SuMoCoS Sustainability and Mobility in the Context of Smart Cities
https://uol.de/se?sumocos Ulaanbaatar, September 23-27, 2019
Economic instruments for water management of Mongolia:
Analysis of water pollution control by economic instruments
Dr. J.Batsuuri, J.Gerelchuluun, S.Nyamdavaa, G.Narantuya
Contact SuMoCoS Sustainability and Mobility in the Context of Smart Cities
2
GERELCHULUUN Javzan /Head of the Water rate tariff department/
NYAMDAVAA Sainnemekh
Water Services Regulatory Commission
6th floor, “N tower”, Ikh toiruu 81/1,8th khoroo, Sukhbaatar district, Ulaanbaatar city 141928 Mongolia
+976 99991219
www.wsrc.mn
Gerelchuluun
Contents
Introduction
Methodology
Legislation
Economic instruments for water management of Mongolia
UB wastewater management
Water Pollution Control: Polluter pays principle
Economic Incentives: Water Pollution fee
Wastewater tariff, needs to change and effective wastewater tariff structure
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Start
The big WWTPs of Mongolia established in 1965-1970s
Most of the aimag centers WWTS s were renovated since 2000s.
Now
But most of them couldn’t operate normally or cant work.
UB CWWTP and 15 aimag centers WWTPs started to renew.
Need
For the correct and effective utilization of these WWTPs it is necessary to define failures and causes of the damages, injuries and take the necessary measures to eliminate these problems.
Introduction
Causes might be:
- Weak legal condition
- Lack of funding O&M
- Lack of qualified workers etc.
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Methodology
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Economic instruments for pollution
control
Situation analysis
Legal condition
review, control on
water pollution Analysis
current economic
instruments for pollution
control
Framework for pricing of wastewater
Tariff setting/ Computationa
l framework
Legislation
WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
In 2004 approved Water Law Introduced idea river basin management, Established Water Authority Improved the water pricing system , Introduced water use fee /tax/
In 2012 approved Water Law and Law on Environmental Resource Use Fee, Law on Water Pollution Improved IWRM, approved national IWRM plan established River Basin
Authorities Improved the water pricing system Introduced polluter pays principle /WPL adopted in 2019./
WATER&SANITATION MANAGEMENT
In 2002 approved Law on Urban, Settlements Water Supply and Sewerage Utilization Improved WSS management and water&waste water tariff condition
In 2003 and 2011 approved Law on Urban, Settlements Water Supply and Sewerage Utilization Introduced regulation option and established WSRC
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Economic instruments for water management of Mongolia
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No Type Laws Targets In reality Remarks
1 Water resource use fee /tax/
Water Law Law on Natural Resources Use Fee
Rational water use, increase water use effciency
yes
To decrease water loss yes, no Water utilities do not pay
To manage extraction of water from sources, to protect environment
yes
To decrease groundwater use and increase surface water use
no big changes
2 Water pollution fee
Law on Water Pollution
Water pollution prevention and reduction
no Not yet implemented.
3 Water resource depletion fee
Water Law To develop green city no Not yet implemented
4 Water and wastewater tariff
Law on Urban , Settlement’s WSS Utilization
Continuous and reliable WSS service
yes can't cover full cost
Economic instruments for water management of Mongolia
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No Type Laws Targets In reality Remarks
1 Water resource use fee /tax/
Water Law Law on Natural Resources Use Fee
Rational water use, increase water use effciency
yes
5 Compensation fee&penalties
Environmental Protection Law, Law on Violation
Rational water use, increase water use effciency
yes
To prevent over extraction yes
Water pollution prevention and reduction
no No real economic incentives
6 Subsides 209 resolution of GoM
For ger area water supply yes, no Only for some provinces
7 Other insentives
Water Law, Law on Natural Resources Use Fee, Water pollution fee
Rational water use, increase water use effciency
yes, no
Law on Water Pollution ammended in 2019. Not yet implemented.
UB wastewater management
USUG – Water supply and Sewerage Authority of UB
Management UB city
Regulation WSRC
Control Inspection Agency
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№ WWTP Year of
operation Treatment method
Decontamination
Method
1 CWWTP 1964 Mechanical and biological UV and chlorination
2 Nisekh 2014 Mechanical and biological Chlorination
3 Moringiin davaa 2018 Mechanical and biological UV
4 Bayangol 1978 Mechanical and biological Chlorination
5 Biokombinat 1990 Mechanical and biological Chlorination
6 Dambadarjaa 2010 Mechanical and biological Chlorination
7 Bagakhangai 1989 Mechanical Chlorination
8 Industrial
pretreatment plant 1972 Mechanical and chemical -
UB wastewater management
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40,0
50,0
60,0
70,0
2001 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Mln
m3
Water extraction Treated wastewater
0,0
50,0
100,0
150,0
200,0
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Appartment households Thous. household
UB wastewater management
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0,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
2001 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Water loss Mln m3
0,0
200,0
400,0
600,0
800,0
1000,0
1200,0
1400,0
1600,0
1800,0
2000 2009 2011 2017 2018
Suspendedsolids, mg/l
COD, mg/l
BOD, mg/l
COD=800
SS=400 BOD=400
Water Pollution Control: Polluter pays principle
Water pollution control /MNET, Inspection Agency etc./ Environmental Protection Law
Law on Violation
Law on Water Pollution
Law on Urban , Settlement’s WSS Utilization
Effluent standards
To 2019 Effluent stardards
Other measures /restrict or stop services/
No real economic mechanizm
Water pollution is increased and influenced on CWWTP
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Economic Incentives: Water Pollution fee
On of the causes of water pollution: Absence of the Economic Incentives
In 2012 Introduced pollution fee based on polluter pays principle /but couldn't implement due to absence of the laboratory capacity and couldn’t prepare related rules/
Effluent concentration within the standards – pollution fee
Effluent concentration within the standards - penalties /2-3 times higher than pollution fee/
The rate depends on • Quality of wastewater discharged from any industry or entity
• Volume of wastewater discharged
Proposed pollution fee rate
150-350 MNT/m3
Exempt- households, schools, offices, health org.
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Wastewater tariff, needs to change and effective wastewater tariff structure
Wastewater tariff Volume of wastewater discharged to the system
Different by customer type • Tannery, car wash, spirit, meat industry
• Soft drinks, food
• Other
• Household
If decrease pollution no benefits for polluters
Necessary to renew Connect with pollution fee
- 3-4 costumer categories based on effluent concentration
- If decrease pollution can change to low level /tariff will decrease/ or increase pollution can change to high level
- Revenue requirements have to recover O&M of the WWTP
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Economic instruments are most strong tool for pollution control!
SuMoCoS Sustainability and Mobility in the Context of Smart Cities
https://uol.de/se?sumocos Ulaanbaatar, September 23-27, 2019
Thank you for your attention
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