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Edible Oil Making Plant

Home> Food Making Plant

Edible Oil Making Plant

(Continuous Type Expeller Extraction and Reining Plant!

1IntroductionFats and oils" like proteins and carbo#ydrates" are necessary lie

sustaining ingredients in man$s diet% Food use accounts or more t#an

t&o't#irds o total &orld consumption o oil%

Reining o egetable and animal oils improes t#eir keeping )uality%

T#e separation o oils and ats rom oil'bearing animals and egetables

constitutes a distinctie and speciali*ed branc# o ood processing

tec#nology% Crude oils and ats are +,- make up o esterstriglycerides and triglycerols% T#ese esters" called

neutral oils" are puriied during t#e edible oil reining process% T#ere is" #o&eer" a signiicant amount o

nonglyceride impurities suc# as ree atty acids" tocop#erols" sterols" p#osp#atides" #ydrocarbons" pigments"

oxides" &axes" moisture" proteins" carbo#ydrates" dirt" bagging iber" cellular tissue" gum and resins t#at

need to be remoed during processing% T#ese impurities generally ind t#eir &ay into t#e oil during t#e

reining process% T#ey produce t#e dark'color and cause oil to oam" smoke or precipitate en #eated%

.ubse)uent processing mig#t result in an unpleasant taste and odor en t#e oil is exposed to atmosp#eric

conditions%

Fats and oils are not only essential to t#e diet o man and animals but also play an important role in t#e

manuacture o numerous products" suc# as paints" arnis#es" soap" cosmetics #ardened ats" textiles"

leat#er" paper" p#armaceuticals and lubricants% T#ey are also oten used or conerted into edible medicinal%

T#e &idely dierent c#aracteristics o oil'bearing materials rom dierse resources #ae gien rise to

dierent extraction and reining processes% /ut t#e system most commonly used in t#e reinement o edible

oils today consists o neutrali*ation" &as#ing" bleac#ing" deodori*ation o ot#er processes or special

purposes or ic# produce ne& products to meet c#anging market demands% Ho&eer" to c#oose t#e best

process or an oil extraction and reinement plant" some common ob0ecties must be considered% T#ese

include t#e need to obtain unin0ured ats and oils" ic# are as ree as possible rom undesirable impurities"

to obtain t#e ats and oils in as #ig# a yield consistent &it# economical processing" and to produce an oil

cake residue (by'product! o t#e #ig#est alue%

1n t#e current &orld industrial situation o energy resource s#ortage" rising &ages" demand or #ig#er

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)uality rom consumers and stier competition" inestors must tread careully in making t#eir inestment

plans in and management o a ole plant business% Ho& to make an economical inestment" sae labor

expenses and energy resources" and #o& to produce #ig# alue products and by'products are points" ic#

must be considered en inesting in an edible oil plant% T#e inestor must consider t#at t#ere are many

in#erent disadantages to processing edible oil by t#e solent extraction met#od% T#ese include t#e large

amount o inestment and energy costs" t#e complex and dangerous processing" diicult maintenance and

repair o mac#inery and e)uipment" large solent leakage during t#e manuacturing process" and #ig#

personnel expenses or #ig#'tec# engineers" all o ic# make t#e cost o solent'extracted products at

least t&ice #ig#er t#an t#e alternatie continuous type oil expeller'extraction met#od (alt#oug# t#e ormer

extracts about 2'3-more oil!% Today unlike t#e lo& oil content materials suc# as soybeans" oil rom rice

bran must be extracted using t#e solent extraction process% Contrarily" or ot#er #ig# oil content materials

suc# as peanuts" copra" palm kernel" rapeseed" etc%" t#e continuous type oil expeller process is used to

extract oil" so t#at t#e management and proitability o t#e plant &ill be muc# more eicient and

competitie%

4mong all kinds o oil extraction plants" t#e continuous type oil expeller'extraction and reining process is

t#e most economical inestment because5

1.1The manufacturing process is easy. It is easy to manage and control, and there is a minimalneed for high-tech engineering personnel

1.The cost of machinery and e!uipment and the occupation of the plant are not "ery high.1.#The production capacity is stable, and there is less likelihood of unit e!uipment failure and$ob interruption.

