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INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Slow to come to America Need for land, labor, capital, consumers
Samuel Slater-”Father of the factory system” Eli Whitney-cotton gin & interchangeable
parts Textile Industry
Headquarters in Lowell, Massachusetts “Factory girls”
Single farm girls Put in corporate boarding houses Held to very high morals and expectations
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
1834-Mower-Reaper Cyrus McCormick
1837-Steel Plow John Deere
1844-Telegraph Samuel Morse
1846-Sewing Machine Isaac Singer
IMMIGRATION
“Old Immigration” Western Europe
Irish & Germans Settled
Irish-in cities (NY & Boston), worked in factories & on railroad
Germans-moved west (Wisconsin), farmed “Political Machines”
Wooed & helped new immigrants in exchange for vote
Most famous-”Boss Tweed”, NY Captured in political cartoons by Thomas Nast
IMMIGRATION
“Nativism” Fear & dislike of immigrants
1849-American “Know Nothing” Party Restrictions on immigration Deportation of poor
TRANSPORTATION
Roads 1790s-first paved roads Invention of “turnpike” 1852-First national road from Maryland to Illinois
Waterways 1807-Steamboat invented-Robert Fulton 1825-Erie Canal 1840s-Clipper ships-international trading Mostly helped the west and south to trade goods
and bring in manufactured goods
TRANSPORTATION
Railroads Most significant contribution to economy Better than water ways
Fast & reliable Cheaper to construct Did not freeze in winter
1828-first railroad By 1860-30,000 miles of track 75 % in the North 1833-passenger travel becomes popular 1859-Pullman’s “sleeping palace”