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Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

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Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture. Hans Joosten Uni-Greifswald: Peatland Studies & Palaeo-ecology International Mire Conservation Group Belarus UNFCCC delegation. Reasons for rewetting. For the climate Against fire.. Because of pumping costs - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Economic opportunities of Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and wetland rewetting and paludiculture paludiculture Hans Joosten Hans Joosten Uni-Greifswald: Peatland Studies & Uni-Greifswald: Peatland Studies & Palaeo-ecology Palaeo-ecology International Mire Conservation Group International Mire Conservation Group Belarus UNFCCC delegation Belarus UNFCCC delegation
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Page 1: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Economic opportunities of wetland Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculturerewetting and paludiculture

Hans JoostenHans Joosten

Uni-Greifswald: Peatland Studies & Palaeo-ecologyUni-Greifswald: Peatland Studies & Palaeo-ecologyInternational Mire Conservation GroupInternational Mire Conservation Group

Belarus UNFCCC delegationBelarus UNFCCC delegation

Page 2: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Reasons for rewettingReasons for rewetting

For the climateFor the climate Against fire..Against fire.. Because of pumping costsBecause of pumping costs For social reasons…For social reasons…

Fascist demonstration in Amklam 31 July 2010…

Page 3: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Rewetting of peatland is good for the climate More climatic profit can even be made by using

rewetted peatlands for biomass cultivation To replace fossil fuels and fossil raw materials 500,000 km2 of degraded peatlands

PALUDICULTURE !!

Page 4: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Drainage of peatlands for conventional Drainage of peatlands for conventional agriculture, forestry and peat extraction is agriculture, forestry and peat extraction is responsible for 2 Gtons of COresponsible for 2 Gtons of CO2 2 emissions.emissions.

Drained peatlands are increasingly used for Drained peatlands are increasingly used for the production of biofuels. the production of biofuels.

This generally leads to (much) larger COThis generally leads to (much) larger CO22--

emissions from oxidizing peat soil than can emissions from oxidizing peat soil than can be saved by replacing fossil fuels.be saved by replacing fossil fuels.

Paludiculture

Page 5: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

…mais on destroyed peatland for biogas…

Germany

Page 6: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

…although biofuels from drained peatland produce 3 – 9 times more CO2 than burning coal…

Page 7: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Paludiculture is agriculture on wet/rewetted peatlands

Roswarowo, Poland

Page 8: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Paludiculture is an innovative alternative to conventional drainage-based peatland agri- and silviculture

Ideally the peatlands should be so wet that peat is conserved and peat accumulation is re-installed.

Paludiculture uses that part of net primary production that is not necessary for peat formation (80-90% of NPP).

Paludiculture

Page 9: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

In the temperate, subtropical and tropical In the temperate, subtropical and tropical zones, peat is generally formed by roots and zones, peat is generally formed by roots and rhizomes.rhizomes.

Aboveground parts can be harvested Aboveground parts can be harvested without harming peat formation. without harming peat formation.

Paludiculture

Page 10: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Biomass from wet peatlands in temperate Europe.

Q* = quality demand : ++ = high. + = medium, 0 = low).

Page 11: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Paludicultures on rewetted drained peatlands Paludicultures on rewetted drained peatlands contribute to climate change mitigation in contribute to climate change mitigation in two ways:two ways:

by reducing GHG emissions from drained by reducing GHG emissions from drained peatland soilspeatland soils

by replacing fossil resources by renewable by replacing fossil resources by renewable biomass alternatives.biomass alternatives.

Paludiculture

Page 12: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture
Page 13: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Rewetting results in a GHG emission reduction Rewetting results in a GHG emission reduction of 15 t COof 15 t CO22-eq∙ha-eq∙ha-1-1∙a∙a-1-1. .

The reed of 1 hectare can replace fossil fuels in The reed of 1 hectare can replace fossil fuels in a cogeneration plant that would otherwise emit a cogeneration plant that would otherwise emit 15 t CO15 t CO22. .

Emissions from handling amount to 2 t COEmissions from handling amount to 2 t CO22-eq -eq

haha-1-1.. Using reed from paludiculture would thus avoid Using reed from paludiculture would thus avoid

emissions of almost 30 t COemissions of almost 30 t CO22-eq∙ha-eq∙ha-1-1∙a∙a-1-1

Example: common reed

Page 14: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Planting reed on drained peatland before rewetting…

Page 15: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Reed cultivation on rewetted fens

Page 16: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Reed cultivation: Biomass ánd peat accumulation

Page 17: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Roof reed: quality product

Page 18: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture
Page 19: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Reed (Phragmites australis)

Productivity: 3 – 25 t DM/ha*a

Harvest cycle: 1 - 2 yr

Peat accumulation: ++/0

Page 20: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Alder cultivation on rewetted fens

Page 21: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Alder cultivation: biomass ánd peat accumulation

Page 22: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Alder (Alnus glutinosa)

Productivity: 3 – 10 t DM/ha*a

Harvest cycle: 60-70 yr

Peat accumulation: +/0

Page 23: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Harvesting of wet peatland biomasse in Poland

Page 24: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Briquetting of peatlandbiomasse in Poland

Page 25: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Nov 2004

Mai 2004

Aug 2006

Aug 2005

Peatmoss cultivation as peat alternative in horticulture

Page 26: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Peatmoss farming: avoids up to 50 ton CO2 ha-1 a-1: 20 by rewetting drained bogland + 25 by replacing fossil

peat + 5 by avoiding international transport

Page 27: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Kalimantan: Jelutung on rewetted peat swamp

Kalimantan

Page 28: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

…perspectives for purun…

Page 29: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Most paludicultures can compete with normal drainage based agriculture.

Substantial market distortion because of agricultural subventions (EU: ‘paludiculture is no agriculture’).

Paludicultures do not compete with food production.

Paludiculture is a cheap and effective way to reduce emissions

Paludiculture

Page 30: Economic opportunities of wetland rewetting and paludiculture

Paludiculture = paludi-future!!


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