The Basics:EV: electric vehiclesAn electric vehicle (EV), also referred to as an

electric drive vehicle, uses one or more electric motors or traction motors for propulsion.

Electric vehicles first came into existence in the mid-19th century, when electricity was among the preferred methods for motor vehicle propulsion, providing a level of comfort and ease of operation that could not be achieved by the gasoline cars of the time.

The ComponentsWhat is out there that you need to have to

build an EV (besides batteries)?MotorControllerChargerDC/DC ConverterHeaterInstrumentationContactor(s)Safety Equipment

MotorsTypically brushed DC series wound

Motors are available and inexpensive100% torque at 0 RPMNo inverter stage requiredLower voltage system (72-156VDC)Bearings and brushes are potential

maintenance items

Motors

ControllersIn General, Volts = Speed, Amps = Torque

Curtis[to 144 VDC, 500 Amps]

Auburn Scientific[ 192 VDC, 1200 Amps]

DCP[to 336 VDC, 600/1200 Amps]

EVCL[to 336 VDC, 1200 Amps]

Controllers

GeneratorOnboard generators and hybrid electric

vehicle.renewable sources such as solar power: solar

vehiclegenerated on-board using a diesel engine:

diesel-electric locomotivegenerated on-board using a fuel cell: fuel cell

vehiclegenerated on-board using nuclear energy:

nuclear submarines and aircraft carrier

Charging Electric vehicles typically charge from

conventional power outlets or dedicated charging stations, a process that typically takes hours, but can be done overnight and often gives a charge that is sufficient for normal everyday usage.

Charging

InstrumentationInstrumentation can be as simple as an

expanded scale voltmeter, but can be sophisticated, and include:Traction Pack VoltmeterBattery Current AmmeterMotor Current AmmeterAmp-hour/kWh meter .

SafetyInertia switch to deactivate contactor(s)

same as is used to shut off fuel pumps in ICE cars

AGM batteries - no spillageService disconnects - BIG circuit breakersFusesTraction pack is electrically isolated from

frameCrash load rating recommended for battery

boxes

ContactorsBIG relays for switching traction pack

PerformanceAcceleration and speed

About the same as ICERanges from economy car to muscle car.DC motors great for drag racing

Emission

The EV’s are eco-friendly and greatly help in reducing the pollution caused by the vehicles.

The study called BELFAST BUS SURVEY clearly explains it.

SURVEY.Fuel Consumed (kWh/mile)

Diesel Electric Savings4.9 2.2 55%

Pollutants (gms/mile) Diesel Electric Savings

CO2 1331 1058 21%CO 7.64 0.18 98%NOx+SO2 19.96 11.52 42%Hydrocarbons 2.74 0.18 93%Particulates 5.1 0.2 96%

Web Reference

Google.comWikipediaAllaboutstuff.comProjects.comGreen energy.com

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