration of Exponential Growth
Density Dependent Factors
Density Independent Factors
An exponential curve, still on the up swing
Human population growth
Population Structure
Environmental Footprints