EEB Waste Report 2012

7/30/2019 EEB Waste Report 2012

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Thrig thchc t irt ic?

P r od u c t & w a s t e P ol i c y

an mnn h w Fm dv

2008/98/ec npn n p mpmnn.

euroPes larGest FederatioN oFeNViroNMeNtal citiZeNs orGaNisatioNs

P u B l i s H e d B y e e B a P r i l 2 0 1 2


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A report conducted by the European Environmental Bureau

Thanks

EEB Members who contributed to this report through the survey

die umweltberatung sterreich (Eco Counselling Austria) -

Austria

Environmental Association Za Zemiata (For the Earth) - Bulgaria

- Ecological Recycling Society -

Greece

Edition

EEB April 2012

2012 European Environmental Bureau (EEB).

Publisher EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENTAL BUREAU (EEB)

Boulevard de Waterloo 34,

B-1000 Brussels, Belgium

Tel +32 2 289 1090 Fax +32 2 289 1099

E-mail [email protected]

Authors

Angeliki Malizou, Stephane Arditi

Editor responsible

Jeremy Wates (EEB Secretary General)

Editor in Chief

Alison Abrahams (EEB Communications Ofcer)

This publication is part-nanced by the European Union, the FrenchMinistry of Environment MEDTL and the Norwegian government. Sole

responsibility lies with the authors and the donors are not responsible

for any use that may be made of the information contained herein.

THROWING AWAY THE CHANCE TO IMPROVE WASTE POLICY

2 AN EXAMINATION OF THE WASTE FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE 2008/98/EC TRANSPOSITION AND WASTE POLICY IMPLEMENTATION


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AN EXAMINATION OF THE WASTE FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE 2008/98/EC TRANSPOSITION AND WASTE POLICY IMPLEMENTATION3

ConTenTs

ev smm .............................................................#5

1.0 Bgn n m .........................................................#6

2.0 t n mhg .......................................................#9

3.0 an cnn ........................................................#11

3.1 H b h pp mpmnn

n h nmn p? .............................#11

3.2 smm mmnn ........................................#16

3.3 wh n h gp bn h

vn n vn Mmb s?

sv n Mmb s vgn

n v nng. .............................................

#

193.4 smm mmnn ........................................

#22

3.5 an nh, mb bnng hh.

H nb ? rg n

hn nn- v nng. ...................#25

3.6 smm mmnn ........................................#30

4.0 Mn n ...............................................................#32

5.0 ch n g ...........................................................#33

6.0 Fn ........................................................................#34


4/36


5/36

a h m h p bng ,

mmn b h epn cmmn h

mpmnn n nmn ng

p 215M co2 vng, h n

400000 b n nn vng p 72 bn 1.

cmpmnng p n n h m

w p mpmnn, h eeB n v

mng mmb v n h n 2011 gh

vn n h h ppn bng n h

m h w Fm dv npn.

th n nng m mmnn

h nb ng h mn h

pn ng h n hgh:

H b h pp mpmnn n

rct p?

wh n th g bn h vn

n vn Mmb s?

th n w Fm dv n n

mpv, mb n iig hirrch. H

nb ?



executiVe suMMary

l mmnn

Iu

H b h pp mpmnn

n nmn p?

wh n h gp bn

h vn n vn Mmb

s?

th n w Fm dv

n n nh, mb

bnng hh. H nb ?

Rcti

enn h ng b h epn cmmn

rgn h v ppn n ng h v

mnng v: Pvnv h hn pnhng mh nng mpn

enb v p n p g v - cng

mmn ngg bn h

Mvng m p ng- cv h gn

pph mn h gp bn Ms

cnn ng n n mn hm

innng p n

a b p hng bn Mmb s

s p n h h h

Hmnz ng , n g bgn b Ms.

a b p lct mhg h ppn h

mn hh.

sng tg pvnn, n b ng

cn h -nnn/-png

emb p pnp nn eu nng.

Pmn n mngmn

an n nnn

Hmnzn n mh n n.


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BackGrouNdaNd aiMs

Policy coNtext oF tHe rePort

thgh h p, h eeB p h triti

h v w Fm dv (wFd)2 n

h pgh, h v itti

epn p. th p pmp b h

eu n n h ng-nng pp

mpmnn h q, h hn pp

n gn.

th p gg mmn h h

npn n bhn h n nmb epn Mmb s h n

pp h g bgn. th dv

n n nnvv hh, m hn n wFd

n h p, nn pph n n ng

bh nvnmn pn n hmn hh,

nng h h epn p. th wFd

h - n 1975 (cn dv 75/442/eec) -

g n n a 1

i, nm to protect the environment and human

health by preventing or reducing the adverse impacts o

the generation and management o waste and by reducing

overall impacts o resource use and improving the eciencyo such uses.

th nghn b h bn n nh,

5 v, t hirrch h p hh n

bgn n n h eu Mmb s b n

m h epn inn3. Fn, h v

wFd pv g m b h bn

nn mngmn n h

mpmnn p b nhnng h n

h rticiti th cii cit.

ratioNale-wHy Has tHe eeB Produced tHis rePort?

th vn epn unn h n mngmn h pvn b - p h pg

hv - hngng n v, hgh h

ng h dv n 1975. on h p,

v h n nng nmb nn

bn h mmnn bn pp

p mpmnn, hh, n p h v

nvnmn mpvmn n pv gnn -

nm bn. a n mp, p b Fn

h eh m h v 500 000 b hv bn

h n ng 4.

Today in the EU, each person consumes 16 tonnes omaterials annually, o which 6 tonnes are wasted, with

hal going to landfll5

FiGure 1: How MucH caN recycliNG coNtriBute to coNsuMPtioN6


6AN EXAMINATION OF THE WASTE FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE 2008/98/EC TRANSPOSITION AND WASTE POLICY IMPLEMENTATION

1.0


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BackGrouNd studies aNd literature

sn h pn h epn gn

h hv bn nmb ng n h

mpmnn p. th mn ppng

h p n h n n.

th p pv m NGo v h v

hng, mpmn m h

p hh mn n Mmb s v

n .

oBjectiVes

th mn bv igit igu t th

nGo cuit, th eU itituti tkhr

i i t gt. amng h

nnvn h n wFd h qmn v

nvvmn. th, h eeB h hn

p h pn pv b n NGo n

p h b h v nbn

h mpmnn p. th p nn

v bm h v ppn

ngg h n hng n n ppn n

pp NGo mmn ppn . i nn pv m g n p v n

n v ppn n pb

hp b mpmnn.

