Election of 1932Election of 1932

Hoover v. FDRHoover v. FDR

HooverHoover

Believed that the key Believed that the key to recovery was to recovery was confidenceconfidence

Depression was a Depression was a “world-wide economic “world-wide economic conditions beyond our conditions beyond our control”control”

Government and Government and business officials tried business officials tried to maintain public to maintain public confidenceconfidence

Voluntary action failsVoluntary action fails

Business promised Business promised to to keep wages upkeep wages up but did not keep but did not keep the promisethe promise

After a year of bad After a year of bad times people times people began to began to blame the blame the depressiondepression on on President HooverPresident Hoover

Government actionsGovernment actions Agricultural Marketing Agricultural Marketing

Act-Act- designed to designed to stabilize prices of stabilize prices of cropscrops Program was a failure-Program was a failure-

lost more than lost more than $150 $150 millionmillion

To create jobs they To create jobs they spent money on spent money on building roads, parks, building roads, parks, and dams. and dams.

Hoover DamHoover Dam

Government actionsGovernment actions

Hawley-Smoot tariff- Highest import tax, Hawley-Smoot tariff- Highest import tax, Europeans raised their taxes too, Europeans raised their taxes too, caused a caused a slowdown of tradeslowdown of trade

Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) - lent money to banks and large industries- lent money to banks and large industries Banks continued to failBanks continued to fail People felt that the government was only People felt that the government was only

helping the richhelping the rich Hoover’s Hoover’s unpopularity growsunpopularity grows

Hoover thinks relief should come from Hoover thinks relief should come from state state and localand local governments governments People thought he was cold heartedPeople thought he was cold hearted

Blamed him for their problemsBlamed him for their problems 1932- Finally lent money to state and local 1932- Finally lent money to state and local

governments for unemployment but governments for unemployment but it was too it was too little to latelittle to late

Bonus Army Bonus Army demanded pension moneydemanded pension money for for 1945 marched in Washington1945 marched in Washington Hoover called in the ArmyHoover called in the Army Army used force to make marchers leaveArmy used force to make marchers leave Many people were injuredMany people were injured

ActionAction GoalGoal Success or Failure/Why?Success or Failure/Why?

Organized Organized White White House House

conferencconference of e of

business business leadersleaders

to presuade to presuade business business leaders leaders voluntarily to voluntarily to maintain maintain workers workers wageswages

FAIL- FAIL- businesses businesses cut workers cut workers paypay

Signed the Signed the Hawley-Hawley-Smoot Smoot

tarriff billtarriff bill

protect protect domestic domestic industries industries from importsfrom imports

FAIL- Europe FAIL- Europe raised their raised their own tariffs own tariffs bringing slow bringing slow down in down in international international tradetrade

set up set up ReconstructioReconstructio

n Finance n Finance CorporationCorporation

to help banks so to help banks so they could they could extend loansextend loans

FAIL- people FAIL- people thought thought government was government was only helping the only helping the banks not peoplebanks not people

Insisted that Insisted that state and state and

local local governments governments handle relief handle relief

programsprograms

to protect self-to protect self-respect & avoid respect & avoid creating a large creating a large bureaucracybureaucracy

FAIL- refusal to FAIL- refusal to provide direct provide direct aid. Created a aid. Created a negative public negative public reactionreaction

FDR- Franklin Delano FDR- Franklin Delano RooseveltRoosevelt Promised people a new Promised people a new

deal and that “happy deal and that “happy days were here”days were here”

DemocratDemocrat Harvard graduateHarvard graduate On New York State On New York State

Senate twiceSenate twice Assistant secretary of Assistant secretary of

Navy under President Navy under President WilsonWilson

Polio in 1920 and Polio in 1920 and never walked againnever walked again

Ready to experiment Ready to experiment with government roleswith government roles

Brought optimism to the Brought optimism to the tabletable

Worked with depression Worked with depression relief as a governor of relief as a governor of New YorkNew York

FDR- Franklin Delano FDR- Franklin Delano RooseveltRoosevelt

WifeWife Eleanor Eleanor was niece of Theodore was niece of Theodore RooseveltRoosevelt Experienced political worker and social Experienced political worker and social

reformerreformer Worked for several causesWorked for several causes

Public housingPublic housing legislation legislation State government reformState government reform Birth controlBirth control Better conditions for Better conditions for working womenworking women

Election of 1932Election of 1932

““This campaign is more than a This campaign is more than a contest between two men… it is a contest between two men… it is a contest between two philosophies of contest between two philosophies of government”government” Hoover 1932 Hoover 1932 Battle between how much the Battle between how much the

government should and should not be government should and should not be involved in fixing people’s problemsinvolved in fixing people’s problems

Hoover argued that government Hoover argued that government would be to powerfulwould be to powerful

Election of 1932Election of 1932 FDR won with a margin of 7 million votesFDR won with a margin of 7 million votes

People didn’t always support FDR because of People didn’t always support FDR because of his ideas, they opposed Hoover for being too his ideas, they opposed Hoover for being too passivepassive

1933- 1933- FDR took officeFDR took office