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ELECTRIC TRACTION

SYSTEMS

Prepared By :

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MOTIVATION

Sheer size and roaring sound.

Use of electronics to bring down distance

and time.

A fascination for electrical students

- Use of traction motors

- Speed Control

- Braking

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TOPICS TO BE DISCUSSED

Traction system, its classification and

nomenclature.

Power Supply in Electric Traction (AC and

DC systems).

Traction motors used.

Control of traction motors.

Braking.

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TRACTION SYSTEM,

ITS CLASSIFICATION

AND

NOMENCLATURE

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INTRODUCTION

Traction - locomotion on the rails (driving

force - steam or electric drive)

Classification of Traction Systems:> Non-Electric

> Electric

- receive electricity externally- self contained locomotives

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NOMENCLATURE IN INDIAN

RAILWAYSName consists of four parts

e.g. WDP2: Diesel-Electric Passenger train running on broad gauge

W/Y/Z

(Gauge

type)

A/D

(Mode of

traction)

P/G/M/S

(What for it

is used)

2/4/6/2C

(Model

No.)

W B.G.

Y M.G.

Z N.G.

A AC Traction

D Diesel-Electric

Traction (Not DC Traction)

P Passenger

G Goods

M Mixed (Passenger and Goods)S Shunting

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TYPES OF RAILWAY SERVICESMain line service

City service or urban service

Sub-urban service

Type of Gauge Gauge Width

1. Standard Gauge or Broad Gauge (B.G) 1.676 m

2. Meter Gauge (M.G) 1.0 m

3. Narrow Gauge (N.G) 0.762 m4. Light Gauge (L.G) 0.610 m

TYPES OF GAUGES USED

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SYSTEMS OF TRACK

ELECTRI-FICATION Direct current system

Single phase low frequency a.c system

Single phase high frequency a.c system

Three phase a.c system

Composite system

- Single phase to Three phase

- Single Phase to Direct Current

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POWER SUPPLY IN

ELECTRIC TRACTION

(AC AND DC SYSTEMS)

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POWER SUPPLY IN ELECTRIC

TRACTION

Conductor Rail System

Overhead System

Horn

Pantograph arm

Contact strips

Fig: Pantograph and its parts

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OVERHEAD LINE CATENARY

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TYPES OF OVERHEAD

CATENARY

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CONTROL

OF

TRACTION MOTORS

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CONTROL OF DC TRACTION

MOTORS

Rheostatic Control Series-Parallel Control

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CONTROL OF DC TRACTION

MOTORS (Contd.) Field Weakening Method

Diesel-Electric Locomotive Control

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CONTROL OF AC INDUCTION

MOTOR

Rheostatic Control

Pole-Changing Control

Cascade Control

Combination of Cascading and Pole-Changing Control

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BRAKING

OF

TRACTION MOTORS

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BRAKING Electrical Braking

- Plugging

- Rheostatic Braking

- Regenerative Braking

Mechanical Braking

- Compressed Air Brake

- Vacuum Brake

- Magnetic Track Brake

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REGENERATIVE BRAKING

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ADVANCED TRACTION

SYSTEMS

Multiple Unit Traction System (EMU,

DMU) Driving force from multiple units

EMU suburban railway transport

Rheostatic Control

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CONCLUSION

Advanced technologies Magnetic

Levitation used for ultra high speed trains

Electric traction economical, easy andsafe

ANY QUESTIONS ???