MaiN coNcerNs

th ng h nn b p n h p.

th pn h h h ppn

nbn m v .

H b h pp mpmnn n

rct p?

wh n h ng gp bn h

Mmb s? th n w Fm dv n n

mpv, mb iig hirrch. H

nb ?


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9/36

2.0



th ng h n h

mpn h p:

oNliNe surVey

wh ng pn n h p n

b n m hn 140 nn mmb

gnzn, h eeB pmp ngg

mmbhp n v h n Ms v.

th v ng h () npn

p bn Mh n ag 2011. ahgh n m

h n m hv hng, h mn nng nnh vn h p bng .

data collectioN

B qng p n h gnn n mn

p m nn h

vb p n n m

m h pp ng b h .

actiVe ParticiPatioN

Ppng n epn cmmn h

nn n n n n ppn

n n h h v pph b gvb h mgng nn h h n

n h pb ng bn n

.

oFFicial rePorts MoNitoriNG aNd aNalysis

dng h ppn h p n

p mpmnn pbh. th

m v n h h h

bn m h ngh n nng. Hr, ur i

i t t rt thir ig ut t cctrt

ctr ig r t cri

rut i th rrt.

tools aNdMetHodoloGy


10/36


11/36

3.1 How To boosT THe pRopeRImplemenTaTIon and THeenoRCemenT o wasTe polICy?


aNalysisoF coNcerNs

Itti

eu cmmn

Mmb s

brrir

s nmng h cmmn n b mpmnn: ng b

l n n/

F hgh , n pn nm/nn/ bn

inq mngmn

cmp h nn: m-v gvnmn

dn pnb mngmn

envnmn h ng h p mn n

cnn nn

l n

sp : mn v nng mpmnn

taBle 1: Barriers to Full iMPleMeNtatioN For eu coMMissioN aNd For MeMBer states8


3.03.1.1 key Barriers to eFFectiVe eNForceaBility aNd

uNiForM eNForceMeNt -

aNalysis oF issues aNd rePort FiNdiNGs:

th epn cmmn h pbh v

n h ep mn m hvng pm

mngmn. w p nn p m

vvng nmpn pn. Hv, mn nn

hv m nmn . i mn h

mp h h h cmmn h

gn n w impmnn agn

n p. wh h pn n bng

hng h h pn7, h

p b n v, n

n q. P nmn m

n n ng m mb p nm mp h g vn r en

ep n ng epn .


12/36

3.1.2 eNForceMeNt/eNForceaBility jeoPardiZed By

tHe Multi-leVel coMPeteNcies

w mn h mpn h epn unn

n Mmb s. wh h pn h w

dv n 1975, epn gv pn

gmn p, hng p nng hn

h mpn h eu. dv hv bn m

h m ppp gv h pp

gng.

th gv eu Mmb s fb n h npnn mpmnn p. th npn

nhn hb h nb n h

nmn p. rgng h nb,

mg p h g m h

gv pn n npn. wh h

nmn bng n ng h npn

n hng mpmnn.

Fng h gv pn, h nn n

bv h g q np n

mpmn g hh h nh h

n h ng. N bng h bgnn hh h gn b, h nn n pp

h ng g npn gn, h

g mgh v n m h n f h

p h . in h h v wFd, Guidelines

on the interpretation o key provisions o the Directive

2008/98/ECn n j 2011 n mp

h . nrth thi rt iu

h r tr th triti u t, critic

it hr th txt cu h ri u

urt t th ti gitr.

i n ph ng hnpn g. wh h h p n,

m Mmb s h gv g n

h m hn nmn n . evn

h, g b n n m

h mb vn h v wFd n h

vn recycling society.

th nmn p mmn hng

epn p.

in nn h g f mgh ng

h npn g, mmb pv

h gn h engh nn m pvn h npng h v wFd n

h nn .

anh pvn n hh mmb b

h pvn gng h ppn v .

th ng h h n h m h

Mmb s nvv v n h mng

p. Nvh, h m h pnn

b h ppn supercialhn m

ng h ppn gvn hm bnnbn

FiGure 2: How is ciVil society iNVloVed?



a g qmn n h n ng

h nn n hh gn m h hh

mngmn pn pb. th m

h pnn nm h l c thnng

(lct) h b h mn v h gn

h h m n pvn m gn

h png n h n h pb.

th, lct b np, hh ng

mhg pph. F nn, n m

-bn n n b mng h v pm

lct. th pv nn lct Mmb s nvb n nb

ng npn.


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th nnn h epn cmmn pm h

nvvmn h v n ng h hng

n h unn n b h h

ng mg p, th ticti rt r

th wt mgt p ri uk tth uic, h n pb qn h nm

. th h v p h g

nmn vp eu v. on, h

nmn , hn h hp

hng Ms n hng/ n ng

gg. th n hp v hng

n, n pp vb n m

ppn.

an, pp n h Ms alone n

h mg p h b h v

h n n n hn h b .

wht i th ticti rt k ik?

sn Nvmb 2010, h eeB h q nmn

b h mn mngmn pn

nn m. Hv, h pvn mpb

ec h m, n n h Ms.

th h n v h pvn

pp nmn/mpmnn: hng

Mmb s n h , b h

n ng Mmb s . th

pn n m n bn

ec n v , n nn b h pb Mmb s h n nmn.

cmmn. ahgh nvnmn , bng

n n nvn, nn h pn

h hh mn epn, nvnn

hn h nvn pb n n

nnng pvn h mmn m.

anh mpn pn h b pnp

ppb p mpmnn. th mn

h n n n n ec

ng h lbn t ( 337). a h ec h

n n n h Mmb s gng h

mpmnn p, nn nn h

mn pn p h nvnn. i

mpn v gn -pn h h

Ms vng h p h

ec n n mp. apng h

h n b n pb n

gv m m h Mmb s b b nng

n mn n m h pbm. in ,

n m hn h b hb n

mb n mngmn n ng .

in h h m-mpmnn h ln

dv, G n h epn c jh b n, v nng.