1.%&ue to simple machinery design, it is easier to repair1.'There is lo(er leakage and loss of ra( materials, Products, and energy duringmanufacturing

1.)*ecause of the lo( content of gum and (a+, it is easy to refine crude oil from the continuoustype oil e+peller-e+traction process, and

1.It is easy and safe to operate the plant because no "olatile materials are in"ol"ed.

eneral Processing Information.1lo( /hart2%6%6 Expeller Extraction .ection

2%6%6%6 T#e Process or Peanut" Rapeseed" Cotton .eed" and corn palm kernel" copra" .unlo&er .eed" etc%"

Material%

2%6%6%2 T#e Process For Palm 7ernel Material

2%6%6%8 T#e Process For Copra Material

2%6%2 Reining .ection

2%6%2%6 T#e Process o p#ysical Reining .ystem5

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2%6%2%2 T#e Process o /atc# Type Reining .ystem

2%6%2%8 T#e Process o .emi'Continuous Reining .ystem

.Process &escription02%2%6 Pressing

2%2%6%6 4ny ra& material suc# as peanut" rapeseed" cotton seed" corn" palm kernel" copra" or sunlo&er seed

t#at is stored in t#e &are#ouse in bulk orm is loaded by using eel loaders and dumped into t#e receiing

#opper ere labor &ill pus# t#e ra& seed grain t#roug# t#e static screen into t#e receiing #opper%

2%2%6%2 T#roug# ibrating eeders" t#e ra& seed grain is ed into t#e bucket eleator and transported to t#e

ibrating screen ic# magnetically remoing part o t#e de#ulling e)uipment%

2%2%6%8 4ter being crus#ed" t#e de#ulled seeds are separated rom t#e #ulls by a screening deice% T#e

#ulls t#us remoed are sent to storage or eentual use as roug#ing in animal eeds%

2%2%6%9 T#e seeds are rolled into t#in lakes to make t#em easily permeable to steam in t#e cooking

operation and are next cooked or conditioned in a 3'stage automatic steam kettle at 62,or 2, minutes

beore pressing to rupture t#e oil lands and to coagulate t#e proteins%

2%2%6%3 T#e conditioned egetable seeds are t#en places in an oil pressure expeller" ic# remoe t#e oil

rom t#e seeds% T#e oil remoed by t#e presses is screened" cooled" iltered and stored or reining%

2%2%6%: T#e expressed meal cake extruded rom t#e expellers consists o approximately ;'6,- egetable

oil" ic# could be recoered t#roug# a secondary mec#anical pressure expeller" ic# recoers up to +3-'

+;-o oil rom t#e ra& egetable seed% T#e cake residue could eentually be consumed as animal eed%

2%2%2 Reining5 T#e oerall reining process o crude egetable oil usually inoles neutrali*ation" &ater

&as#ing and drying" bleac#ing" and deodori*ation%

2%2%2%6

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coloring matter rom t#e extruded oil%

2%2%2%9 T#e purpose o deodori*ation is to remoe unpleasant odor and laour to oils% T#e operation s#ould

be operated at lo&er temperatures% T#e deodori*er is itted &it# #eating coils" and a acuum is applied%

Measured amounts o oil are c#arged into it" and t#e oil is #eated to t#e desired temperature at ic#

deodori*ation is carried out% .team is in0ected in t#e operating coils% 4t t#e end o t#is operation" oil is

dumped by graity into a cooling tank" ic# is maintained at t#e same pressure as t#e deodori*er% 4ter

t#is inal step o reining" t#e odorless" transparent and neutrali*ed oil is ready or packaging%

#Plant &escription#.1Production capacity0T#e plant e)uipped &it# t#e mac#inery and e)uipment outlined in section 8%9 o t#is proposal" operating 29

#ours (8 s#its! a day" 23 days a mont#" is capable o producing 63,,'3,,, tons o #ig# )uality egetable oil

per mont#%

#.a( Materials0Copra" seasame seed" palm ruit" ground nut (peanut!" rapeseed" sunlo&er seed" salo&er seed"

corngern"cotton and soybean%

T#e oil content o t#e oil'bearing egetable materials is as ollo&s5

Oil *earing Material Oil content 12

Copra :3':;

