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Effective Leadership and Effective Leadership and Management in NursingManagement in Nursing
CHAPTER
EIGHTH EDITION
Motivating and Developing Staff
17
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth EditionEleanor J. Sullivan
Learning OutcomesLearning Outcomes
1. Describe how motivation and ability affect job performance.
2. Discuss how different theories explain motivation.
3. Explain how orientation, preceptors, and on-the-job instruction can help motivate staff.
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth EditionEleanor J. Sullivan
Learning OutcomesLearning Outcomes
4. Describe the benefits of nurse residency programs, career advancement strategies, and leadership development on motivation.
5. Discuss why succession planning is essential to the future.
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth EditionEleanor J. Sullivan
Categories of Job PerformanceCategories of Job Performance
• Daily job performance• Attendance• Punctuality• Adherence to policies and procedures• Absence of incidents, errors, and
accidents• Honesty and trustworthiness
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth EditionEleanor J. Sullivan
Motivated EmployeesMotivated Employees
• Are preferred by nurse managers• Strive to find the best ways to do their
jobs• Are more likely to be productive than
nonmotivated employees
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth EditionEleanor J. Sullivan
Content TheoriesContent Theories
• Emphasize individual needs or rewards that may satisfy those needs
• Two types– Instinct
Instincts are inherited
– Need Motives are learned behaviors
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth EditionEleanor J. Sullivan
Content TheoriesContent Theories
• Instinct theories criticized for inability to pinpoint motivating behaviors and awareness of variability in strengths of instincts across individuals
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth EditionEleanor J. Sullivan
Process TheoriesProcess Theories
• Emphasize how motivation works to direct staff's performance
• Process theories include:– Reinforcement– Expectancy– Equity – Goal-setting
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth EditionEleanor J. Sullivan
OrientationOrientation
• Reduces new employee's anxiety• Socializes employee into the workplace• Contributes to unit effectiveness• Corrects unrealistic expectations• Reduces turnover
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth EditionEleanor J. Sullivan
On-the-Job InstructionOn-the-Job Instruction
• New employee is assigned to an experienced nurse peer, preceptor, or nurse manager
• Employee learns on the job• Employees serving as educators must
be selected wisely and prepared for the task
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth EditionEleanor J. Sullivan
PreceptorsPreceptors
• Preceptor model assists new nurses and rewards experienced staff nurses
• Socializes new nurse and familiarizes with unit functions
• Preceptor is role model who demonstrates tasks and problem solving, evaluates, and provides feedback
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth EditionEleanor J. Sullivan
MentoringMentoring
• Occurs over longer period and involves greater investment of energy than precepting
• Typical stages of mentor–mentee relationship:– Initiation– Mentee stage– Breakup– Lasting friendship
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth EditionEleanor J. Sullivan
Coaching and Nurse Residency Coaching and Nurse Residency ProgramsPrograms
• Coaching helps employee focus on solving a specific problem or conflict
• Residency programs acclimate new nurses to the workplace– Typically include educational and
emotional components– New nurse is paired with nurse partner
(peer, preceptor, facilitator, etc.)
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth EditionEleanor J. Sullivan
Career AdvancementCareer Advancement
• Clinical ladder program – Horizontal promotion
Rewards excellent nurse without promotion to management
– Clinical ladder Includes clinical apprentice, colleague,
mentee, leader, and expert
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth EditionEleanor J. Sullivan
Career AdvancementCareer Advancement
• Clinical ladder program • Horizontal promotion• Rewards excellent nurse without
promotion to management• Clinical ladder• Includes clinical apprentice, colleague,
mentee, leader, and expert
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth EditionEleanor J. Sullivan
Leadership DevelopmentLeadership Development
• Developing internal staff – Cost-effective– Based on proven skills and strengths of
the candidates– Retains high-performing staff– Program designed on the organization's
specific needs
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing, Eighth EditionEleanor J. Sullivan
Succession PlanningSuccession Planning
• Crucial because of aging workforce and overall shortage of nurses
• Consists of:– Identifying core competencies for each
level of management– Recognizing potential recruits– Providing opportunities for development
and growth