Hv h n hv n pvn ngh g h

nn h h ppp m.

th n b h h g n n- n

php h vb mn- phb h

. Hv, ng n g png n

gnn n h nn nn nn

m Mmb s bhv. cv , hh

h n pn h nn nn, bm

h p n h pb h

h g hn h bng n epn

m. th pnn bn ec n Ms

hgh h p h n g n n

m pb. Fhm, h nng gn n pb

mpvmn q n . th, vng

hng mpmnn b h h g

n mpb. an hn h n

h m b n n p n ng

vn. Fn, h nn n p h bnng

h n p b h Mmb s

p.

a h npn g h v wFd, h epn

cmmn h pb n m Mmb sh h m bgn png gn hm, b

n p n gng h gn h

i pm n n ph

gng pp mpp mpmnn ng h

nmn g. s, h b pv b h

ppn h h m h bhgh

hh h dv pm m n b h

n ppp nmn mhnm n

vn nmn n m.

3.1.3 coNstitutioNal coNstraiNts: are FiNes a

suFFicieNt driVer For iMProVeMeNt?enng nmn n mpmnn epn

lgn hn h m h epn


14/36

q nmn m h nn mmb

h gh . th h NGo n

mn n h ng b h eu n

b mpmnn h bn pv

ggn b h Bio ingn p Implementing

waste policy or green growth. ang h p

pn h eea p m h ec the preliminary

mapping o the implementation process by the EU MS

n mng h n, n NGo/

zn gp p b mpmnn. thn p nm h p h ng

b mpvmn NGO networks can provide

C-rti t t

c h it i t t:

i n G bh p h ppn h

epn cmmn n h n npn (h h

h) n n Np, i

n c, G.

a fuid communication between the Commission

and NGOs could be established in this regard and thecontribution o NGOs to an improvement o implementation

o waste legislation increased. th n h

n bn h epn cmmn n cv

s n b nn b Mmb s

pb.

in h , npn nmn b hng

n fxi utitr tr h h

hv . thgh h pm, NGo n nb

b nng h ng b h ec n h

Ms mn; h ec n hv nmn

b h pg m b h Ms n, n nn-

mpn, h ppp m. sh

mmnn pm n npn

n t iiti. B gnng h ppn

NGo/v mp h ng, h h

q m ppn h q m

bn mnng.

eC Cuicti g:

- th npn n h

hv bn, vn h dmb 2010

- th m h h ec vn Ms

ng npn g n m pb

- in mn g p (.g. n

hvmn), h nv p b Ms n m

pb. on n mnh

.

th m b n b mhnm hn h eu,

hh pv n n pp Ms n

mpn npn gn. M n

n h g h h npn. Fm h

n n bv h h mgn n

Mmb s p, mm b.

th, pn n n pn hnn

mmnn bn h ec n h ng h Ms v, nng v , hgh h n

mh mhnm h h Ms n n ng


png m vb h pb. th

pph bn h epn cmmn n

h Mmb s pv h h h

h v h pb mnn p n h

nn h v h pbm b h

h ph. th, n mnn h v

nn n nvvmn n n nn bn

h npn n h mpmnn p,

mpn n h m v pnn n

ppn n h p.

th n h gv p. u trrchu ur i rcur.

3.1.4 tHe liMitatioNs oF tHe kNowledGe Basis oF tHe

euroPeaN coMMissioN at tHe traNsPositioN aNd

iMPleMeNtatioN staGe

th mnn b b n

h bh nn n epn v

mnn nn nn n pn.

cv , h mn pn n n pb

p, p n h. B pmng pvnv

mmnn NGo hv n nmv

h ec. NGo ng epn v -p

FiGure 3: eNViroNMeNt: iNFriNGeMeNt cases By

sector (juNe 20)

intelligence on specic issues that might otherwise

be dicult to assess,nng h


nature

liability

chemicals

air

information

micellaneous

water

impact waste

impact nature

impact assessmentswaste

(79) 21%

(1) 0%

(33) 9%

(40) 11%

(3) 1%

(1) 0%

(89) 24%

(1) 0%

(4) 1%

(38) 10%(86) 23%


15/36



3.1.5 iNsPectioNs, tHe core oF eNForceMeNt

Fh hn h mpvmn n h png g,

p nmn mn h m hngng

ph. th q npn n bh qv

n qnv pm.

in mn h npn n nmn b

h h gn mpn n n

vbn gn. a h m m, h n n

h v wFd hgh v mbn n

nnvn hh n h n npnb n p n n npn b. on p

h, npn b q p ng n

n h np mvmn g n

v hn h eu, hh n bng hm

m gn n nh Mmb s. a

p mpvmn b vp

eur icti tr. sh n

b m nbn h iMPel (h epn

unn N h impmnn n enmn

envnmn l) pv mmn

ngg n h pb p m mpb

.

dng h ngng n, nng npn

mn hgh n. NGo n v hv

p n ng h n p mpnng

h . th hppn

n p-nng v hp nn npn

h n. P-nng v nb

h NGo/ v n pn

n n n h mpn h

h n hn v n h nvg. opnng

p h n pz nng h v gp n

h h hp hm vp mmnngg hn nng h h n mmn

p n h m pn ph. th ppn

n -h n pp mpmnn - hp

h p n pv m v p-nng

v m b n .

th pb nmn n h pg h

npn n h h h mn nn n h n

n h m pbm n gh v hm.

diitig irti th triti tg

vn, n h ngh p nmn

q, pv m npn n h p

n gv h pb v n n b

nb.

h npn p n h mn mpn

h h p h dv. th h b b n

h h npn nn n h h

ppp p v p n mn h

n h nn h b pv.


