ANALYSIS ON THE POWER SYSTEM AUTOMATION S.SHYLESH II-B.TECH ABSTRACT In today’s scenario, we have the power distribution through the transmission lines by manual methods. It may cause some major problems and inefficiency. This problem can be avoided by Power system automation. This paper explains about the automatic power supply system, known as Power system automation which controls power by instrumentation and control device. Intelligent Electronic devices are used to control the automation system. It uses several steps like Data acquisition, Monitoring, Controlling. It uses instruments like Transducer, RTU, DFR, PLC, IED, I&C Systems. LTC, Re closer controller and communication processor is used as controlling device. Its applications are SCADA and Over current protector. Its advantages and Disadvantages are explained and it’s benefits are analysed. This modern technology is very useful information which paves way for efficient power transmission. KEYWORDS: Intelligent Electronic Device, Transducer, Remote terminal unit, Digital fault recorder, Programmable logic controller, Load tap changer, Supervisory control and data acquisition, Instrumentation and control system.
Transcript
ANALYSIS ON THE POWER SYSTEM AUTOMATION
S.SHYLESH
II-B.TECH
ABSTRACT
In today’s scenario, we have the power distribution through the transmission lines by
manual methods. It may cause some major problems and inefficiency. This problem can be avoided
by Power system automation. This paper explains about the automatic power supply system, known
as Power system automation which controls power by instrumentation and control device.
Intelligent Electronic devices are used to control the automation system. It uses several steps like
Data acquisition, Monitoring, Controlling. It uses instruments like Transducer, RTU, DFR, PLC,
IED, I&C Systems. LTC, Re closer controller and communication processor is used as controlling
device. Its applications are SCADA and Over current protector. Its advantages and Disadvantages
are explained and it’s benefits are analysed. This modern technology is very useful information
which paves way for efficient power transmission.
KEYWORDS:
Intelligent Electronic Device, Transducer, Remote terminal unit, Digital fault recorder,
Programmable logic controller, Load tap changer, Supervisory control and data acquisition,
Instrumentation and control system.
“DEVELOPMENT OF EMBEDDED BOOST CONVERTER FOR INFRARED PLASTIC SOLAR CELL”
G. SENTHIL KUMAR, Prof. S. INDIRA, Asst. Prof.
ABSTRACT
Conventional type solar cells photovoltaic (PV) cells are made of special materials called
semiconductors such as silicon which is currently the most commonly used. It is not so favourable
on cloudy days, thus creating a problem. This major draw back led to the thought of development of
new type of solar cell embedded with nanotechnology. In addition, a Converter is used to step up
solar panel voltage to a stable voltage without storage element such as battery. Existing materials
are only able to harness the sun’s visible light. While half of the solar’s power lies in the visible
spectrum, the other half lies in the infrared spectrum. The new material is first plastic compound
that is able to harness infrared portion.
The solar cell created is actually a hybrid, comprised of tiny nanorods dispersed in an
organic polymer or plastic. Then the nanorods are mixed with a plastic semiconductor called p3ht-
poly-(3-hexylthiophene) a transparent electrode is coated with the mixture. When they absorb light
of a specific wavelength, they generate a electron plus and electron hole a vacancy in the crystal
that moves around just like a electron. The electron travels the length of the rod until it is collected
by aluminium electrode. The hole is transferred to the plastic, which is known as a hole carrier and
conveyed to the electrode, creating a current. In the existing solar cells , the nanorods are jumbed up
in the polymer leading to losses of current via electron hole recombination and thus lower
efficiency. The design of the boost converter is implemented with a control technique based on
voltage feedback control. This voltage feedback control algorithm is implemented using PIC
16F877a microcontroller. It repeatedly tracks the output voltage of the boost converter. It sets a
duty cycle of a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal for the boost converter as an output signal.
The duty cycle will change whenever the output voltage changes. Then, the converter produces
constant output voltage which can be fed to the load. The system is designed with no storage
elements to avoid size and maintenance cost.
Keywords: Boost converter, Microcontroller, MOSFET driver, Nanorods, Plastic solar cell,
Voltage divider
PIXEL METHOD FUSION OF COLOR COMPONENTS IN FPGA
M.Thamarai selvan G Senthil Kumar
Assistant Professor, Professor
Abstract
In recent years, Image fusion has mainly play role the modern society. Different various fusion
methods have been proposed mainly in the field of digital image processing and real time
processing domain. In this Paper, a Configure the pixel and using the different types of method as is
employed and implemented with FPGA which is suitable sensing areas. In this technique of the
pixel transformation are using different type of matrix method as follows like as cholesky
decomposition method and transformation method. After the configured data is sense into the
different modules of the circuit. Finally the resulting of color properties is selected in the way of
correlation between components of colors. In this paper, real time implementation is proposed. The
based upon ALTERA Cyclone II FPGA and using a pixel algorithm which is able to result in color
fused images using in VHDL. The overall architecture is based on a modules, matrix manipulation,
cholesky decomposition and transformation.
Index Terms – Components of color properties, Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGAs),
Hardware implementation, and Image fusion.
INVESTIGATIONS OF ANN BASED INDIRECT VECTOR CONTROL OF INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE.
Pradeep B Jyoti, J.Amarnath, D.Subbarayudu Professor Professor Professor
ABSTRACT Indirect field orientation (IFO) induction machine drives are increasingly employed in industrial
drive systems, but the performance of the drive often degrades. Motor works on best performance at
certain voltage and frequency for certain loads. In this paper on artificial neural network is prepared
to predict the operating voltage and frequency when the load torque and speed is going to change,
so that the motor efficiency is increased. Simulation and experimental results are shown to validate
the scheme.
IMPLEMENTATION OF 8 PORT ADAPTIVE NETWORKS ON CHIP
ARCHITECTURE USING VLSI TECHNIQUE K.Karthika, S.Rekha, M.E.
