Date post: | 13-May-2015 |
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Education |
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EEEElectrical Engineering Excitement
Saturday, December 7, 13
If you wish to make an apple pie from scratch, you must first
invent the universe.Carl Sagan (Cosmos p218)
Saturday, December 7, 13
If you wish to make a robot from scratch, you must first learn some basic electrical theory.
Not Carl Sagan (Cosmos p218)
Saturday, December 7, 13
What this gets you• LEDs
• Lasers
• Servos
• Motors
• Touch Sensors
• Switches
• Light Sensors
• Joysticks
• LCD Displays
• Accelerometers
• Radios
• oh so much more
Saturday, December 7, 13
ELECTRONS
Saturday, December 7, 13
ELECTRONS
e-
e-
e-
e-
e-
• Negatively Charged
• Like to be evenly spaced
• Flow from negative areas to positive areas
- +
Saturday, December 7, 13
ELECTRONS
e-
e-
e-
e-
e-• The flow of electrons is the
basis of electricity
• Current = Electrons per second (measured in Amps)
• Voltage = difference between the positive and negative charges (measured in Volts)
- +
Saturday, December 7, 13
ELECTRONSe-
• The the larger the difference between negative and positive charges the faster the electrons will flow.
• More voltage leads to more amperage
- +
Saturday, December 7, 13
ELECTRONSe-
• The the larger the difference between negative and positive charges the faster the electrons will flow.
• More voltage leads to more amperage
- +
Saturday, December 7, 13
ELECTRONSe-
• The the larger the difference between negative and positive charges the faster the electrons will flow.
• More voltage leads to more amperage
- +
Meow!
Saturday, December 7, 13
Voltage Terms• VCC
• Vin
• +5v
• Vout
• GND (Ground)
• 0v
• -5v
• -
Saturday, December 7, 13
Conductors
Saturday, December 7, 13
• Electrons flow over a Conductor
• Some conductors pass electrons better than others. You measure this ability in units of resistance.
• Copper wire is the commonly used conductor today
• Humans will are less commonly used
Conductors
Saturday, December 7, 13
• All Conductors have some resistance
• The unit of electrical resistance is the ohm Ω
• Comparable to friction
• Resistors can be useful to slow down the electrons
Resistors
Saturday, December 7, 13
Ohms Law
V=IR
Voltage = Current * ResistanceResistance = Voltage / CurrentCurrent = Voltage / Resistance
Saturday, December 7, 13
Resistor Symbols
Resistor Rheostat Potentiometer
Saturday, December 7, 13
Voltage Symbols
Saturday, December 7, 13
Diagrams
1. +5V (Red)2. −Data (White)3. +Data (Green)4. GND (Black)
Saturday, December 7, 13
Diagrams
• Symbols rule
• US Style, IEC style, stuff people make up style
• Know the terms
• Identify the electron flow
Saturday, December 7, 13
LEDs
Saturday, December 7, 13
LEDs• Silicon Voltage Drop (1.2v)
• Adjust current for brightness
• Max Current listed in docs. Often 10-20mA
• Needs a resistor for protection
• R = V / I
• (5v - 1.2v) / 0.02A = 190 Ω
Saturday, December 7, 13
Diagrams
What’s going on here?
Saturday, December 7, 13
SERVOS
Saturday, December 7, 13
SERVOS
• Black GND
• RED +5v
• Yellow PWM Signal
Saturday, December 7, 13
What’s PWM?• Pulse Width Modulation
• Voltage switches between 0v and Vin
• % of time the voltage is at Vin is the duty cycle
• Servos understand this to be % of angle I should turn
• LEDS brightness is affected
Saturday, December 7, 13
What’s TTL?
• It’s how most digital logic communicates
• It encodes 0s and 1s into +5v and 0v
• or +3v and 0v
• Some devices work on both voltages
• Some break with the wrong voltage
Saturday, December 7, 13
DIP Chips
• Dual Inline Pin
• Pins are Numbered Counter Clockwise
• “Bite” of the Chip is at the top
• The “Pin Out” or “data sheet” tells you what each pin does
Saturday, December 7, 13
555 Timer
Saturday, December 7, 13
DATA SHEETSRead Them
Saturday, December 7, 13
What did we learn?
• Electron Flow
• Voltage = Current * Resistance
• How to Read Diagrams
• How LEDs, Servo’s and DIP Chips work
• PWM & TTL
Saturday, December 7, 13
Image Credits• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Crook%27s_Tube
• http://www.adafruit.com/products/758
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_wire_and_cable#Solid_vs._stranded
• http://learn.adafruit.com/
• http://www.rapidtables.com/electric/electrical_symbols.htm
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LED
• http://mcuoneclipse.com/2013/05/30/tutorial-arduino-motorstepperservo-shield-part-1-servos/
• http://biorob.epfl.ch/cheetah
• http://electronicsclub.info/circuitsymbols.htm
Saturday, December 7, 13
INSTRUCTABOTS.COMSHARE YOUR ROBOT’S CODE, PARTS AND STORY
Saturday, December 7, 13
INSTRUCTABOTS.COMSHARE YOUR ROBOT’S CODE, PARTS AND STORY
Meow!
Saturday, December 7, 13
Francis Gulotta
@reconbot github.com/reconbotrbrtr.com wizarddevelopment.com
Saturday, December 7, 13