16/36

3.2 sUmmaRy oReCommendaTIons

3.2.1 exteNsioN oF tHe kNowledGe Basis oF tHe

euroPeaN coMMissioN

opnng mmnn hnn bn

v n h epn inn, h

bng bn Ms pb, h

n m h n ng n nqn

pn n.

ebhng m mmnn pm

h nng bh fb n

npn gng h mn n

ng h n h v m

p n m Ms.

3.2.2 reGulatioN oF tHe ciVil society ParticiPatioN

aNd FacilitatiNG tHe ciVil society MoNitoriNG

actiVity

dnng m mnmm NGo/v

ppn q b h v wFd.

on m vb ppng mn

h h nn m mngmn

pn n h gn pvng

npn

3.2.3 adoPtioN oF a PreVeNtiVe ratHer tHaN a

PuNisHiNG MetHod For eNsuriNG coMPliaNce

e nmn n ng hng hgh

h npn g

shng pb h n n h mgh

g png, nbng p p

b h n n vn nn mp

3.2.4 eNaBliNG ciVil society to sPot aNd rePort

illeGal actiVities- creatiNG a coMMoN laNGuaGe

BetweeN stakeHolders

invvmn NGo n nmn p-nng

v

tnng NGo gh h p n np,

ng n p

16



17/36


18/36

18 AN EXAMINATION OF THE WASTE FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE 2008/98/EC TRANSPOSITION AND WASTE POLICY IMPLEMENTATION


19/36


th ng n g hgh n

h n h gp bn Ms:

in nmb , Ms gp ng h

pmn n mngmn. on, h v

h gpng h mnmzn h nng

, nng m h m nnb

n nvnmn ggvng n

mngmn. th ln v11 99/31/ec n

g bgb gng n

75% 1995 g b 2010 n 35% b 2020.Fg 4 h png mnp h

n n h eu-27, 1995 n 2007. Fm h

gph, bv h n n h hn

m h mnn g mn m.

dn bn Mmb s v m h n

nmb pm h n, vpmn

p n m ng, mb nn

g n h . in n n h h

3.3 wHaT CoUld naRRow THeGaps beTween THe advanCedand less advanCed membeRsTaTes?selectiVe issues oN MeMBerstate diVerGeNce aNdrelated surVey FiNdiNGs

3.3.1 laNdFilliNG

a stroNG iNdicator oF Ms diVerGeNce

th eu pv n mb g nmb n

h n bgn, v pg n pn.

th n ng pn p n n

epn p n p n pn.

th nn h bn p n h the

review oh Thematic Strategy on waste h n

gz n vn, vn n nn-

vn.


FiGure 4 : PerceNtaGe oF MuNiciPal waste tHat is seNt to laNd Fill iN

tHe eu-27, 1995 aNd 200710


20/36



m m mbnn n nmn.

amng hm, nm nmn p .

enm nmn h b n nmn n

n nn hv h p pmn.

in h n, crtig eU igti r thir

hriz t hu itigt, hi

fxiiit iti t th ti

th itig th i ch ms.Note: at the time

o writing this report, a study commissioned by the EC is in

its nal stage regarding the use o economic instruments or

waste policy implementation. The results tend to show that

not only that the more advanced countries have all usedintensively economic instruments, but also that without

such instruments they would never have been to perorm as

they do12.

3.3.2 correlatioN witH aPPlied ecoNoMic

iNstruMeNts- laNdFill tax, aN exaMPle oF eco

iNstruMeNt aPPlied iN diFFereNt couNtries

enm nmn mn h

mphmn p g. in m hm,

npng ng n h

v vg h m nb pn.

th ng hv bn hn h pnv n h n

nm nmn n h eu: Bg, en,

uk n Gmn. th n h n v

m h h h f h n p h

p vvng hgh h eu.

Bulgaria: Ms h m n mpp

mn n. enm gh n h hng

nmpn pn h hv

ngv png n GdP13. d h

n n v h vn bgb

h bn 2020 h h m

vn n 2016. t, Bg nng

n hm q 3 p n n.

Estonia: F en, h GdP/ p m h

ln dv g n 2020. th n ,

ng n n g , bn 10 n 40/.

en h nng b n 50%

bn 1995 n 2007. in en mphnv

m p hg h bn n.

th hg n p n

n n hh n h

m nvnmn gn (eea, 2005). Nb

n nn m 2007 n 2008, en p

n hm gn n hn . th h h n b n n mn

n ng n mbnng n n

nmn, n n h v b n, vng h

h n b 14.

UK: bng h vn Mmb s h

bh mn n h ngng

mpv ng pmn. GdP/p

mng h hgh n h eu. th uk ln dv

g n 2016. ang h ngng hm

h n hh mn h h

p n g p b 8 v . th gvnmn hnm h h mn n p n 2013.

th mn h n b 56 n 2011, 64 n

2012, 72 n 2013.

Germany: nn n h b pmng Ms

n mngmn. GdP/ p n h hgh

n ep. Gmn h n n ; n, h

p mp bn n nng.

Bn h mp, n ieeP 15, h n

n hm pp h eu. t n g m

v n n h n n v g.


21/36



in Fb 2011 n npn, ng ng, vnmnn b n G. th m n m

gnz gp b m h n zn

h n k, ppng h nn

n pn p bg p h

gn b h 4,000,000 nhbn ahn.

th pn h n g b n 2003. Pp

ppng nn mnng nb

mngmn hh p h nn gn

h n n hg h n.

th k n h mn nnb

p h hv n p n h n

gn h pn. in nh n-n p ,

n lm n h n c, vn h

bn zn n p p

ng mn h .

Source: compiled rom Greek Press own translation

a ng, h nn m nng

m nb mngmn n h bn

g n hv hgh n hm.

Fhm, ng h ieeP, n m , h

n n n h bn v mpvmn

, mbn h n v mnzn n

mpvmn p, hh pp n

ng h bn b v.

