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1848 - 18601848 - 1860
Election of 1848Election of 1848
Zachary Taylor – Whig
Lewis Cass – Democrat
Martin Van Buren – Free Soil Party
Electoral College Votes 1848Electoral College Votes 1848
President Taylor takes officePresident Taylor takes office
Oct 1849 – voters of CA ratify the state’s constitution banning slavery
Dec 1849 – Taylor encourages Congress to admit CA as a free state
Jan 1850 – Henry Clay submits Compromise of 1850
Feb – Mar 1850 – Taylor meets with Southern leaders threatening to secede
Fillmore sworn in as PresidentFillmore sworn in as President
July 1850 ◦President Taylor dies from gastroenteritis
Aug 1850 – Fillmore affirms his support for the Compromise of 1850
Sept 1850 – Congress passes Fugitive Slave Act ◦Fines and prison for those assisting escaped slaves◦Requires slaves to be returned to owners w/o right
to a jury
Election of 1852Election of 1852
Fillmore did not receive the Whig nomination due to supporting Fugitive Slave Act – nominated Winfield Scott, general of the Mexican War
Democrats nominate Franklin Pierce
Free Soil Party nominates Senator John Hale of NH
Electoral College Vote 1852Electoral College Vote 1852
President Franklin PiercePresident Franklin Pierce
Northern politician with Southern pro-slavery views
Caved under the pressure of pro-slavery forces to sign the Kansas-Nebraska Act
Popular sovereignty creates anarchy in Kansas territory known as “Bleeding Kansas”
Election of 1856Election of 1856
Republican party holds it first national convention nominating John Fremont
Know-Nothings nominate former President Millard Fillmore
First time in history a major party refuses to nominate a sitting president. Democrats nominate James Buchanan
Electoral College Vote 1856Electoral College Vote 1856
President James BuchananPresident James Buchanan
Pro-slavery northerner from PA
Mar 1857 - Buchanan believed that the issue of slavery was settled with the decision of the Dred Scott Case
Oct 1857 – Kansas elects an anti-slavery legislature
Dec 1857 – Lecompton Constitution is illegally drafted in Kansas by a pro-slavery legislature
Buchanan supported Kansas entering the Union as a slave state despite the people of Kansas voting against slavery in the territory
May 1858 – Minnesota is admitted as free state
Aug 1858 House of Representatives has Kansas vote again on the Lecompton Constitution. Kansas is admitted as a Free State the following year
Oct 1858: Lincoln – Douglas debates
Feb 1859 – Oregon admitted as free state
Oct 1859 – Harper’s Ferry
Election of 1860Election of 1860
Lincoln – Republican
Douglas – Northern Democrat
Breckinridge – Southern Democrat
Bell – Constitutional Union Party ◦Former Whigs and Know-Nothings
Electoral College Vote 1860Electoral College Vote 1860