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1 Kumar Gaurav IIM Indore
Ignite
Education
Objective
Idea for ensuring primary education accessible to masses
Kumar Gaurav GuptaIIm Indore
2 Kumar Gaurav IIM Indore
Snapshot: Status of Primary education
87.23 % schools are located in the rural areas
91 percent of the total primary schools are located in rural areas
Uttar Pradesh with highest no. of districts has highest no of schools
65.67 % are independent primary schools
83.14 % of the total schools are government run school GPI of 0.92 in Primary
About 48 % (15,791 schools) of the total schools without enrolment are the Primary schools
1.29 % primary schools have no teacher and another 16.58 % are single teacher schools
Pupil teacher ration of 76:1
Structure Of the total schools opened since 1994-95, about 68.28 % were primary schools and most of these also had their school building
71.31% primary schools have pucca buildings as compared to 9.47% having partially pucca and another 1.98 % kuchcha buildings
Have an average of 2.7 instructional rooms Least percentage (66.07) of good classrooms and 23.01 % classrooms needed minor repairs and 10.92 % major repairs 42 Students per classroom, higher than other types of schools
1.29 % primary schools have no teacher and another 16.58 % are single teacher schools 81.12 % primary schools have drinking water facility in school
Infrastructure
Source: Based on research done by DISE in 11,24,033 schools, 2006
Second Largest Education System in the World
Increase in Expenditure as % of GDP
In spite of the adoption of 'mission mode' to universalize
elementary education, the dropout rate
continues to be high
3 Kumar Gaurav IIM Indore
Increase in Enrolment But Dropout remains high…
According to official sources, the dropout rate at the primary level (Class I to V) for girls is 33.72% and for boys it is 35.5%
Dropout rates are even more alarming at the elementary level (Class I to VIII) where 53.45% of girls and 52.28% of boys drop out of school
4 Kumar Gaurav IIM Indore
Hence, Key Pain Points and Possible Options…
Poor Economic Condition
Low awareness among parents
Perceived Opportunity Cost is High
Lack of Community Pressure
Inadequate Facilities
Large disbursal of allocated Funds without any
supervision
Make it affordable: Micro financing could be one solution
Educate Parents
Complement primary education with vocational
training
Build Community Ownership, Community based Schools
Partner with an Entrepreneur /Private Investor
Collaborative Partnership with Private Player
5 Kumar Gaurav IIM Indore
There has been already one business model…
Introduction Won the Social Enterprise track of the annual HBS Business Plan contest in 2003 3 Founders:
Harvard Business School MBA '03 students Raj De Datta, Arvind Krishnamurthy, and Meghna Modi
Genesis of Gyaana
Two observations Critical importance of education as the building block of any initiative to empower the poor and
the equally critical importance of available credit to allow poorer families to invest in their future
Absence of application of concepts of microfinance to the problems of education
Business Model Brokering microfinance loans to families in the service of keeping schoolchildren in the classroom Three Phases:
I Phase: Formal education from Classes VI – VIII
II Phase: Two years of vocational training
III Phase: Asking the children to pay back loans with accrued interest
Current Status: No information available on Internet
Case Study: Gyaana
6 Kumar Gaurav IIM Indore
Proposed Solution
Objective
Solution for providing good quality primary education to the masses, at the lowest possible price
Proposed Solution
A chain of primary schools operating on collaborative model where all the stake holders have fractional ownership*
Entrepreneur
Government
Micro-Finance Organization
Community
*the focus is on providing quality education and reduce drop outs
7 Kumar Gaurav IIM Indore
Proposed Solution: Key Characteristics
Fractional ownership of the trust that owns the chain of schools. Stakeholders involved:
Private Players Private Players
Brings money and operational experience Ensures there is transparency in operations Also ensures that infrastructure is well placed Owns majority of stakes
Government Government
Through Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan Initiative* would ensure that following regulations are followed:
It (society/trust) shall ensure that the school is run as a community service and not as a business and that commercialization does not take place in the school in any shape whatsoever. It shall ensure that the funds accruing from the school are spent for the benefit of the school and for its expansion.
Assists in development of school through both financial incentives such as subsidies in land etc and other operational helps such as recruitment of teachers etc Performs sanity check and prevents any wrong doing
Micro Finance Organization
Micro Finance Organization
Partnership to provide education loan through community lending or SHGs
CommunityCommunity
Even the small section owns some stakes This could be done through performing their bit , for instance some one can help in building toilets. The economic benefits from the same can be translated in stakes. This would develop a feeling of belongingness and would initiate cycle of educating a community at large about the benefits of education
Please refer to appendix slide
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Proposed Solution: Business Model
3 Stakeholders join and Build the school
School
Development Phase
Operational Phase
Microfinance organization gives education loan to parents of young students @ low interest rate
Education loan is used to pay school fees
Trustthat owns the
school
Trust pays salaries and other expenses
Government involvement ensures subsidies fees and other facilities
Teacher Training school operated in partnership with Govt. and private
player to prepare teachers from the same community
Hence, over a period of time this would become a self sustaining cycle
Even teachers comes from the same community hence, income generated is going
back in the system
Option to go for vocational
training
9 Kumar Gaurav IIM Indore
Proposed Solutions
Target Segment
Based on the data provided by government, rural areas should be the real beneficiary of the proposed solution
Community based model inline with govt. initiative of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan The model can also be replicated in backward areas of urban regions The fees would be in the range of Rs. 50-150*.
Benefits Affordable and quality education to masses Adequate facilities Ownership also ensures higher participation and
accountability Optimum Teacher to pupil ratio Efficient utilization of government funds Increase in self-confidence Community development
*Completely based on market benchmarks and may vary on calculations
Challenges
Managing multiple parties as owners may be difficult
Educating people to send their kids to school taking education loans may be difficult Novelty of idea may result in friction initially
Exactly a bottom of pyramid opportunity , hence high potential but would take considerable time to materialize
Exactly a bottom of pyramid opportunity , hence high potential but would take considerable time to materialize
10 Kumar Gaurav IIM Indore
Proposed Solution: Pilot and Roll Out
List from DISE
As per the report “Elementary education in India: progress towards universal elementary education 2006-07 (2008), following states should be targeted:
Top Five Kerala, Puducherry, Delhi, Tamil Nadu, and Chandigarh were the top five performing States
Bottom Five Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Arunachal Pradesh and Assam took the bottom five places
Government Support
Enrollment Ratios
Market Feasibility
Pilot should be in Kerala and then expand to MP
11 Kumar Gaurav IIM Indore
Appendix
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
An effort to universalize elementary education by community-ownership of the school system. It is in response to the demand for quality basic education all over the country
The SSA programme is also an attempt to provide an opportunity for improving human capabilities to all children, through provision of community-owned quality education in a Mission mode
Two Tier Structure