3.3.3 wFd traNsPositioN aNd risks oF Future

diVerGeNce

i h nvgng h m n pn h Ms

np n ngg h gn h n,

bnng mn hh:

3.3.3.1 PreVeNtioN

th m h v pnn nm h

h nn gn mp b mpn h

h epn gn hh q h bn

w Pvnn Pgm (wPP) b h n 2013.

Nvh, hn m n np

n h pp h gn mh

nn wPP, n b h mmn. wh

vn Ms h gn hgh v ppn

ngg h ppn pvnn n, n hMs m n h bgn 2013 h

h mmn.

FiGure 6

FiGure 7

i h n g bv gngpvnn?

a h nmnng hm pvnn?(mnn, vnp...)

FiGure 5i h n n pvnnn


22/36



t mb n n, n mng m

Gmn n h h m dnm.

th F envnmn agn n Gmn,

o-in n wpp in cm,

envnmn n eng b n p16

p p qv n qnv

bnhm b np n

pvnn m.

in dnm, h dnh w sg17

g hhn mp ng pvnn nb g. th

sg m p n n ng

mpgn, m , pnng

p h n h h n n nn

p -png h nvnmn

gnzn n mnp. chp 2 h

sg m p n pvnn

nv n ng gnng

nvnmn n (hh, n, v

pv n ).


3.4.1 MoViNG FroM waste disPosal to recycliNG-

creatiVe use oF tHe reGioNal aPProacH as a MeaNs

to tackle tHe GaPs BetweeN Ms:

Bng p n n b p n

ng n gn b Ms pmn. ang

h m b p, ggph

b bh ng h

mgn q mn pmz

ng/v n. F mp, b, 50

000 nhbn b m b ngh mpng

pm. F nn & mn (c&d) ,

n ggg n

ng p nvmn. B ppng h p

pm pnp m n b b ng

m. o mmnn pv h gh

nm n n nn gn nn

p n, n pn ng

h ng (gig r t rccig,

rthr th gig r t icirti/

rg rcr). sh gn pph b

n bn m Mmb s/

gn h p nvmn n nn

b. e.g.: F m hz/p mn

ng p qng p nvmn,

h - vn nn h - m b

n bh n ng m pn. th

b p pgv ng h nvmn

n n p n hvmn. in, m

Mmb s/gn gh n h

mmn ng nvmn h h m b

np. th bm n mm ng pn

n nnv p n n p-mn/

mnng v. F h p mpmnn

h p nm m h ng

h m b q. priig ri

cic ciittig crti

cu cr r r th ti uthrit, r r

eur cii i th c ms crti.

3.3.4 wFd- a crasH test For PuBlic ParticiPatioN

th m h pnn h eeB

pv h g h ppn ppn n

h vpmn nn gn n p.

Hv, h p hng hn v

h q ppn. Ms pn ng

m n h h pnn, g n

nvn h mng h h,

ppnmn h h b n nq mn

mp h h. a mmn nn

b nmb Ms NGo n h

nng hh nb NGo n v bpn m nv.

FiGure 8

a hnn nnn nnvvmn hv ?


23/36


Balancing the waste treatment hierarchy and

proximity principle in a regional approach

EEB is aware o the risk o contradicting the proximity

principle, by suggesting the regional approach. But

in the perspective o reducing the gaps between MS

regarding waste management, there is a clear need to

address the resource availability and economical viability

issues. This regional approach should be deployed or

accelerating recycling possibilities and minimizing the

risk o developing incineration inrastructure which

could monopolise all o the nances available and acts

as a barrier to moving away rom incineration on the

long term. Obviously, the environmental benets o

increased recycling through regional approach should

be balanced with transportation burden. Thats also

why EEB suggests structuring this regional collaboration.

Cooperation should happen between neighborhood

areas and countries, where it makes sense. The

reality is that such a collaborative possibility has so ar

very seldom been seriously explored by the relevant

authorities. Today such a regional approach may be

sometimes claimed by industry or more protable

investments, through economy o scales, but it remains

very poorly documented and not at all integrated in

long term planning. A structured cooperation would

allow the adjustment o investments to the expected

achievements in separate collection and precisely take

into consideration the proximity principle or sequencing

the projects.

Additionally, it should be noted that the proximity

principle mainly applies to the disposal o waste in the

WFD, not to recovery operations. The key question or

such a regional approach is: does it enable us to moveaster towards the upper echelons o the waste treatment

hierarchy, thereby allowing less advanced MS to catch up

with their more advanced counterparts?



24/36

3.4.2 coNsideriNG tHe iNteGrated costs oF

collectioN aNd treatMeNt wHeN decidiNG oN

collectioN aNd treatMeNt scHeMes

w hv n h nn p n

ng q n pb ng n h n

h mn v ng h gp bn Ms n

mvng m hmnz ng pmn.

on b p n h ng vn

mpn bn n n mn n

m eu n. cn n Mnp

pnb (n h bg), h mn n n n/hgh mnv v mpn. a

h v pmz n , h n

n bng nv p n. in ,

mnp g h n p n

n h n . a nqn, h

n n h p n, h

n m mn. B h m b n h

n ng v. a p n n

h h p n h mngmn

hn, h pmzn h p n n n

b n n-pv hn mp ngv

pph. w h pb h h mp p n hh b.

th ng b18 pn n b

p n h gn lmb, i.

thgh h n bv h vng n

mn n pmz n p n

n p n19.

FiGure 9: seParate collectioN - More exPeNsiVe?

FiGure 10: cost oPtiMisatioN

(lmb, 1500 Mnp

i m h n h rr c b h

eu p n h hn h m

ngmn n h wFd - mmn.

eeb cr r g igti r iiu

rt rt ccti t tr,

rticur it. sp n b

h b h hm n Ms. a nbgn n h v ng h

b q b h n

p n.

