Efficient Separations Technologies for Efficient Separations Technologies for Petroleum Refining Petroleum Refining
R. Bruce EldridgeProcess Science and Technology Center
The University of Texas
PROCESS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CENTER
UT - Austin
Texas A&M
PROCESS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CENTER
Alternative Sources for Fuels
PROCESS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CENTER
Next Generation Fuel Consumers
Carbon DioxideCarbon Dioxide
Reduced energy CO2 capture and sequestration approaches are critical if greenhouse gas emissions are to be reduced
PROCESS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CENTER
Solvent Selection for CO2 Capture
Distillation
The Dinosaur Lives !!
PROCESS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CENTER
Reliable / Predictive Models
Dr. Ross Taylor - Department of Chemical Engineering
Energy Consumption & Distillation Lines Angelo Lucia (University of Rhode Island) and Ross Taylor (Clarkson University)
New approach to conceptual design of distillation systems based on the length of the composition profile.
Longest distillation lines are approximations to boundariesmost difficult separationsleast energy efficient
Shortest distillation lines areleast difficultmost energy efficient
New approach can accommodate mass transfer affects; this influences: column height,minimum reflux,process feasibility.
Red: Shortest feasible stripping line to meet specified purity Blue: boundary
Dr. Ross Taylor - Department of Chemical Engineering
ChemSep: CAPE-OPEN Compliant Column Simulator Ross Taylor and Harry Kooijman
• Features the original non- equilibrium column model.
• Tested with Aspen Plus, HYSYS, Pro/II, UNISIM Design
• ChemSep Lite supplied free with COCO (www.cocosimulator.org)
• Image shows ChemSep with COCO
iN
E
EV
LV
LL
EL
Eiy ,
Liy , Eix ,
Lix ,
Ii
Ii xy ,
PROCESS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CENTER
High Capacity Column Internals
PROCESS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CENTER
Novel Technologies for Chemical Recovery
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
0 50 100 150 200 250
Partial Pressure C2, psia
Mol
es C
2M
ole
Cu
Ethylene in NMP (base case)
Ethylene in NMP @ 42ºC
Ethane in NMP (base case)
Ethane in NMP @ 42ºC
High temp: CuCl-Aniline-NMP @ 42ºC
Cryogenic Distillation System
PROCESS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CENTER
Coupled Reactive / Separations for Chemical Production
Catalytic section
“Reactive Distillation”
Adsorption ProcessesAdsorption Processes
Optimized Cycles / ConfigurationsNovel adsorbent materials
PROCESS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CENTER
FF
To To CabinCabin
PPHHPPHH
PPLL
To To SpaceSpace
Optimized Adsorption Cycles / Configurations
Selective Adsorbents Dr. Ralph Yang – Department of Chemical Engineering
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Cumulative effluent volume/Sorbent weight (mL/g)
Breakthrough of total sulfur in fixed-bed adsorber with SBA-15 ( ), CuCl/SBA-15 ( ) and PdCl2/SBA-15 ( ) for JP-5 light fraction (841 ppmw-S).
Thiophenic sulfur molecules are selectively bonded to the Cu+ sites on the cavity of faujasite zeolite at room temperature.
Membrane TechnologyMembrane Technology
Superior performance to polymeric membranes
Upperbound
CO2 permeability x1010 cm2(STP)/(s.cmHg) Support
zeolitecrystals
Flow through non-zeolitic pores
Alan R. Greenberg and Richard D. NobleUniversity of Colorado at Boulder
Zeolite Membrane Performance
Alan R. Greenberg and Richard D. NobleUniversity of Colorado at Boulder
N
NN
N
n
H
H
Polymer-Metallic Composite Membranes
High Tg polybenzimidazole (PBI)- based Composite Membranes
Thermally stable (Tg ~ 450°C): Facilitates process integration
Chemically resistant: Sulfur tolerant at operation temperatures
Optimize % CO2 capture and minimize cost
Dr. Winston Ho Department of Chemical Engineering
Example: Polyvinylalcohol-Containing Amine Membrane
CH
HCH
OHCH
HCH
OH
R3 N
Membrane
R3 N
CO2
R3 N CO2CO2+H2
Dr. Winston Ho Department of Chemical Engineering
1
10
100
1000
10000
90 110 130 150 170 190Temperature (oC)
CO
2/H2 S
elec
tivity
2.1 atm Feed Pressure
High CO2/H2 Selectivity Obtained
1
10
100
1000
10000
90 110 130 150 170 190Temperature (oC)
CO
2/H2 S
elec
tivity
2.1 atm Feed Pressure
High CO2/H2 Selectivity Obtained
PROCESS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CENTER
2μm2μm
Coating
PSF Support
Fouling Resistant Membranes
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 5 10 15 20 25
Time (hr)
Coated PSf 80 wt.% H2O
Uncoated PSf
Flux
( L
/ (m
2 hr)
)
Δp=6.8 atmOil/water emulsion (1,500 ppm)
