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Editorial NotesSource: The Advocate of Peace (1894-1920), Vol. 75, No. 1 (JANUARY, 1913), pp. 5-7Published by: World Affairs InstituteStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20666599 .

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1913 THE ADVOCATE OF PEACE. 5

years, beginning in 1882. These services constitute one

of the most luminous pages in our country's history, and had much to do with bringing to an end "The Cen

tury of Dishonor" in our treatment of the Indian.

About 1894, or a little earlier, when the movement

for international arbitration and peace began to take on

a larger development and assume a more practical char

acter than had theretofore been possible, Mr. Smiley conceived the idea of starting at Mohonk a series of

conferences on international arbitration like the Indian

conferences, which were then a dozen years old. The

first of the arbitration conferences, the story of which

is told by Mr. Mead on another page, was called to

gether by him in 1895, the first week in June. Only fifty-six of those invited were present, but because of

the eminence of the men and the high character of the

discussions the experiment was a success, and he con

tinued yearly thereafter to hold similar conferences, in

viting to them men prominent in different callings from

all parts of the nation. The eighteenth in the series was held last May, and attended by about three hun

dred guests, as all the later conferences were.

The Mohonk conferences limited themselves from the

start, in accordance with Mr. Smiley^ wish, to the sub

ject of arbitration, or closely allied topics, such as the

Hague Conferences, an International High Court of

Justice, etc. It gave large attention in the earlier years to the subject of an Anglo-American Treaty of Arbitra

tion and a Permanent International Tribunal of Arbi

tration. In later years, while it kept up its emphasis oil these points, so far as remained necessary, it turned

its attention more and more to treaties of unlimited arbi

tration and to an International High Court of Justice.

It was, however, found practically impossible to keep the subject of the present overgrown armaments out of

the conferences, because it was early realized that the

international rivalry in armaments is one of the most

serious and stubborn of all the obstacles to the progress of the very principle for which Mohonk was contending. And it is interesting to remember that the Mohonk

meetings which were the most enthusiastic and power ful of all, were the very ones in which the "armed peace" was frankly discussed and openly arraigned.

Mohonk, as created by Mr. Smiley's large-heartedness,

generosity, and breadth of view, has been one of the

greatest, if not the very greatest agency in the nation

in pushing forward the movement for the establishment

of good-will and law in place of brute force and war

among the nations of the world. It has been peculiarly influential in winning the serious attention of public

men to the movement for the pacific settlement of inter

national controversies. It is a great satisfaction to

know that Mr. Smiley has provided for the continuance,

through his brother, Mr. Daniel Smiley, and family, of

these conferences until the cause of arbitration is finally won, and the system of war is succeeded by a system of

conscience, reason, good-will, and impartial justice among the members of the great family of nations.

A. D. Call's Services to the Peace Cause in Connecticut.

At a recent meeting of the executive committee of the Connecticut Peace Society the following minute was

adopted in reference to the work of Mr. Arthur Deerin Call while president of that Society:

In accepting the ^resignation of Mr. Arthur Deerin Call as president of the Connecticut Peace Society, the executive committee wish to place on record their pro found appreciation of his wise, efficient, and untiring efforts in behalf of the cause of peace, both in Connect icut and the nation. We regret exceedingly to miss him from our councils

and our immediate work, while we sincerely congratu late him upon his advancement to the office of executive director of the American Peace Society, an office for which his previous interests and record have especially prepared him. Through his efforts as chairman of the executive committee the New England Arbitration and Peace Congress, in the arrangement and execution of its program, was a pronounced success.

Upon the reorganization of the Connecticut Peace Society on April 24, 1906, Mr. Call became its presi dent. From that day until his acceptance of his new office, we wish in this cordial way to recognize how con tinually he has had our cause in his mind, and how heartily and graciously, as our leader, he has com mended our work to individuals, to schools, to churches, to commercial bodies, to men's brotherhoods, and through the newspapers. He has always spoken sanely, directly, interestingly in behalf of our work. He has already written such articles as to interest the public at large and to commend him to the thinking men and women of the peace movement.

In our loss we rejoice in the large gain of influence which his tried efficiency brings to his new work.

Eespectfully submitted, Rodney W. Rotjstdy, Chas. E. Thompson,

For the Executive Committee.

