An election is a formal decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold public office.

HISTOR

YOF ELECTIONS IN INDIA

India has a federal government.

The head of government, Prime

Minister, is elected by the members

of Lok Sabha. All members of Lok

Sabha except two, who can be

nominated by president of India,

are elected by the direct elections.

Members of Rajya Sabha are

elected by elected members of the

legislative assemblies.

In 2009, the elections

involved an electorate of 714

million. Declared expenditure

has trebled since 1989 to

almost $300 million, using

more than one million

electronic voting machines.

the election date is

Lok Sabha represents Anglo-Indian community, currently having members 545 members.

Rajya Sabha has 245 members. The members are indirectly elected, being achieved by the votes of legislators in the state and union territories.

The Parliament of India comprises the head of state and the two Houses rajya sabha and lok sabha.

Political parties that wish to contest local, state or national elections are required to be registered. Here are few political parties that contest in the elections

at national level:Bahujan Samaj Party ElephantBharatiya Janata Party LotusCommunist Party of India SickleIndian National Congress HandNationalist Congress Party Clock

Chairman: Sonia GandhiLeader of lok sabha: sushilkumar shindheLeader of rajya sabha: manmohan singhFounded: december28, 1885

Leader in Lok Sabha: Sushma SwarajLeader in Rajya Sabha: Arun Jaitley

Chairperson: rajnath singhFounded: December 1980

BAHUJAN SAMAJ PARTY

Chairperson: mayawatiLeader in Lok Sabha: Rajesh VermaLeader in Rajya Sabha: MayawatiFounded:1984

COMMUNIST PARTY OF INDIA

Secretary General: S.Sudhakar ReddyFounded: December 26, 1925

NATIONALIST CONGRESS PARTY

Chairperson: sharad panwar

HISTORY OF POLITICAL

PARTIESThe dominance of the Indian

National Congress was broken for

the first time in 1977, with the

defeat of the party led by Indira

Gandhi. A similar coalition, led by

VP Singh came in power in 1989.

It lost its steam in 1990.the

parties like the TDP and the

AIADMK had been strong regional

contenders, the parties like Lok

Dal, Samajwadi Party, Bahujan

Samaj Party and the Janata Dal

came in 1990s.

Presently, the United Progressive

Alliance led by the Congress Party

is in power, Manmohan Singh was

re-elected the Prime Minister of

India.

An election is a contest between different candidates from various parties out of which the voters elect one as their representative. There may also be independent candidates taking part in the election. There are following stages in the electoral process:

1.DELIMITATION OF CONSTITUENCIES

First of all the entire area-the whole country in the case of Lok Sabha elections and of that particular State in the case of Legislative Assembly elections-is divided into as many constituencies as there are seats.

2.PREPARATION OF VOTER’S LIST

After the demarcation of constituency, the voters' list of each constituency is prepared and published.

3.FILLING OF NOMINATION

PAPER

The dates of election, filing of nomination papers and withdrawals are fixed by the Election Commission. Any person, who wants to fight the election, can file his nomination papers. Every candidate has to deposit some security along with his nomination papers.

4.SCRUNITY OF NOMINATION FORM AND

WITHDRAWAL

A date is fixed for the scrutiny of all the nomination papers. If the nomination papers of any candidate are found to be not in order, they are rejected.

5.ELECTION CAMPAIGN

The next stage in the election is the election campaign by the candidates and political parties. Posters are distributed, meetings are held and speeches are delivered. it ends 48 hours before the election. It should be according to the election laws, no party or candidate can:(i) bribe or threaten the voters.(ii) appeal to the voters in the name of caste or religion.(iii) use government resources for election campaign.(iv) spend more than 25 lakhs for a Lok Sabha Election and Rs. 10 lakh for an Assembly Election.In case they indulge in any of the above practices their election can be annulled by the court.

On the date fixed earlier, voting takes place. For voting, election booths are set up. Voters go to the polling booths and cast their votes for the candidates of their choice. Voting is held by secret ballot. These days Electronic Voting Machines (EVM) is used to record votes. EVM has the names of the candidates and their election symbols. The voters have to press the button against the name and symbol

of the candidate they wish to vote for.

6.VOTING

7.COUNTING OF VOTE AND DECLARATION OF RESULT

the ballot boxes are opened before the candidates or their agents and votes are counted under the supervision of the returning officer. A candidate who gets the highest number of votes is declared elected.

If any candidate feels that the election in his Constituency has not been held properly, he can file an election petition in the Court. If the objections raised are found to be correct the court can set aside that election. In that Constituency, the election will be held again.

8.ELECTION PETITION

THE ELECTION COMMISION

The Election Commission of India is federal authority responsible for all the electoral processes in India. It supervise elections in India. The Election Commission has the power of superintendence, direction and control of all elections. The commission consists of a Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) and two Election Commissioners (EC), appointed by the President of India. The current CEC is V.S.Sampath.