3.4.3 iNcreasiNG Political awareNess

an ng h n n hppn h v

v b n p v. w n

mngmn p n nmb Ms p

gn h ppn nng n

gnn b h pn b n

n m mpvmn. NGo mmn nng

n mnp nvv n mngmn

- n p n mng h bn m vb

pn n h n mnng h m

p nmn/p n h . impv

mngmn nnm n

gn nvnmn n hmn hh bn,

b n n gn gh ppn20.

3.4.4 ProVidiNG a structure to MeMBer states For

Best Practice excHaNGe

a h bhmn n g

pm ng bn n hng

b p bn Ms h g h ng

p h wMP. sh n n h

impmnn rp 2001-2006 n b h




25/36


vp. a h mngmn n mn

Ms pn h pv , h ppn NGo

n v , b g pvn, m

n h pm nng h h n

p gn h hmn hh n nvnmn

pn. t m h b p hng

pb, n p Ms gpng

p. ang h 2030 pn, h gnn

Mnp s w n bz h h

n p n h h m nn21. a

n n gpng ng n h hhn h b n mmn pn

n , h ng ppn g

hng b p n n gn

pph.

NGo h gh n n h

h n nv.

3.5 an enRICHed, ambITIoUsyeT bIndInG HIeRaRCHy. HowenoRCeable Is IT? ReGUlaToRy

and TeCHnICal ConsTRaInTs

3.5.1 FroM tHe 70s to tHe (20)20s:

th nzn gn pmnn h

h hhm png, nmng n n png.

i n 1975 hn h eu p g

m ppb Mmb s nnng

mngmn, nm h dv 75/442/eec.

a h mmn, h g m m

n n v disparity between the provisions

on waste disposal already applicable or in preparation

in the various Member States which may create unequal

conditions ocompetition and thus directly aect the

unctioning o the common market22 n m mn

ng n mpn p.

a h mmn, h n mn h h

h nn hh h ngmn

Mmb s ppp p ng h

pvnn, ng n png , h n

m n pb ng h m n n

h p h - .

F h n 31 v p nn mp

n n h b h w Fm dv2006/12/ec hh n h p hh hh

m pb pn rti, b

rcr ( mb hn n h ng,

nnn n h m v h m

v pn) n n p. ahgh g

mpnn, h h-p hh h h gng

h Mmb s hng h n n hh

p n h nn v h b h vp. on

, n 2005 h epn cmmn h nv

h thm sg n h Pvnn n rng

w hh nvg ep ng h,

gh h h thm sg n snb u

N r, m v h m hhm n pn n hngng epn

nmpn pn. a h mmn, bv h

h ng gn n m pn h

gn h n mb mn. th mn

h n wFd n ng p h ng h

nn m b to protect the environment and human

health by preventing or reducing the adverse impacts o

the generation and management o waste23b n

p h m at reducing overall impacts o

resource use and improving the eciency o such use and

to the reduction o the use o resources and the practical

application o the waste hierarchy.24

F h pp h mn hh mpv, gvng ng

pn ng v n nnn. th n

hh n ng gn b g bgn,

vn hh h b b n.

th mnz dv pv n h

h ep 2020 vn gn gh.

F m hn 3 , m 1975 2008, hgh

nmb n h v p, nmpn

pn n n n gmphg gn n

h eu. in 2011, hgh mh h bn hv, h

p pn mng Ms mn n h hnmpn pn hv gnn ng

h h qn nvb: h

h Ms mp h h n mn hh?

FiGure11: waste HierarcHy



26/36


27/36

Pvnn h m pb pn

mngmn. r- m p h b nn

pvnn np/ h hn n

h n b n h ph

mn. th eeB v nm h h m

n h np ng h g bgn

gng h vpmn w Pvnn Pgmm

(wPP). Nvh, h v ppn nng n

mpmnng h pn n hn b

v b pnn n h m n.

anh p n b ng h nhp

bn pvnn n p gn. th h

m ng h p gn g n p h

80% h nvnmn n hh h

n p. i h n h p p

n n nm h p n hv h

m nvnmn n nmpn v.


AN EXAMINATION OF THE WASTE FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE 2008/98/EC TRANSPOSITION AND WASTE POLICY IMPLEMENTATION 27

artic 29

Mmb s h bh, n n h

a 1 n 4, pvnn pgmm n

hn 12 dmb 2013

3.5.2 wasTe HIeRaRCHy

aN oVerView oF tHe curreNt leVel oF PreParatioN

3.5.2.1 PreVeNtioN

Pay-as-you-tHrow:

ang h hm, h p vb p

v ng h mn h

p. a , n h n nn n

h m h p n m h n m pgng h nmpn g.

M n p h hn 10% h

v b Payt hm.

QualitatiVe PreVeNtioN:

am nnm pnn g h h

n vg h p b , b h nmn h m - n n h

nvnmn b hmn hh - bn.

FiGure 12

a h nmnng hm pvnn?(mn n,vn p...)

No

Yes

state oF PreParatioN

QuaNtitatiVe PreVeNtioN:


28/36


3.5.2.2 re-use aNd PreParatioN For re-use

artic 11

1. Mmb s h m, ppp,

pm h - p n ppng -

v, nb b ngng h bhmnn pp - n p n, h

nm nmn, pmn , qnv

bv h m.

am pnn gv ppnng vv

gng h n n h Ms. a h mmn

eu v n vb. ahgh m n

h ng-nng n n hn m

h p n p h nm m, h n

mnng vb h mmn n n n

epn v np.

th h bn mp g g g

- v n h weee , hh h

n h Mmb s. Hv g v

n g g n h b gg pp

mmn n mnng nnvv v n

v b n h v pvnn

pn.

3.5.2.3 recycliNG: deFiNitioN uNcertaiNties aNd

coMPetitioN witH BurNiNG

th wFd q n gn m h mnhh b n h l c thnng (lct)

pph. lct b np, hh

ng mhg pph. F nn, n m

-bn n n b mng h v

pm lct. in h, n hph, n

h mpn h b pn gn

wMP ng h n lct pph, h -bn

pm gv pvg h mngmn

n h q mnmm nvmn n

n png h v mbn

epn ng . in 4 h v wFd

h n h m nm vb. at thiit, it i irtt t tr th irc t

ct cti hich i th t xi

ti cic iiit hich tht th

rjct i i, i t th xi

hrt-tr i.