(II M.E Student) . (Assistant Professor)
ABSTRACT
Networks-on-chip have emerged as a promising on-chip interconnects for future
multi/many-core architectures as Networks-on-chip are able to scale communication links with the
growing number of cores. State-of-the-art Networks-on-chip designs rely mainly on a static
network configuration using fixed routing algorithms and buffer placements. These approaches are
not effective in dealing with hard-to-predict system behavior. This problem can be solved by using
runtime adaptive network-on-chip. Adaptive route allocation algorithm which provides a required
level of quality of services coupled with an adaptive buffer assignment scheme which reassigns
buffer blocks on-demand. The area overhead is also reduced by resource multiplexing due to the
on-demand buffer assignment at each output port. This project proposes a new router topology
which is used to reduce the buffer size, and a new adaptive routing algorithm for 8-port router
Architecture reduces the network routing time. The Cartesian Network-On-Chip can be simulated
using xilinx software.
AN FPGA IMPLEMENTATION OF OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM FOR THE
REMOVAL OF IMPULSE NOISE USING CLOUD MODEL A.Pandimeena, R.Shruthi Eswari,
(II M.E Student), (Assistant Professor)
ABSTRACT
Uncertainties are the major inherent feature of impulse noise. This fact makes image denoising a difficult
task. Understanding the uncertainties can improve the performance of image denoising. This paper presents
a novel adaptive detail-preserving filter based on the cloud model to remove impulse noise. It is called the
cloud model filter. First, an uncertainty-based detector identifies the pixels corrupted by impulse noise.
Then, a weighted fuzzy mean filter is applied to remove the noise candidates. The experimental results
show that, compared with the traditional switching filters, the cloud model filter makes a great
improvement in image denoising. Even at a noise level as high as 95%, the cloud model filter still can
restore the image with good detail preservation .This project is used to optimization algorithm for the
removal of impulse noise IN video using cloud model and also implemented in xilinx software.
ANFIS BASED TUMOR AND LYMPH NODE DETECTION IN THROCIC
IMAGE Saranya.E, Mr.R.Sathis Kumar
M.E.,
(II –ME student) (Assistant
professor)
ABSTRACT
Analysis of primary lung tumors and disease in regional lymph nodes is important for lung cancer
staging, and an automated system that can detect both types of abnormalities will be helpful for clinical
routine. In this paper, we proposed a new method to automatically detect both tumors and abnormal lymph
nodes simultaneously from positron emission tomography-computed tomography thoracic images. There
are five main phases involved in the proposed system. They are image pre-processing, extraction of lung
region from computer tomography images, segmentation of lung region, feature extraction from the
segmented region, classification of lung cancer as benign or malignant. Initially preprocessing is used for
image denoising, and then segmentation is performed using global thresholding and morphological
operations. Textural features extracted from the lung nodules using gray level co-occurrence matrix
(GLCM), local binary pattern, wavelet features. For classification, ANFIS is used. The main aim of the
method is to develop a system for finding the lung tumor and abnormal lymph nodes using the lung CT
images and classify the tumor as Benign or Malignant. The malignant is further classified as aggressive,
invasive and metastasis using ANFIS.
Comparison of Optical Amplifiers
Prof.I.Ravi Kumar, Prof.N.Bala Saraswathi.
Abstract
Fiber optic communication systems are being extensively used all over the world for various
telecommunication, video and data transmission purposes. The demand for transmission over the global
telecommunication network will continue to grow at an exponential rate and only fiber optics will be able
to meet the challenge. The progress of optical fiber communication has been advancing rapidly for the past
two decades. In this paper, several technologies of optical amplifiers have been discussed with their
applications that are suitable for the low-cost, moderate performance application space. These amplifiers
must be small in size and easy to control to allow their use in many places in the network. The different
technologies, such as EDFA, Raman amplifiers and SOA, have different properties making them suitable
This paper deals with a comprehensive review of single phase power quality improvement
converter configurations control approaches, performance on supply and load side in terms of
input power factor THD and well regulated reduced-rippled dc output, power rating cost and
selection for specific application. It provides state of the art of power quality improvement
converter technology to researches designers and engineering working on single phase
switched mode ac-dc converters. The generation of harmonics and reactive power flow in a
power system is greatly influenced by the wide spread use of power electronics converter in
addition to other source of harmonics and reactive power.
MITIGATION OF VOLTAGE SAG IN THE SYSTEM USING PWM SWITCHED AUTOTRANSFORMER
V. Mohamed Ibrahim S.Rajendran PG student Assistant professor
Abstract The main objective of this paper is to mitigate voltage sag in the system using PWM switched
autotransformer. which can able to identify the disturbance and mitigate the disturbance by
maintaining load voltage at desired magnitude. And also this the one of the control scheme
for compensate the voltage sag as well as voltage swell condition in three phase power
system network. The main cause for voltage sag is sensitive load. For sensitive loads, voltage
sag of short duration can cause serious problems. basically voltage interruption triggers a
protection device, which cause shutdown of the entire load. Here this paper proposes a
method for mitigating the voltage sag based on the pulse width modulated autotransformer.
this scheme is able to quickly detect the voltage sag condition, and it can correct the voltage
by boosting the input voltage during the voltage sag condition. this paper have the new
voltage control method as well as the voltage detection method, the peak detection method
and the commutation logic for the thyristor bypass switch.
Performance of a High-Efficiency Switched-Capacitor-Based Resonant Converter with Phase-Shift Control In closed loop system
R.kala, M. Sivasubramani
PG Scalar, Asst prof Abstract
This project present operating performance of switched- capacitor -based resonant convertor
(SCRC) using a phase-shift control method with closed loop system. The proposed phase-shift control
realizes zero–voltage switching operation, and thus achieves high conversion efficiency. A theoretical
analysis shows that the SCRC can reduce its inductor volume compared with a conventional buck
convertor when the output voltage range is within 19% - 81% of its input voltage. Experimental results
verify the operating characteristics of the proposed method and show the improved conversion efficiency
of more than 99%. The closed loop system reduces the conduction loss and improves the efficiency.