.easame .eed 3,'33

Palm 7ernel 93'3,

?roundnut (Peanut! 93'3,

Rapeseed 9,'93

.unlo&er seed 83'93

corngern 83'93

Cotton .eed 6;'2,

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#.#Manpo(er e!uired0

a( Material Input /apacity

3Tone4%hrs5

Persons46hift

Operator Engineer Total

Palm 7ernel 3, 3 6 :

6,, : 6 @

63, ; 6 +

2,, 6, 6 66

Copra 3, ; 6 +

6,, 6, 6 66

63, 62 6 68

2,, 69 6 63

Peanut Cotton .eed

.unlo&er .eed

Castor nut

Rapeseed

6,, 6, 6 66

63, 62 6 68

2,, 69 6 63

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#.%Machinery 7 E!uipment0

Item 6et

/ucket Eleator

Aibrating .creen 2

Aegetable seed Crus#er 6

3'.tage 4utomatic .team 7ettle 6'2

Crude Cake or Residue Cooker 6

.cre& Coneyor :

Bry Run /in 6

Float eel Control Pump 6

Feed Pump 6

=ater .upply and Brainage Facility 6

Cooling To&er 6

Heating .ystem 6

Hot =ater Tank 2

4gitator and Motor 8

/elt Coneyor 2

Electroagnetic Bisc#arge /elt 6

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Item 6et

.lurry Tank 6

Birty Oily Tank 6

Beodori*ed Oil Tank 6

4cid Oil .torage Tank 6

#.'Information e!uired for the 6et 8p of 9n Oil 7 atE+pelling and efining Processing Plant0

8%3%6 Ra& material )uality analysis inormation

8%3%2 T#e plant ciil structure design dra&ing%

8%3%8 T#e lo& c#art design o manuacturing process%

8%3%9 T#e lo& c#art and storage layout or ra& material and inis#ed products%

8%3%3 T#e layout o ole plant e)uipment%

8%3%: T#e electricity supply and installation diagram%

8%3%@ T#e oundation diagram o e)uipment%

8%3%; T#e operation rame mec#anism design%

8%3%+ T#e &ater supply and piping system installation diagram%

8%3%6, T#e steam boiler and system and installation diagram%

8%3%66 T#e manpo&er arrangement inormation%

8%3%62 T#e electricity po&er arrangement inormation%

8%3%68 T#e inestment and cost analysis inormation%

8%3%69 T#e market analysis inormation%

8%3%63 T#e operation instruction and trouble s#ooting in processing and tec#nical inormation%

8%3%6: T#e maintenance tec#nical inormation%

8%3%6@ To be isited t#e production plant to understand t#e actual practice%

#.)Plant 6ite Planning0

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T#e location o t#e plant can #ae a crucial eect on t#e proitability o t#e pro0ect and t#e scope or uture

expansion% Many actors must be considered en selecting a suitable site% T#e principle ones to consider

are5

8%:%6 Proximity o material supply market and product consumer market%

8%:%2 Transportation acilities%

8%:%8 4ailability o utilities5 =ater" uel" electric po&er

8%:%9 4ailability o labor

8%:%3 ocation not too close to metro area%

For t#e purpose o economical inestment" t#e plant s#ould be built &it# steel rame or &it# concrete but be

ready or reconditioning or uture deelopment% T#e #eig#t bet&een eery t&o stairs s#ould consider piping

engineering and air lo& system and s#ould be at least 9%3M% 1n order or t#e uture deelopment" t#e area

o t#e oil reining plant s#ould #ae enoug# unoccupied area or deelopment o t&ice o t#e capacity% T#e

plant s#ould #ae good drainage system to aoid contamination o &ater" good air lo& system to aoid

&etting and a suitable &idt# o aisle space or conenient processing%

#. Electricity Po(er e!uirement0

a( Material Input /apacity

3Tons4%hrs5

Electricity Po(er 3:(5

Palm 7ernel 3, 9,3

6,, @,8

63, +@9

2,, 68;6

Copra 3, 9:8

6,, +@9

63, 682,

2,, 6;,,

Peanut" Cotton seed

.unlo&er seed"

Castor nut

Rapeseed

6,, +68

63, 62:@

2,, 6@23

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%6uppliers Information.#an) Der 1ndustries Co%" td

Taiepe =orld Trade Center

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