3.5.3 data aVailaBility aNd coMParaBility

jnz Pn epn cmmn envnmn,

e cnn 2011: w h h

n nmn. w hv pn

h n, bn gnn,

p gn n hn n. w bv h h

epn s sm h nn g

h h mmn

th b g hvmn (n n gn

qnng h pg p) qn

h p n mpb . rhng

h e b m gnn n

mn nmn h n bn n

m nn m n h bn.

th 2020 g h n cnn n dmn

q 70% b gh nn-hz b pp -, v b h

m n v n h b n n



29/36


hmnz ( mm n n Msw

n mm n p). th h

n h mn h z nng 2020

g. in h cnn n dmn

p nng n n h 2/3 h

gn n eu-27 mn , mng m

nn n mn v (25-30%) n m

mnng n qng 25%25.

3.5.4 selected issues coNsideriNG leGal

reQuireMeNts Versus existiNG iNFrastructure3.5.4.1

in m Ms n n mn n ng

v v ng b-pmzn h

mngmn pnnng. a bh v pmz

h h h pn h .

F mp p n26 m n b m

pnv hn mmng n, b nb mn

. th n h pmzn bm

m mmnn h n nn hng n

p n n h ng nng pbm

(cp, G) nng n pp mpvmn

hgh p h hh.dp m Ms p pn n b

p n, h m h h n

pn h mnn mngmn pn

3.5.4.2

anh p h n pz ng n pn

-png n mn n. th cmn n

mm m h h h b n p

h ng v p n n p. evn m,

h ng p h m h bn n h

n, n hn n h n p, h h

h nb n m v. th hh q h p ng -png

h hn m ng v. th b n h

hzn h p n h gh h

mn hh ngng mng h.

dp m n m v

gg q h mn n mn

n. B ng n g hh, mn n

n p (-nnn) n n ng

v Mnp s w nn hng

n ng pmn (w eng pn).

whh n -png n mn n m

b n hn nng nnn mn

bnng . Hv, h mm mng m

n n hgh ng v pp n

mn n gv v nnv pm ng.

d h bn nn b, bhng

bn p pph, n pvng h p

mn hh pv hng hn

nng h pb ng nng

hgh bnng n mn n.

3.5.4.3

th -n pn hgh g ng

h . innn n mn nm

p nvmn n nhn mpn h

n ng-m nn mmmn., th h

h p m nb mn

n h m n n h n b

nh h n h m n nn

n h 20 m.

Ph M: There appears to be a stir in the so-ar

quiet municipal waste incinerators sector in Poland.According to data gathered by industry portal wnp.pl,

almost PLN 2.3 billion (570 million) worth o incinerator

projects received crucial EU unding that will push

orward their development in the nearest months

s: cnth Pn



30/36



3.6.1

Fng h gp n h n hh g

:

strtg t t rt ccti th ut

chic r c uthriti. sp n h

bn n p p h gnmn

bn Ms. i v nmn

h hh, m p n,

ng n m v. Bn

h n ngmn p n,

gg g bgn mnmm

p n, ng h b, n

h m h v h wFd b 2014. in

h mnm, n nm n ng

n n mn h b bh

n b ec. in h m wFd

mpmnn, pmng p n h

h h b h pm h

bhmn nn w Mngmn Pn

b v b ec. a p h nn m

h pn, h h b qmn

n /bn n ng pph

h mnmm b p. th bn

p h b p n vng m h

p n pph, n n n ng .

etih hriz rccig critri, ik

t g igti ms.t, h n b

n m pn n h Ms

n . ang h g pvn,

ngh n n mn n

v/ng pn n h hpmn

. th v n

n q v. th n gg h

mpmnn b hng mmzng

ng.

th n mn v mh p

mbg gng h n hvmn

b n np n ng/v. Gvn

h m nq n p

nn, n h p h v

mbn hgh hn pv n b v

h mpvmn h ng n. wgg bhng n n/ hmnz

hn m n b n

hvng bn n m h p

h nn nbng g

hvmn. th nn n en

w b n npn h p,

n qmn np, p, p,

nmn n q n m. a

h n hmnz , ng

hvmn h b b n p mn

h hn n h qn n np n

v pn. an, mnmz

h hpmn ng eu, vng b h p n h p,

Ms pn h nb h g ng

bv.

in h ppv h vn

n bn NGo n p p

n n m eu n nn v.

etihig r cct lCT thg

r th icti th t trtt

hirrch.th gn h epn cmmn

hv n pvn n h

vng p gn. a h mmn,h v mh pv h gn

n m n nvnn n. th

nz lca mh h b pp

n-mng gn v bng n mn h

n pnp h hh h n b v m.

Trgt ttig r rti, ru it

rccig. tg hv bn pvn p v

b nvnmn pmn. B-

g, pvnn g n g n

b vp n h ppv 2014 wFd v.

Cricti th ttu c-icirti/

c-rcign v g mn

b vnhng n mn n n m

gn nn n -nnn

pb p.



31/36


3.6.2

on h n h n:

e t ic rici citiit

cu r eU uig. dp h nn

h hh, h v eu

nng n n nnn nn, hh

n bn n pvnn n

ng p. Mng h ngn g

p pnp nn vng eu nng

mn, mp, h nng n

pv nnn ng p nm ng bh .

Itigt th iiit rrc

ctrct r t gt. Pmng

p m h ng h np

vn n ng pmzn n h

m m n b. th npn

m h ng pmn n gng

ng vng h hn ng vng. Fm

n ng pn v h mn

nn bn bng pvn ng

mpvmn mp nnn/p.

st cti ru r r icirti

tx.in mhnm n nn

npn, n h mngmn

n b h mpvmn

mngmn n n

mpgn (p pvnn n). t,

p h n b mp n n h

v bg Ms gn mnn, n

ng n vgng n m mbng p

h hh.