Recently, resonant power converters consisting of an SCC and a small-rated resonant inductor have been
proposed to reduce the switching loss and Electromagnetic interference (EMI). The resonant converter has
many similarities with SCCs in its circuit topology and operating behaviour. Therefore, this project refers
to the resonant converter, which consists of an SCC and a small-rated resonant inductor inserted in series
with the switched capacitor as “switched-capacitor-based resonant converters (SCRCs).”
22
CONCEPT OF MODERNIZED NUMERICAL RELAY WITH WATCHDOG TIMERS TO
ACHIEVE RELIABILITY
R.Gunasekari D.Mary
Asst. Profeessor, Professor
Abstract
The recent trend in protection has been a shift to numerical relay protection techniques, thanks to
the development using the single chip digital signal processors with high crunching capability, which has
made it possible to design digital filters in real time. In the protection field, numerical techniques have got
first application to line protection, and other complementary functions like fault locator, disturbance
recorder & auto-reclosing. The present work describes latest salient features of the numerical protection
technology, different multifunctional relays going to be installed in modern power system protection and
their methods of protection. Malfunction of relay protection is one of the main causes of the heavy failures
that periodically occur in power systems all over the world. Thus the reliability of a power system depends
on the reliability of relay protection in many respects. Watchdog timers are an excellent way to insure that
a microprocessor based system continues to operate unattended if occasional failures occur. The way that a
watchdog timer does its job is to monitor a particular signal sent by the microprocessor.
Keywords: Watchdog Timer, CPU, Reliability
23
MODIFIED PLL STRUCTURE FOR GRID CONNECTED WIND ENERGY CONVERSION
SYSTEMS
R. Hurshan Kumar, D. Sunitha (Assistant Professor ) (Assistant Professor )
ABSTRACT
The main purpose of this project is to improve the power quality issues of grid connected
wind energy conversion system. The proposed system consists of a three phase wind energy system inter
connected with grid using phase locked loop (PLL) structure. In this project the modified single phase PLL
structure based on PQ theory, where lag structure based on integrator is proposed instead of a conventional
lag structure. The diode rectifier is used to convert three phase AC to DC voltage and then DC voltage is
convert into single phase AC voltage using inverter. The voltage source inverter (VSI) is driven by a space
vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM). The maximum power transfer is achieved by using a maximum
power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm based on steepest ascent method. The operation of the system is
verified through the MATLAB simulations.
24
KNN CLASSIFIER BASED SMILE DETECTION AND PIXEL DIFFERNECE FOR REAL TIME APPLICATION
S.N.Kumar J.Jenil AssistantProfessor PG Scholar
ABSTRACT
Smile detection in face images captured in unconstrained real world scenarios is an interesting
problem with many potential applications. In our project work an efficient approach to smile detection, in
which the intensity differences between pixels in the grayscale face images are used as features. We adopt
AdaBoost to choose and combine weak classifiers based on intensity differences to form a strong
classifier. Here we will use KNN Classifier for making intensity difference. Experiments show that our
approach has similar accuracy to the state-of-the-art method but is significantly faster and conclude the
strong and weak pixels from the input data base. The paper is developed in Matlab 10.
ENHANCED FOG DETECTION AND IMAGE ENHANCMENT USING FSS
25
S.Satheeshkumar S.Vengatesh kumar
P.G Student Assistant Professor
Abstract
Free space detection is primary task for car navigation. Unfortunately, classical approaches have difficulties in adverse weather condition in particular in day time fog. A solution is proposed thanks to a contrast restoration approach on images grabbed by an in-vehicle camera. The proposed method improves the state of art in several ways. First, the segmentation of the fog region of interest is better segmented thanks to the computation of shortest of routes maps. Second, the fog density as well as the position of the horizon line are jointly computed. Finally a segmentation of the connected component in front of the vehicle gives free space area. The proposed method is complementary to existing free space area detection methods relying on color segmentation and stereovision. FSS with ROI image on Geodesic map which compare visual enhancement of all region in that image using koschmieder’s law
Keywords – Segmentation, free space detection, koschmieder’s law , FSS with ROI
ENHANCED FOG DETECTION AND IMAGE ENHANCEMENT USING FSS
S.SATHEESHKUMAR,
Student
26
.
ABSTRACT:
Fog image enhancement is the primary task. Unfortunately, classical approaches have
difficulties in adverse weather condition in particular in day time fog. A solution is proposed
thanks to a contrast restoration approach on images. The proposed method improves the state of the
art in several ways. First, modeling fog effects in the images by using KoschmiedersLaw. Second,
the fog density as well as the position of the horizon line is jointly computed. Third, segmentation
of the fog images with region of interest are calculated using Free Space Segmentation. Finally,
free space detection is estimated.
Multilevel Inverter for electrical vehicle application Minimizing switches and harmonics
27
RAMAKRISHNAN.V.M
Asst proof
Abstract This paper presents multilevel inverters as an application for electric vehicle motor drives. Diode-
clamped inverters and cascaded H-bridge inverters (1) can generate near-sinusoidal voltages with only
fundamental frequency switching; (2) have almost no electromagnetic interference and common mode
voltage; and (3) make an electric vehicle more accessible safer and open wiring possible for most of an
EV's power system. This paper explores the benefits and discusses control schemes of the cascade inverter
for use as an EV motor drive or a parallel hybrid electric vehicle drive and the diode-clamped inverter as a
series hybrid electric vehicle motor drive. Analytical, simulated, and experimental results show the
superiority of these multilevel inverters for this new niche.