Editorial Notes. Arbitration of Agreement has been reached be Pecuniary tween our Government and that of

Great Britain as to the composition of the tribunal for the arbitration of pecuniary claims, as

provided for in the special arrangement recently ratified

by the two governments. Sir Charles Fitzpatrick, Chief Justice of Canada, will represent Great Britain, and Chandler P. Anderson, counselor of the Department of

State, will represent the United States. The third member of the tribunal will be chosen by these two, and will not be a citizen of either the United States or of

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6 THE ADVOCATE OF PEACE. January,

Great Britain. Cecil J. B. Hurst, of the British Foreign Office, will be chief counsel for Great Britain, and Ed

mund L. Newcombe, Canadian Deputy Minister of Jus

tice, will be associated with him. Severo Mallet

Prevost, of New York, will be chief counsel for the

United States. Eobert Lansing, one of counsel for the

United States in the fisheries arbitration and the Alaska

boundary arbitration, will be associated with him. The

amount claimed on both sides amounts to about four

million dollars, and a schedule of these claims has

already been agreed upon. The treaty under which this

tribunal is created provides that all outstanding claims

between the two countries shall be submitted to arbitra

tion, and a supplemental schedule may be submitted to

the tribunal before it meets.

On the 24th of November a special

the War International Socialist Congress was

held at Basel, Switzerland, for the pur

pose of considering the ways and means of preventing a general European war. Though the notice of the

Congress was sent out from the International Socialist

Bureau in Brussels less than twenty days in advance,

yet over 500 delegates, representing all the countries of

Europe except Servia, gathered at the meeting. Eighty came from Germany, one hundred and twenty from

France, sixty from Austria, thirty-six from Eussia, and

thirteen from Great Britain. Telegrams poured in from

all parts of Europe expressing approval of the purpose of the Congress. Among the prominent Socialist lead ers present were Bebel and Kautsky, from Germany; Dr. Adler, from Austria; Mr. Jaures, from France; Keir Hardy, from England, and Troelstra, from Hol land. The Cantonal government of Basel, through its

president, Dr. Blocher, not only welcomed the guests, but presented an address in which it welcomed the efforts to stay the "murderous war" and to "sharpen the con

sciences" of mankind. The large town hall was placed at the disposal of the Congress, and the great barracks

courtyard as a place of meeting for the street demon

stration. The final meeting was held in the Minster, which had been offered for the purpose, and from its

pulpit the speakers uttered their messages. The only

subject treated by the Congress was "The international situation and common action against the war." A man

ifesto of great length, drawn up by a small committee of the most prominent delegates, and supported at a

public meeting by Hardy, Jaures, and Dr. Adler, was

unanimously adopted after the national groups had ex

plained their points of view. The manifesto demands the formation of a Balkan federation, including Turkey, as the only rational solution of the Balkan question; it

urges the Socialist parties of Austria and Eussia to

counteract the mischievous efforts of their diplomatists; it invites the Socialist parties of Great Britain and Ger

many to insist upon a limitation of naval armaments and the abolition of the right of capture of private prop

erty at sea, and to work in general for a good under

standing between their countries; it calls upon the work ers of all countries to unite in solid opposition to the

imperialism of the day and to work for peace, and it warns the governments that in view of the present tem

per of the working class they cannot provoke war with

out danger to themselves. These Socialists represent many millions of like

minded men in the countries of Europe who are opposed to a general war or a war of any kind, and the govern

ments, if they are wise, will pay good heed to the voice

which has gone out from Basel.

At the dinner given in his honor

Privilege in ̂ew ^0T^ 011 December 14, by the American committee for the celebra

tion of .the hundredth anniversary of peace among

English-speaking peoples, Ambassador Bryce, who is soon to leave this country, declared that never before had the feeling of friendship between his country and ours been closer than in the last two years. That Can ada and the United States, rival nations on the same

continent, had lived in concord for a hundred years was one of the world's testimonials to what had been done in the cause of international peace.

UI count it as high a privilege," he said, "as a man can enjoy to have been permitted to work for peace during these six years, and not only for peace between our two nations, that of the British Empire and that of the United States, but also for peace between all the nations of the world. You propose to invite to your celebration members and representatives of other great peoples and races. That is right. There is nothing exclusive in the friendship that we of the various branches of the English stock have for one another. Let your invitation include those other peoples?Ger mans, of whom you have so many here, excellent citizens; Frenchmen, with whom you have ancient ties of re

gard; men from Scandinavia and Italy and Spain. Let the celebration be the means of assuring all the great nations of your and our desire to be good friends with them no less than with one another, and of our hope that the bonds of friendship and the league of peace will be extended to include them all."

Theodore On November 22 the appointment Marburg. of Theodore Marburg^ of Baltimore,

as Minister to Belgium was announced

by the Department of State at Washington, and he has

already entered upon his official duties at Brussels. Mr. Marburg succeeds, at the Belgian post, Larz Ander

son, who has been made Ambassador to Japan. Within the last five or six years Mr. Marburg has become

widely known as an active worker in the cause of in

ternational arbitration and peace. He has spoken on

the subject at Mohonk, at the National Peace Con

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1913 THE ADVOCATE OF PEACE. 7

gresses, and at the conferences of the Society for the

Judicial Settlement of Disputes, of which he is the sec

retary. He has also written a number of valuable

peace pamphlets. He was one of the founders of the

Maryland Peace Society, and has been its president from the beginning. He was the chairman of the com

mittee which organized the Third National Peace Con

gress at Baltimore in May, 1911, and it was largely due

to his energy and generosity that the success of the

Congress was so marked. He has been an active mem

ber of the American Peace Society for several years, and for the past year a member of its board of directors,

representing the Maryland Peace Society. At Brussels

Mr. Marburg will find the Bureau of the Interparlia

mentary Union, under the efficient direction of Dr. C. L.

