eInfranet cloud services – current state of affairs

Cloud Services – current state of affairs

Dr. Leo PluggeWetenschappelijk Technische Raad

SURF – ICT innovation by and for higher education and research April 15, 2010

A definition of ‘Cloud computing’

Cloud computing is Internet-based computing, whereby shared resources, software and information are provided to computers and other devices on-demand, like a public utility.

Source: Wikipedia

Cloud computing is about delivering services through a Wide Area Network (internet) in a flexible manner (scalable in size and number).

Flexibility is usually attained by sharing generic resources (software, platform, hardware).


Cloud Services is the industrialization of ITCf the generation of electricity

From localprovisioning

To regionalprovisioning


Regional Monopoly (PZEM, PLEM, PEM, etc)

From regional monopoly to free market

SURF – ICT innovation by and for higher education and research

Production Distribution Provisioning Client

GDF Suez, E-ONEDF, Enel, RWE(75% EU market)Lots of small players: Greenchoice, NEM, Dong Energy,…

Tennet&

Local?

April 15, 20104

Back to ITJohn McCarthy in 1961:

“If computers of the kind I have advocated* become the computers of the future, then computing may someday be organized as a public utility just as the telephone system is a public utility... The computer utility could become the basis of a new and important industry.”

John McCarthy, MIT Centennial in 1961

(* time sharing)


Industrialized IT

From centralized local (campus) provisioning

To wide areaprovisioning


GoogleMicrosoftYahooAmazonSalesForceSun…

University IT centers

Turning to market forces

Production Distribution Provisioning Client

InternetSURFnet

LocalPrivate

?


The world needs only five computers. Thomas Watson , CEO IBM (1943)

“there will be small number of big players and a large numbers of small players in the cloud computing space ”

Dr. Eric Schmidt , CEO Google


Source: Niraj Juneja, Webscale Solutions“A Walk in the Clouds”

And the big players are…

April 15, 20109

SURF – ICT innovation by and for higher education and research

Working from different angles…

Off-line On-line

Both focus on a content delivery architecture


Competition from the cloud gives us choice,but…


Mixed feelings about Software as a Service (SaaS)

Users like SaaS and are dissatisfied with rate of adoption of new IT in enterprise:

• 30% users 2008 dissatisfied

Gartner expects:• increase to 50% in 2013

Suppliers are skeptic about SaaS• (enterprise) Customers not

impressed by SaaS performance

• 42% cost is barrier• 38% integration barrier• 32% technical requirements

However:• 58% maintain current SaaS

level• 32% will increase level• 5% will decrease• 5% will discontinue

Source: Gartner

Gartner: by 2012, 20% of businesses will own virtually no IT assets.


Some effects of cloud services market

1. Competition gives consumers a choice of services;

2. Employees are consumers and bring in new services;

3. User groups will build their own/new solutions;

4. Cloud services provide means for flexible innovation;

5. Innovation through customer’s (‘beta’)* testing.

* Beta ≠ banana software


Another effect is the IT-department trying to stay in control of services with…

PublicCloud

PrivateCloud

HybridCloud

InternalCloud

ExternalCloud

Some X-cloudI didn’t think of


But Cloud Services is mainlyabout letting some services and customers go!

MakeOutsource

Partner Contract

mission critical

contextcore

supporting

I willHelp myself!

CloudServices


To use the effects of cloud services we need (among others)

• stop “hugging” (local/national) hardware;

• rethink ‘inside-outside’ (perimeter based) security;

• re-examine the institutional services production portfolio;

• more configurable generic services;

• differentiate by user group / application area;

• room for users (groups) to bring in new services (sandbox);


The cloud argument also holds for research


Ed Lazowska*

• “85% of research computing could easily use clouds”

• “Only some very specialized research and computational scientists need dedicated high performance computers”

*Bill & Melinda Gates Chair in Computer Science & Engineering, Director, eScience Institute, University of Washington Chair, Computing Community Consortium


Only a small number of researchers need capability computing, i.e., High Performance Computing systems with large numbers of cores.

The majority of researchers are well served with capacity computing, systems that share their computing power with several up to many users. (what cloud computing excels at)

Lazowska’s statement visualized by Cees de Laat’s Bandwidth requirements, 2008

Source:C. de Laat


Lazowska’s arguments for cloud computing

1. Funding councils face an insatiable demand in research grant applications for more computers and clusters.

2. Computing and ICT represent anywhere from 30-50% of the energy consumption at a typical research university.

3. If institutions charged fees based on energy bill, this would be a powerful incentive to move in the direction of clouds.

Ergo:

“Cloud services could be included

in the indirect costs of research

much like energy is today.”


EUROPE, WE HAVE A PROBLEM


ESAutilizes

Amazon EC2 for the

data-processing needs of its Gaia mission

(launch in 2012)

Gaia generates 40GB per night.Using local resources (read “a grid” or “a cluster”)

would cost $1.5 million.

Using EC2 will cost in the range of $500,000.


Cloud Outlook 2010 webcastby 451 Group's William Fellows, Feb. 2010

• Spending on cloud computing− 57% in the U.S.− 31% in Europe− 12% in Asia.

• Adoption of infrastructure as a service (e.g. Amazon's EC2)− 93% of that spending is done in the U.S.− 6% in Europe − 1% in Asia.

Flexiant is currently the only cloud computing service based in Europe.


To compete we need cloud services From EGEE? (Enabling Grids for E-sciencE)


Bob Hertzberger

Providing the opportunity to share and reuse

Bob Hertzberger


Remember: the internet is scale-freeand the rich get richer

Albert-László Barabási:

• A small number of nodes in the internet have far more connections than most other nodes.

• As the network grows, the rich nodes get richer.− (AMS-IX and NetherLight are examples)

“Out of the 40,000 routed end sites in the Internet, 30 large companies — ‘hyper giants’ like Limelight, Facebook, Google, Microsoft and YouTube — now generate and consume a disproportionate 30 percent of all Internet traffic.”

Arbor’s Internet Observatory Report


Leo Plugge

[email protected]

www.surf.nl

Thank you


Date post:	21-Oct-2014
Category:	Technology
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