28
SQUARE WAVE OPERATION OF A THREE PHASE DRIVE FOR IMPROVING
POWER FACTOR
K.Vignesh R.Govindarajulu
PG Scalar, AP
Abstract
The abstract of this project is to implement square wave operation of a three phase drive to
improve power factor. Poor power factor caused by reactive linear circuit elements results as the current
either leads or lags the voltage, depending on whether the load looks capacitive or inductive A PWM
rectifier has high efficiency and a good solution for power factor correction (PFC). A control strategy for a
reactor-free converter has been proposed to apply in a square-wave operation with an adjustable speed
drive motor. The known problem is where the current distortion in the power supply occurs when the
inverter outputs square waveforms. In order to overcome the problem, a feed forward control has been
proposed to suppress the input current distortion with a square-wave operation.
29
Magnetic Resonance Brain Tumor Image Classification Using Hybrid Feature Selection
S.Vijaya Dr.D.Somasundareswari .
P.G.Student Dean/Electrical sciences.
Abstract This paper presents a hybrid technique for the classification of the magnetic resonance brain tumor images. The proposed technique consists of two stages, namely, feature extraction and wrapper based hybrid feature selection with classification. The various features obtained at first stage analysis include, First Order Statistical Features(FOSF ), Gray Level Run Length Feature(GLRLF), Spatial Gray Level Dependent Features(SGLDF ), Gray Level Dependent Features(GLDF), Shape Features. The dominant features from the extraction level are selected by prominent optimization algorithm PSO. Kernel parameter setting in the SVM training procedure, along with the feature selection, significantly influences the classification accuracy. This paper simultaneously determines the parameter values while discovering a subset of features, without reducing SVM classification accuracy. In this paper modified particle swarm optimization (PSO) based approach for parameter determination and feature selection of the MCSVM, termed Modified PSO+MCSVM, is proposed. The developed approach was compared with PSO+MCSVM wrapper approach with SVM classifier. The proposed method provides high classification accuracy with lower computational effort. This result show that the proposed hybrid techniques are robust and effective compared with other recently work. Keywords−Magnetic Resonance Image(MRI), First order First Order Statistical Features (FOSF), Gray Level Run Length Feature (GLRLF), Spatial Gray Level Dependent Features (SGLDF), Gray Level Dependent Features (GLDF), Particle swarm optimization(PSO), Support vector machine(SVM), Multi Class Support vector machine(MCSVM).
30
FUSED FLOATING POINT OPERATION FOR DOUBLE PRECISION IN VLSI
DESIGN A.Srimathi S.Madhusuthanan D.Babukannan Student student Assistant Professor
Abstract
This paper describe about the double precision of fused floating point operation in FFT implementation.
The fused operations are a two term dot product and an add – subtract unit. The double precision
floating point operations are mainly based on IEEE 754 adders which describe the uses of flagged prefix
addition to merge rounding with the significant addition. Due to the parallel operation of fused floating
is used to provide the best throughput but which is expensive in silicon area and in power consumption.
The double precisions are used to minimize the accumulation of round off errors. Dual-path designs
reduce the latency by 30% compared to the discrete design with area and power consumption between
that of the discrete and fused design. The proposed design is fully compliant with the IEEE 754-2008
standard formats decimal64 and decimal128. To improve the performance of the fused floating point
add-subtract unit, a dual path algorithm and pipelining are employed.
31
Enhancing NBTI Recovery In SRAM Arrays Through Fine And Coarse Grained Boosting
Brindha Maruthayee.M Vinoth.G
P.G.Scholar Assistant professor
Abstract
Reliability is one of the biggest challenges facing the microprocessor industry today. With continued
scaling technology, processors are becoming increasingly susceptible to hard errors. Hard errors are
permanent faults that occur due to wearing out of hardware structures overtime. These failures occur
partly due to design time factors such as process parameters and wafer packing, as well as runtime
factor such as the utilization of the hardware resources and the operating temperature. One important
hard error phenomenon is negative bias temperature instability (NBTI). SRAM based structures are
susceptible to NBTI since one the pmos devices in the memory cell always has an input of “0”. The
technique used to overcome NBTI is recovery boosting. Previously proposed technique takes some
time to put pmos into recovery mode. So fine grained recovery boosting is proposed in this paper.
The fine-grained recovery boosting approach can be used for small static random access memory
(SRAM) arrays. In future work, plan to study the use of coarse-grained recovery boosting, which
imposes less area overheads, for designing caches. The coarse grained recovery boosting allows
many SRAM cell to put into the recovery mode by slightly modifying the design of convention
SRAM cell. The architecture of the physical register and instruction queue is studied. Power
consumption and delay of SRAM in conventional mode, normal recovery boosting mode, and fine
grained recovery boosting mode are calculated. MICROWIND and XILINX tools are used to
calculate power and delay respectively.
Keywords— Negative bias temperature instability (NBTI), Static random access memory (SRAM),
Word line (WL), Bit line (BL), Positive bias temperature instability (PBTI).
32
Page 33 of 94
MULTIPLEXED NETWORKS FOR AUTOMOTIVE EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
SATHISHKUMAR V *
Assistant Professor,
Abstract
There is presented communication system design with autonomous control elements on the field of
automotive industry in this paper. The main objective of this document is description of the inter
communication system with integrated multiplexed networks. The functions embedded in a car and
its performance and safety needs totally depend upon the communication system and its common for
all functional domain of the car. The automotive industry accomplished this communication by using
communication protocols.
Page 34 of 94
Efficient Bridgeless CUK Rectifiers for
Power factor Correction D.Prasad , R.Govindarajulu PG
Scalar, AP
ABSTRACT
This project three new bridgeless single-phase ac–dc power factor correction (PFC) rectifiers
based on CUK topology are proposed. The absence of an input diode bridge and the presence of only
two semiconductor switches in the current flowing path during each interval of the switching cycle
result in less conduction losses to the conventional CUK PFC rectifier.