Lange; also the Central Bureau of International Soci

eties, headed by Senator Henri La Fontaine, who is

also president of the International Peace Bureau. With

these eminent pacifists, as well as at the Belgian court, he will find ample opportunity to aid in the promotion of the great movement in which he is so deeply inter

ested. Mr. Marburg carries with him to his new field

the heartiest congratulations of his peace coworkers in

this country and their best wishes for his success as the

official representative of his country and ours at the

Belgian capital.

A Great None of the important weekly maga Weekly Paper. zjneg ̂ ^ co^py jiave done more

loyal and useful service to the cause of international arbitration and peace than The Inde

pendent. For several years past it has been advocating and supporting all the most advanced measures for the

supplanting of war and the spirit out of which it

springs by an international order based on mutual re

spect, co-operation, and law. Mr. Hamilton Holt, one

of our leading American pacifists, who has been the

managing editor of The Independent, has now pur chased the paper and become its publisher and propri etor. The course which has been followed by the paper in supporting the cause of arbitration and peace will be

continued by Mr. Holt, who, indeed, has been the mov

ing spirit in its peace policy heretofore. The Inde

pendent in other respects is one of the ablest weekly

magazines of the United States. Many place it at the

very top of the list. The address is 130 Fulton street, New York city.

What the Peace Organizations Are

Doing. The New York Intercollegiate Peace Association is

offering a first prize of $200 and a second prize of $100 for the best orations on subjects connected with Inter national Peace by undergraduate male students in the

colleges and universities of the State of New York.

Prizes of $25 each are also offered for the best orations delivered in the local contests of the several competing

.

colleges and universities. The State contest will take place in the auditorium of the City College, New York, Friday evening, March 14, 1913, at 8.15 p. m. The prizes are offered by Mrs. Elmer Black through the New York Peace Society, 507 Fifth avenue, to which requests for information about the conditions of the contest should be addressed.

A Branch of the American Peace Society is in process of formation at Youngstown, Ohio, and will be ready to be announced shortly. Its creation is due to the efforts of Bev. Dr. J. W. Van Kirk, who has been twice around the world in the interests of world brotherhood. The president of the Society will be Dr. N. H. Chaney, superintendent of schools; the secretary, Dr. J. W. Van

Kirk; the treasurer, Ezra Chadwick; the vice-presidents, E. L. Brown, Bobert Bentley, A. E. Adams, John Stam baugh, W. A. Maline, Bernard Hirshberg, and Bev. W. H. Hudnut, all prominent citizens; the executive com

mittee, W. B. Leonard, Dudley B. Kennedy, Frank L. Oesch, and Bev. E. B. Havighurst.

The executive of the Austrian Peace Society has es tablished in Vienna, at 4 Spiegelgasse, a Suttner League, in honor of the Baroness von Suttner, and to strengthen and perpetuate her lifework. The general secretary of the League is Andrea Hofer-Proudfoot.

The quarterly report for December, 1912, of the ex ecutive committee of the American Association for In ternational Conciliation informs us that since the last report they have published "The Double Standard in

Begard to Fighting," by Prof. George M. Stratton, of the University of California; "As to Two Battleships," from the speeches in the House of Eepresentatives on the Naval Appropriation Bill of Hon. Finly H. Gray, Hon. James B. Mann, and Hon. William Kent, and "The

Cosmopolitan Club Movement," by Louis P. Lochner, editor of the Cosmopolitan Student. The Association has increased its mailing list by the addition of the members of the German Beichstag, etc. It has been asked to supply its pamphlets to certain traveling libra ries and reformatory libraries. It has co-operated with the New York Library Club in considering the relation of libraries to the peace movement.

Dr. J. J. Hall, director of the South Atlantic States

Department of the American Peace Society, sent out, at the first of December, the following request to the ministers of his section of the country to observe a Sun

day in the month as Peace Sunday: "Every preacher is earnestly asked to select some one

Sunday during the month of December and preach a sermon in behalf of universal peace.

"We have recently seen that the horrors of war are as terrible as ever. We have seen that in the slaughter of human life, the sufferings of the wounded, the hatred

shown, the destruction of property, the anguish of women and children, war is still war.

"Surely it is high time that the heralds of the Trince of Peace' should point out a better way than that of car

nage and blood to settle great international questions. "As Christmas is fast approaching, let us do what we

can to make the song of the angels, Teace on Earth/ the

happy realization of all men."

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