3.6.3

d vb n mpb:

Hrizti ccuti th t

ccti.in h v pg

gng h g b h wFd mpn

bh b n mh. e fb

n mgn n h Mmb s n h

h n mh (p m ng

pm mg h v pg) n nn

h pn bn mmb h nn

mnp h n h h n. i

h h n h mnp /hh h 4 vb n

mh, hh n b nv h

pv h m.



32/36


th ng n p hghgh h mn n

epn p n nhn mpn.

Nvh, h , gng b 1995, n hv

b h hghgh h pn h pbm n

v m h n h p h bn

h p:

Implementation Reports to the EC from 1995 - 2006rvng b h mn epn

p n v h n ng pg

bn h Ms. th ngmn h eu n h

n vp n hv nvb

nb n pnng h gp bn h Ms n

nvnmn pn m.

Study on the feasibility of the establishment of a Waste

Implementation Agency - Milieu - December 2009

dp h nnv nn n h pb

bhmn w impmnn agn, h

nv mmn h bn h pn h pbm.

The review of thematic Strategy on the Prevention and

Recycling of waste- European Commission-January 2011

th p ng-m g h eu bm

ng n .

Study on Coherence of waste legislation - BIO Intelligence -

March 2011

h p nn n n b n

nnn, vp n gp n gn b

ng mpv p m dv.

The Use Of Economic Instruments and Waste

Management Performances- Institute of European

Environmental Policy - October 2011

h p n ng nm nmn

mngmn n n Ms n

h vn n nn pb.

Implementing EU Waste Legislation for Green Growth

Report - BIO Intelligence - November 2011

th nn pn p pn h ec h

nb h Ms b gp h bn h

epn p.

Guidance on permitting and inspection of waste

management operations- BIPRO- January 2012

h nn n b p n pmng

n npn hgh h eu.

MaiN reFereNces



33/36


cHarts aNd FiGures

FiGures

Fg 1 H mh n ng nb

nmpn?

Fg 2 H v nvv?

Fg 3 envnmn nngmn b

Fg 4 Png mnp h n

n n h eu-27, 1995 n 1997

Fg 5 i h n n pvnn n?

Fg 6 i h n bv g gng

pvnn?

Fg 7 a h n mnng hm

pvnn?

Fg 8 a h nn n nn n

nvvmn h v ?

Fg 9 sp n - M pnv?

Fg 10 c n n mn

p

Fg 11 w mn hh

Fg 12 a h n mnng hm

pvnn?

taBlestb 1 B mpmnn eu

cmmn n Mmb s



34/36



FootNotes#1 s impmnng eu w lgn Gn

Gh rp b Bio ingn - Nvmb 2011. s

impmnng eu w lgn Gn Gh

rp b Bio ingn- Nvmb 2011

#2 th w Fm dv 2008/98/ec. thgh h h p, h b

h wFd.

#3 cn eh-10 dmb 2010 lgv bng- th euw Hh

#4 Fn h eh-spmb 2010 M b (hp://...//p/b_

ng.p)

#5 coMMuNicatioN FroM tHe coMMissioN to tHeeuroPeaN ParliaMeNt, tHe couNcil, tHe euroPeaN

ecoNoMic aNd social coMMittee aNd tHe

coMMittee oF tHe reGioNs rmp r

en ep- hp://.p./nvnmn/_

n/p/m2011_571.p

#6 eea- rng n n pn nbn (*) mng eu mn v m, 2006- hp://

..p./-n-mp/g/ng-

n-n-pn-nbn

#7 Bf, ng pn a h epn cmmnh hn mpvng n p p

h mnng n ng nn n nnpn m mngmn hm n

Mmb s . opn B pn eea n n

mnng pn h hgh bng n

p . Fn, pn c gg h nn

gn h h h n

vn . s impmnng eu w gn

gn gh - Bio ingn - Fn rp - Pg. 88-102

#8 tb 16: B mpmnn eu cmmnn Mmb s- impmnng eu w lgn

Gn Gh Fn rp Pg. 49

#9 Ppng h rv h thm sg n hPvnn n rng w Fn rp ob

2010-Bio ingn -Pg 113

#10 coMMissioN staFF workiNG docuMeNt ampnngh cmmnn m h cmmn h epn

Pmn, h cn, h epn enm n

s cmm n h cmm h rgn n


w, Fg 25 Pg.41

#11 cn dv 1999/31/ec 26 ap 1999 n hn

#12 th u o enm inmn n w MngmnPmn- in epn envnmn P-

inm n - ob 2011

#13 a- Pp h v h hmg n h pvnn n ng pg. 13

#14 F m n n n n en, hpnn b P e n tnn - Fead mn 2009

hp://../nn//Pe,Fead.p

#15 ieeP Bgn dmn n w enminmn, Pg. 7

#16 umbm, Gmn- rp n h dvpmn n n hn nn nn

pvnn pgmm

#17 ag 10 - hp://.m./Nr/n/5944d6BF-c455-4a94-a7d1-9062ed0173a0/0/

ag10.p

#18 enz Fvn - ag h Mnz i - cbn p n

#19 in n 2004, enz Fvn, m h hh p n b m hh n

hp pmz h v n Msw n

, mn b ng h qn n

n png h f vh. th

n n pmzn n h h

pb p n b.

#20 in h ppv, h n p n impmnngw p Gn Gh pgm n

nm pv n h pn

mpmnn. s impmnng eu w gn

gn gh - Bio ingn - Fn rp-Nv 2011

#21 Pp s F th rv o th thm sgon th Pvnn an rng o w

#22 cn dv 75/442/eec 15 j 1975 n -pmb

#23 a 1 h w Fm dv 2008/98/ec

#24 r 6 h w Fm dv 2008/98/e

#25 coMMissioN staFF workiNG docuMeNt ampnngh cmmnn m h cmmn h epn

Pmn, h cn, h epn enm n

s cmm n h cmm h rgn n


w.

#26 Fe Bng 2009- rng n p mmng?


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EEB Waste Report 2012

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