The proposed topologies are designed to work in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) to
achieve almost a unity power factor and low total harmonic distortion of the input current. The DCM
operation gives additional advantages such as zero-current turn-on in the power switches, zero-
current
Page 35 of 94
High-Efficiency Single-Phase
Transformer less by Using Photovoltaic Inverter
D.JEGAN , A.SENTHAMARAI KANNAN
PG Scalar, professor
Abstract
This paper presents There is a strong trend in the photovoltaic inverter technology to use
transformer less topologies in order to acquire higher efficiencies combining with very low ground
leakage current. In this paper, a new topology, based on the H-bridge with a new ac bypass circuit
consisting of a diode rectifier and a switch with clamping to the dc midpoint, is proposed. The
topology is simulated and experimentally validated, and a comparison with other existing topologies
is performed. High conversion efficiency and low leakage current are demonstrated.
Ac to Dc Bridgeless SEPIC Converter for Power Quality Improvement
R.Sreedhar Mrs.C.Vidhya
PG student Assistant Professor
Abstract:
In real world there is a need of high voltage dc supply. To convert ac to dc normally bridge rectifiers
are used. There are some problems created due to the use of more number of power electronic
components like high switching voltage stress, complexity of circuit control and poor power factor.
In conventional bridge rectifiers the total harmonic distortion (THD), electromagnetic interferences
also in considerable level. The required number of electronic devices also high in bridge type
rectifiers. To compensate these drawbacks the bridgeless SEPIC PFC rectifier is proposed here. To
demonstrate the probability of the proposed technique simulation results are presented here.
Keywords: single ended primary inductance converter (SEPIC), total harmonic distortion (THD),
power factor correction (PFC), discontinuous current mode (DCM).
Page 36 of 94
A HIGH EFFICIENCY SEVENTH LEVEL SELECTIVE HARMONICS
ELIMINATION FOR CMV REDUCTION
P.RAMESH A. NAZAR ALI
PG Scalar professor
ABSTRACT
This paper proposes a hybrid selective harmonic elimination pulse width modulation (SHEPWM)
scheme for common-mode voltage reduction in three-level neutral-point-clamped inverter-based
induction motor drives. The scheme uses the conventional SHEPWM (C-SHEPWM) to control the
inverter at high frequency (≥ 0.9 motor rated frequency) and uses the modified (SHEPWM (M-
SHEPWM) to control the inverter at low frequency. It also uses a scheme to ensure the smooth
transition between the two SHEPWM schemes. As a result, at high frequency, the C-SHEPWM
provides the required high modulation index for the five for common-mode voltage reduction; the M-
SHEPWM is used to suppress the common-mode voltage. Experimental results show that the proposed
hybrid SHEPWM scheme could meet the modulation index need of the motor and reduce the common-
mode voltage in the drive, and the two SHEPWM schemes could transition smoothly. Index Terms—
Bearing current, common-mode voltage (CMV), selective harmonic elimination pulse width
modulation (SHEPWM), three-level inverter.
Page 37 of 94
AUTOMOTIVE EMBEDDED
APPLICATION USING CAN CONTROLLER
Balachandra Pattanaik R.Balaji, P.Dinesh, R.Theriarun, Professor student student student
Abstract
To improve system compatibility and portability, recently embedded processor based implementation
platform has become an attractive option for practitioners. This paper presents control design of a
positioning stage using embedded hardware. The applied controls and the system identification process for
the repetitive controller design were realized. This deals with the development of reliability models for
hardware systems and hardware defined software systems. The computing system or logical system
enhances the reliability of long life applications with the known hardware component failures. The cost and
complexity constraints are considered to get the optimal number of redundant components necessary to
achieve maximum reliability. In order to maintain temporal consistency of environmental and processed
data we need support of real-time database. This temporal consistency is essential to maintain exact status of
environment. The real-time scheduling is essential for timely execution of various tasks running in the
application. The consistent data and timely execution of tasks is crucial for proper functioning of automotive
systems. The components of a automotive system need to communicate without any delay or error which is
guaranteed by real-time communication system.
Keywords: Reliability,FT CAN, Automotive embedded system
Page 38 of 94
Dstatcom – Based Three Phase Supply Unit Using Constant Current Method
S.Veerakumar S.Kumaresan
Abstract
As commercial and industrial customers become more than reliant on high-quality and high-reliability electric power.
Insufficient power quality can be caused disturbances from loads that mainly result in harmonics; voltage imbalance
and poor power factor all this lead to increased fuel consumption and reduced life of the DG sets. Each custom power
device can be considered to be a type of power-conditioning device.
In general, power-conditioning technology includes all devices used to correct end-user problems in response to
harmonic distortion and voltage imbalance and poor power factor.
The relation between distributed generation and power quality is an ambiguous one. For example, in areas like
where voltage support is difficult, three phase units such as diesel generators provide power supply. At the same time
if any faults are occurring in the system the diesel generator must be capable of providing the power supply without
any problems to the customers. Hence in order to ensure the reliability of power to the customers it is necessary to
install some compensating devices such that these devices provides the required reactive power to the generators
during fault instants such that the reactive power drawn from the supply will be nil and the other customers will not be
affected.
Finally DSTATCOM is possible to reduce the voltage fluctuations like sag and swell conditions in distribution
systems. The DSTATCOM which can be used at the PCC for improving power quality with the help of IcosФ
algorithm.DSTATCOM is applied to a simple Distributed Generation system consisting of AC generators like
Induction and Synchronous Generators and the system is analyzed by applying faults at various points. Finally the
best power system unit to be installed with DSTATCOM using IcosФ algorithm.
