WHEN IT COMES TO IMPERIALISM, DO YOU THINK AMERICA ACTS
MORE AS A WORLD LEADER OR AS A BULLY?
WHY?
Bell Ringer
THE EXPANSION OF AMERICA AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY
Presidential Imperialism
William McKinley
William McKinley as an expansionist president:
Spanish-American War
Annexation of HawaiiOpen Door Policy
Election of 1900
McKinley v. BryanBryan claimed
McKinley as an enslaver of men
McKinley had won a war, acquired rich lands overseas, protected the gold standard, and picked an irresistible running mate, Teddy Roosevelt
TR Becomes President
McKinley wins easilyShot and killed 6
months later Fun Fact: He was the
first president to ride in an automobile – the ambulance that took him to the hospital after he was shot.
TR becomes the youngest American president at 42 y/o
Teddy Roosevelt: The “Modern” President
The Man, The Myth, The Legend
The Man, The Myth, The Legend
Assemblyman, Cowboy, Police Commissioner, Asst. Sec. of the Navy
The Man, The Myth, The Legend
Wife: Edith, Children: Alice, Theodore Jr., Kermit, Ethel Carow, Archibald Bulloch "Archie", and Quentin
A Canal in Panama
The Spanish-American War showed the weakness of a navy split between two oceans
Canal linking Atlantic and Pacific necessary
Location issues Panama was part of
Colombia; didn’t like the U.S. TR incited a rebellion in
Panama
A Canal in Panama
Canal was more dangerous and costly than planned
Sanitation and disease were major issues
Largest modern engineering undertaking to date; resulted in one of the greatest technological innovations in modern history 20:45-24:30
“Speak softly, andcarry a big stick”
Roosevelt Corollary
Latin American countries behind on loan payments to Europe
TR was afraid Europe might use force to collect their money
Roosevelt Corollary: The US would intervene in Latin America and collect the debts for Europe (supports Monroe Doctrine)
Problems with Asia
Russo-Japanese War caused by conflicts over claims to Korea and Manchuria
Japan asked TR to negotiate the peace talks Treaty of Portsmouth
Roosevelt’s mediation earned him a Nobel Peace Prize
The Great White Fleet: America’s highly advanced naval fleet
They went on a diplomatic “good-will” mission around the world; had the bonus effect of showing America’s military muscle.
Sending Out the“Great White Fleet”
The Teddy Bear
The Death of A Bull Moose
Post Presidency: African safaris Exploration of the Amazon
Died January 6, 1919
"The old lion is dead.”“Death had to take him
sleeping. For if he’d been awake, there would
have been a fight.”
Doppleganger?
SORRY, IT ’S HARD TO FOLLOW TEDDY ROOSEVELT.
Other Presidents Do Stuff….
Imperialism Under Taft
Dollar Diplomacy: American businesses invest in and give loans to foreign countries to gain power (mainly in Latin America and Asia)Would strengthen American foreign positions while making money
Not always successful
Wilson, The Man
Born and raised in the South First Southerner since
Andrew Johnson (1865) First Democrat in 20 years
Deeply religiousIntelligent and educatedSuperb public speakerElitistAn idealistStubborn
Imperialism Under Wilson
Moral Diplomacy: A desire to lead other nations by moral example Opposed to imperialism
on moral grounds… But also used morality to
justify his involvement in the Mexican Revolution.
Sent US Marines to Haiti and the Dominican Republic to protect American interests
The Mexican Revolution
Assassination of corrupt president
Placed Gen. Victoriano Huerta in power Some positive changes for the
poor, but served as a military dictator
U.S. refuses to officially recognize him
Wilson allowed arms to go to Huerta’s rivals, Venustiano Carranza and Francisco “Pancho” Villa
Incident with American sailors visiting Mexico gives excuse to place Carranza in power
The Last Invasion of America
Pancho Villa felt slighted by the U.S.
Staged a series of violent escapades in New Mexico, trying to incite a war between the U.S. and Carranza
Wilson sent 6,000 troops to find and capture Villa
U.S. pulls out troops in 1914
Villa killed by a Mexican rival