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“EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT OF MULTIPURPOSE AND
MULTISTAKEHOLDER WATER RESOURCES PROJECT
Key Presentation by
Sh. PRADEEP KUMARCommissioner (State projects)
2
Global Water Scenario
WATER SOURCES
GROUND WATER
( < 800m deep)10%
GROUND WATER
( 800-4000m deep)13%
OTHER SOURCES
2%
POLAR ICE & GLACIER
75%
OCEAN WATER97.3%
FRESH WATER2.7%
Total 1400 Million BCM
• 2.45% of World’s Land Area
• 4% of World’s Renewable Water Resources
• 17% of World’s Population
Indian Scenario
Water Availability - INDIA
Total utilizable water resourcesTotal utilizable water resources1123 BCM 1123 BCM
Ground Water Ground Water 433 BCM433 BCM
Presently meets the demand but is Inadequate for future demand
Surface water Surface water 690 BCM690 BCM
Current utilizationCurrent utilizationof SW of SW
450 BCM ( 65% )450 BCM ( 65% )
Current utilizationCurrent utilizationOf GWOf GW
231 BCM (58%)231 BCM (58%)
Total water availabilityTotal water availability
1869 BCM1869 BCM
Total Precipitation (rainfall + snowfall)Total Precipitation (rainfall + snowfall)
4000 BCM4000 BCM
5
Spatial Variation of Rainfall in INDIA
Rainfall in mmAverage
1,170
Max. 11,000 MawsynramMeghalaya
Min. 100 Western Rajasthan
6
Temporal Variation of Rainfall
0100200300400500600700800900
1000
Win
ter
Mon
soon
(Jan
-Feb
)
Pre
Mon
soon
(Mar
-May
Mon
soon
(Jun
-Sep
)
Post
Mon
soon
(Oct
-Dec
)
Rai
nfal
l in
mm
All India
75%
Precipitation during June to September 3000 BCM (75%)
8
0
100
200
300
400
500
600P
oten
tial i
n B
CM
Total PotentialUtilisable Potential
Basin-wise Total and Utilizable potential
Per Capita Water Availability (National Average)
Water Scarcity Line1000 cu. m. per person per year
Water stress Line1700 cu. m. per person per year
5177
2200
1340 11401545
1820
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
1951 1991 2001 2011 2025 2050
Wat
er A
vaili
bilty
(Cub
ic m
etre
per
ca
pita
per
yea
r)
Sector-wise Future Demand (BCM)
Sector Probable Water Demand as Projected by NCIWRD (1999) (High Demand)
2010 2025 2050
Irrigation 557 611 807
Domestic 43 62 111
Industry 37 67 81
Energy 19 33 70
Others 54 70 111
Total 710 843 1180
11
( BCM )
1. Pre Plan : 15.64
2. Present Position
Present Completed : 253.4
Under construction : 50.9
Under formulation : 109.7
(4895 dams have been completed in the country and about 531 dams are under construction)
Storage Position
Per Capita Storage
2197531111
1964
3145
6103
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
Russia Brazil USA China SouthAfrica
India
Per
Cap
ita S
tora
ge (c
ubic
met
re)
13
• 51 million tons in 1950-51 to more than 220 million tons at present.
• Country will need 450 million tons of food grains by 2050. This requires:-– more area under irrigated agriculture,– more agricultural productivity, and– improvement in irrigation efficiencies
Food Grain Production
Irrigation Potential Development
In 1951
16.14%
Potential Created as % of Ultimate Irrigation Potential (140 Mha)
22.6 Mha at Pre-plan stage
112.3 Mha at the end of XI Plan
P L A N S
(Mha)
Growth of Irrigation Potential
Ultimate Irrigation Potential : 140 Mha
II III IV VI VII VIII IX X XI
No. of projectsPlan period Major Medium ERM
Pre-plan period 74 143 0
Upto X Plan(2002-2007)
186 813 121
Reported completed during XI Plan
35 62 19
Development of Projects
• Most of the earlier projects are standalone in nature, which needs to be brought under multipurpose role.
• Integrated approach has to be followed for all the reservoirs in a basin to efficiently use the available water resources.
• Demands are increasing compounded by increase in siltation in the reservoirs, thus making water availability further shrink in times to come.
• Apart from irrigation, industries are one of the large users of water. Inter-sectoral priorities have to be properly studied both from economics and social benefit point of view.
• The land use pattern and growing of water intensive commercial crops has put a lot of pressure on the water resources project.
Issues and Challenges
• Food Security : India would be requiring around 450 MT in 2050.
• Impact of Climate Change is apprehended to increase both spatial and temporal variability- leading to drought-flood-drought syndrome
Issues & Challenges
Water management has two facets.
• Supply side Conservation - efficient management of storage and diversion.
• Demand side Conservation – water use with minimal losses and consumption through prevention of wastage.
EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT
• Encourage participation of the Stakeholders in all relevant issues related to water development.
• Setting up of RBOs to address and take up water resources development.
• Reassessment by sophisticated technique to povide water resource availability
• Speedy completion of projects of National Importance
• To accomplish contemplated 20% increased water use efficiency by use modern techniques in irrigation.
• Address water quality issues
Way Forward
20
• Preparation and implementation of suitable catchment are treatment plans to reduce siltation in reservoirs.
• Proper maintainence of the existing projects by way of adequate funds and manpower.
• Setting up of RBOs to address and take up water resources development.
• Taking up research work in efficient management of water resources project.
Way Forward
21
I HOPE THAT IN THIS SESSION NOT ONLY THE
AUTHORS BUT THE PRESENT DELEGATES AND
AUDIENCE WOULD PUT FORTH THEIR VIEWS AND
SUGGESTIONS WHICH CAN EMERGE AS CONCRETE
RECOMMENDATION FOR BETTER MANAGEMENT OF
OUR WATER RESOURCES PROJECTS
Way Forward
22