Page 39 of 94
Vector Controlled Doubly Fed Induction Generator’s Maximum Power
Tracking and Loss Minimization Considering Core Loss 1V.Shankar ,
PG Scalar,
Abstract
To get maximum output power from a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG),
it is essential to extract maximum mechanical power from the wind turbine and to
minimize generator losses. The goal of maximum power tracking and minimum loss is
usually achieved through vector control of rotor current. In other words, the d-axis and
q-axis rotor currents Idr and Iqr must be properly controlled as wind speed changes
with time. In this paper, an analytical approach is developed to determine proper rotor
current commands Idr and Iqr which give maximum mechanical power and minimum
loss based on the measured generator speed. The proposed analytical approach is more
efficient than the exhaustive search approach. Therefore it is more suitable for real-
time performance improvements. In addition, core loss component, which is included
in the DFIG model in order to have more accurate results.
Page 40 of 94
A BOOST HALF BRIDGE PHOTO VOLTAIC MICRO INVERTER SYSTEM
FOR SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR
K.Rajesh M.SIVASUBRAMANI
PG Scalar Assistant Processor
Abstract
In this project, a Boost Half Bridge Photo Voltaic (PV) Micro Inverter System and its
control implementations over Single Phase Induction Motor. In order to achieve low cost,
easy control, high efficiency, and high reliability, a boost-half-bridge dc–dc converter using
minimal devices is introduced to interface the low-voltage PV module. A full-bridge pulse
width-modulated inverter is cascaded and injects synchronized sinusoidal current to the
single phase induction motor. Moreover, a plug-in repetitive current controller based on a
fourth-order linear phase IIR filter is proposed to regulate the single phase induction motor
current using ANFSI. High power factor and very low total harmonic distortions are
guaranteed under both heavy load and light load conditions. Dynamic stiffness is achieved
when load or solar irradiance is changing rapidly. In addition, the dynamic behavior of the
Boost Half Bridge DC – DC converter is analyzed; a customized maximum power point
tracking (MPPT) method, which generates a ramp-changed PV voltage reference, is
developed accordingly by the help of ANFSI. Variable step size is adopted such that both the
fast tracking speed and high MPPT efficiency are obtained. The variable universe ANFIS
control is applied to the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control in this paper. The
variable universe ANFIS control is different from the conventional ANFIS control.
Simulation results are provided to verify the validity and performance of the circuit
operations, current control, and MPPT algorithm of ANFSI.
Page 41 of 94
A Survey on Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine M. Senrayan
Research Scholar,
K.Poornima Assistant Professor,
Abstract
An exciting revolution in health care and medical technology looms large on the
horizon. Yet the agents of change will be microscopically small, future products of a new
discipline known as nanotechnology. Nanotechnology is the engineering of molecularly
precise structures—typically 0.1 microns or smaller—and, ultimately, molecular machines.
Nanomedicine is the application of nanotechnology to medicine. It is the preservation and
improvement of human health, using molecular tools and molecular knowledge of the human
body. Present-day nanomedicine exploits carefully structured nanoparticles such as
dendrimers, carbon fullerenes (buckyballs) and nanoshells to target specific tissues and
organs. These nanoparticles may serve as diagnostic and therapeutic antiviral, antitumor or
anticancer agents. But as this technology matures in the years ahead, complex nanodevices
and even nanorobots will be fabricated, first of biological materials but later using more
durable materials such as diamond to achieve the most powerful results.
EFFECTIVE RESOURCE ALLOCATION IN WIMAX NETWORK 1. J.Ponrani final 2. T.Sasikala final 3. J.Suganya
Abstract: In the last few years there has been significant growth in the area of wireless communication. IEEE 802.16/WiMAX is the network which is designed for providing high speed wide area broadband wireless access; WiMAX is an emerging wireless technology for creating multi-hop Mesh network. Future generation networks will be characterized by variable and high data rates, Quality of Services (QoS), seamless mobility both within a network and between networks of different technologies and service providers. A technology is developed to accomplish these necessities is regular by IEEE, is 802.16, also called as WiMAX (Worldwide
Interoperability for Microwave Access). This architecture aims to apply Long range
connectivity, High data rates, High security, Low power utilization and Excellent
Quality of Services and squat deployment costs to a wireless access technology on a
metropolitan level. In this paper we have observed the performance analysis of
location based resource allocation for WiMAX and WLAN-WiMAX client and in
second phase we observed the rate-adaptive algorithms. We know that base station
(BS) is observed the ranging first for all subscribers then established the link between
them and in final phase they will allocate the resource with Subcarriers allocation
according to the demand (UL) i.e. video, voice and data application. We propose
linear approach, Active-Set optimization and Genetic Algorithm for Resource
Allocation in downlink Mobile WiMAX networks. Purpose of proposed algorithms is
to optimize total throughput. Simulation results show that Genetic Algorithm and
Active-Set algorithm performs better than previous methods in terms of higher
capacities but GA have high complexity
56
Review on Power Quality Improvement and Grid Stabilization in Wind Energy System Using STATCOM
J Sasithar#1 , A Raja*2
#1Junior Researcher, *2Asst.professor,
Keywords: power quality, induction generator, Sag Mitigation.
Abstract
Injection of wind power into an electrical grid affects the power quality, the kinds of power quality issues
were associated with this wind power generation are Harmonic distortion, Blackouts, under or Over
voltage, Voltage sags, Surges and transients. Out of these issues in this paper we are going to be take
voltage sag for our consideration and the generator which connected with the turbine for electric power
generation is an induction generator. In this paper we are going to simulate the Induction generator model
using MATLAB and which delivers only the real power to the grid, inorder to supply/absorb the reactive
power on grid and to mitigate the Voltage sag we are placing the STATCOM.
Page 56 of 94
57
A CASCADED STEP-UP DC-DC CONVERTER WITH SINGLE SWITCH FOR
MICROSOURCE APPLICATIONS
Ranjit Kumar
ABSTRACT
The aim of this Paper is to design and simulate a new step-up DC-DC
converter with single switch for microsource applications. The open loop and
closed loop controlled boost converter are modeled and simulated using the blocks
of simulink. This converter mainly acts as dc interface between various micro
sources and a dc–ac inverter to electricity grid. The proposed converter is a
quadratic boost converter with the coupled inductor in the second boost converter.
This convertor has advantages like high gain and low voltage stress on the power
switch. Additionally, the energy stored in the leakage inductor of the coupled
inductor can be recycled to the output capacitor.
Page 57 of 94
58
SECURITY SYSTEM IN ATM MONEY TRANSACTION USING PIC
16F877/874
Dr. A. Balamurugan A.P.Ramesh Abstract
This paper sets sight on authenticating the conventional ATM money transaction system.
In the prevailing system though the ATM card paves a convenient mode of transactions, it is
subjected to more jeopardy. As technology extends its limit, the way of hacking and cracking
also goes along the road. In our proposed system, in every transaction with the ATM card a
handshaking signal is achieved with the card holder. The handshaking method is achieved by
transferring the transaction time and the purchase details to the mobile of the card holder.
From the acknowledgement and authentication received from the cardholder’s mobile further
transaction proceeds. The system uses the microcontroller unit for the security issues
between the mobile and the card. Reports can also be generated for every successful
authentication. The cardholder will be asked for a reply by the mobile message. The message
from the cardholder is the major authentication command. The microcontroller unit decodes
the message and decides the operation to be performed. Each and every transaction process
the card holders receive the message. If the card holder gives the permission then the
transaction process is continued or otherwise stopped.
Key words: Security in ATM, authentication, money transaction with handshaking.
Page 58 of 94
59
MODELLING OF S-IPFC FOR ACTIVEPOWER ENCHANCEMENT IN
TRANSMISSION LINE B.karthik, G.visalakshi Lecturer/EEE, PG student EEE,
The Separated Interline Power Flow Controller (S-IPFC) presented is a new
concept for a FACTS device. The S-IPFC is an adapted version of the IPFC, which
eliminates the common dc link of the IPFC and enable the separate installation of the
converters. Without location constrain, more power lines can be equipped with the SIPFC,
which gives more control capability of the power flow control. Instead of the
common dc link, the exchange active power between the converters is through the same
ac transmission line at 3rd harmonic frequency. Every converter has its own dc capacitor
to provide the dc voltage. This paper presents the basis theory of the S-IPFC, steady-state
analysis, primary control loop and the corresponding simulation results.
It is derived from the IPFC, and possesses all the control capability of the IPFC. The
‘master’ converter can adjust the voltage magnitude, transmission angle, and line
impedance. The ‘slave’ converter provides the active power for ‘master’ converter, and at
the same time adjusts its own line reactance. The S-IPFC eliminates the common dc link
of the IPFC, which enables the long range installation of converters and gives more
flexibility for the IPFC.
Page 59 of 94
60
FUSED FLOATING POINT OPERATION FOR DOUBLE PRECISION IN VLSI
DESIGN A.Srimathi, D.Babukannan P.G Student Assistant Professor
Abstract
This paper describe about the double precision of fused floating point operation in FFT
implementation. The fused operations are a two term dot product and an add – subtract unit. The
double precision floating point operations are mainly based on IEEE 754 adders which describe
the uses of flagged prefix addition to merge rounding with the significant addition. Due to the
parallel operation of fused floating is used to provide the best throughput but which is expensive
in silicon area and in power consumption. The double precisions are used to minimize the
accumulation of round off errors. Dual-path designs reduce the latency by 30% compared to the
discrete design with area and power consumption between that of the discrete and fused design.
The proposed design is fully compliant with the IEEE 754-2008 standard formats decimal64 and
decimal128. To improve the performance of the fused floating point add-subtract unit, a dual
path algorithm and pipelining are employed.
Page 60 of 94
61
A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION MODEL FOR AUTOMATION OF
ELECTRIC POWER DISTRIBUTION C.SENTHILKUMAR, ABSTRACT
Energy crisis is most important and important topic in this situation. An energy crisis is
any great bottleneck in the supply of energy resources to an economy. In popular literature
though, it often refers to one of the energy sources used at a certain time and place. Energy runs
machinery in factories, lights our cities and powers our vehicles. There has been an enormous
increase in the demand for energy as a result of industrial development and population growth.
Supply of energy is, therefore, far less than the actual demand. Keeping these things in
mind we have designed a project which will be used to maximize the utilization of renewable
energy resources.
In our project we are designing an intelligent microcontroller based system which is programmed
in such a way to connect the power generated from the renewable energy resources so that the
maximum utilization of power is achieved
Page 61 of 94
62
A STUDY ON ROBOTICS IN NEW MILLINIUM
Abstract
The word “robot” commonly evokes an image of a tin can with two artificial eyes and a metallic
voice. Often they are misunderstood due to the perception imparted by movies. Even for people
who are into technology, robots are intriguing due to the complexity involved in building them.
Robots are usually electro-mechanical devices that can do specific physical tasks. Mobile robots
can be classified as legged, wheeled, or tracked. Legged robots are further classified based on
number of legs and so on. Some of the successful mobile robots have either wheels or tracks.
Already many countries use mobile robots in military, police and firefighting and rescue
applications. The applications include surveillance, reconnaissance, rescue missions, and to
detect and diffuse bombs. Unmanned aerial vehicles, ‘Drones’ are already proving their mettle in
several military applications. Robots are also making entry into our homes. Robots that do boring
chores like vacuuming and mopping floors around the house are getting popular. Cost of good
quality sensors and actuators are presently high, though they have seen a steady decline in pric-
ing and an increase in reliability due to MEMS (micro electro-mechanical sensors) based chips.
Sensors will continue to evolve in smaller form factors and low cost, as more advances are made
in MEMS and nanotechnology based sensors in the next decade.
Transformerless ZVR H-Bridge Based Single Phase by Using Photo Voltaic
Inverter with High Efficiency
D.Jegan A.Senthamarai Kannan
Student professor
ABSTRACT
Conventional designs of inverters used in photovoltaic systems consist of a transformer
for step-up and isolation at the output side. It is not possible to obtain a higher efficiency in
such inverters since the basic losses in transformers cannot be eliminated such as core losses,
copper losses and PF losses. So our project aims at developing a Transformer-less inverter
topology for PV applications. Here the DC from the PV modules is converted to single phase
AC with a H-Bridge Inverter. The DC current supplied by the PV panels and feed into the
utility grid. There are two main topology groups used in this case of grid connected PV
system with and without isolation.
Page 87 of 94
Voltage Stability Prediction and correction using Artificial Neural Network
P.Rajalakshmi Dr. M.Rathinakumar
Assistant Professor Assistant Professor
Abstract In this paper Neural Network-based method is proposed for monitoring on-line voltage security of electric
power systems. The development and use of accurate methods to predict incipient voltage instability is
crucial in preventing such voltage collapse situations. Voltage collapse may cause the outage in the entire
power system. A modal analysis technique computes using steady state system model, a specified no. of
smallest Eigen values and the associated Eigen vectors of reduced Jacobian matrix. The Eigen value
provides relative measure of proximity to voltage instability. The Eigen vectors each of which is associated
with a mode of voltage / reactive power are used to describe the mode shape and to provide information
about the network elements and generators which participate in each mode. Using the bus participation
factors, the weak load buses are identified. For these weak buses Artificial neural can be used for
assessment of the amount of Reactive power support needed for extending the voltage stability margin, and
to assess the extended stability margin with reasonable accuracy. The effectiveness of the proposed
approach has been demonstrated on the IEEE 14-bus test system
Keywords—reactive power; voltage stability; voltage instability; voltage collapse; eigen values; eigen vectors; modal analysis.
Page 88 of 94
Automation of Advanced Numerical Relay with the DSP Incorporating Watchdog Timer
Technology
ABSTRACT The modern power systems is in the process & continuous development which has led it to complex
interconnected networks. In today’s environment, modeling the power system has become necessary and
modeling allows the proposed system to be checked for any potential problems such as maloperations and
incompatibility, reliability etc.
The recent trend in protection has been a paradigm shift to Numerical Protection Techniques and
future development using the digital signal processors with high signal crunching capability, In the
protection field the numerical relay techniques have got first applications to live protection and other
functions like fault locator, disturbance recorder and auto reclosing etc.
Here DSP incorporated Watchdog Timer Technology provides the complete corrective action for the
main program due to some fault condition, such as hanging and also watchdog timers may also trigger fail –
safe system.
89
IMPULSE NOISE REDUCTION USING FUZZY CELLULAR AUTOMATA
Syed Abdul Azeem, S. Saravana Kumar, Govindaraj.V Student Student professor
Abstract
Impulse noise reduction from corrupted images plays an important role in image processing. This
problem will also affect on image segmentation, object detection, edge detection, compression, etc.to
eliminate impulse noises from noisy images, we used a hybrid method based on cellular automata (CA) and
fuzzy logic called Fuzzy Cellular Automata (FCA) in two steps. In the first step, based on statistical
information, noisy pixels are detected by CA; then using this information, the noisy pixel will change by
FCA. Regularly, CA is used for systems with simple components where the behavior of each component
will be defined and updated based on its neighbors.
The proposed hybrid method is characterized as simple, robust and parallel which keeps the
important details of the image effectively. The proposed approach has been performed on well-known gray
scale test images and compared with other conventional and famous algorithms, is more effective
Keywords-component: cellular automata (CA) and Fuzzy Cellular Automata (FCA)
90
A Supervised Classification for Retinal Blood Vessel Segmentation
S.Manoj PG Scholar
P.Archana PG Scholar
V.S. Velladurai Assistant Professor
Abstract – A supervised method is proposed for automated segmentation of vessels in fundus images of retina. This method is used to detect the retinal diseases by extracting the retinal vasculature utilizing 9-D feature vector based on orientation analysis of gradient vector field, morphological transformation, line strength measures, and Gabor filter responses. The feature vector encodes information to handle the healthy and pathological retinal image. Each pixel in the retinal image is characterized by a vector in 9-D feature space and those pixels are classified using neural network classifiers (FFBNN. RBF, and MLP) and the performance is evaluated in detail. As its effectiveness and robustness with different image conditions, together with its simplicity and fast implementation, make this blood vessel segmentation proposal suitable for retinal image computational analyses such as automated screening for early retinal disease detection.
Keywords- Retinal blood vessels, segmentation, neural classifiers, Feed Forward Backpropagation Neural network (FFBNN), Radial Basis Function (RBF), Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP), medical image analysis.
91
VOLTAGE CONTROL IN CASCADED MULTILEVEL INVERTER WITH SPACE VECTOR MODULATION USING FUZZY LOGIC CONTROL
J.Jenibha Joshi, Student
Mr.R.Suresh Kumar, Assistant professor,
Abstract:
This paper describes the design of rule based fuzzy logic controller (FLC) for the multilevel
inverter. In general the multilevel inverters are effective means of reducing harmonic
distortion and provide low electromagnetic interference (EMI) and low dv/dt of output
voltage. The PWM based on space vectors (SVPWM) technique is used in this inverter. The
SVM enables balancing the voltages of dc capacitors and provides switching at low
frequency thus reducing the switching losses. This scheme leads to be able to control the
output voltage of the five level diode clamped inverter by using the fuzzy logic controller.
The proposal is verified in simulation to evaluate the validity of the inverter in MATLAB.
Index Terms — Fuzzy Logic Controller, Space Vector Modulation, total harmonic distortion,
