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Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in...

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Page 1: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

M � � � � � � � � � � �

1

Elektrische Aandrijvingen

W �

Lokatie/evenement

P.BAUER

Page 2: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

� � � � � � � � � � 2

Page 3: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

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Figure 21.1 Potential level method of representing voltages. Figure 21.2 Potential levels of terminals 1, 2, and 3.

Fundamental Elements of Power Electronics

Page 4: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

� � � � ! ! " ! # # $ 4

Figure 21.3 Changing the reference terminal. Figure 21.4 The relative potential levels are the same as in Fig. 21.2.

Page 5: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

% & ' ( ) * * + * , , - 5

Voltage across some circuit elements

Figure 21.5 Potential across a switch. Figure 21.6 Potential across a resistor.

Figure 21.7 Potential across an inductor. Figure 21.8 Potential across a capacitor.

Page 6: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

. / 0 2 3 4 4 5 4 6 6 7 6

Figure 21.9 Basic rules governing diode behavior. Diode

Page 7: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

8 9 : ; < = = > = ? ? @ 7

Figure 21.10 (continued) a. Average current: 4 A; PIV: 400 V; body length: 10 mm; diameter: 5.6 mm. b. Average current: 15 A; PIV: 500 V; stutype; length less thread: 25 mm; diameter: 17 mm. c. Average current: 500 A; PIV: 2000 V; length less thread: 244 mm; diameter: 40 mm. d. Average current: 2600 A; PIV: 2500 V; Hockey Puk; distance between pole-faces: 35 mm; diameter: 98 mm. (Photos courtesy of InternationaRectifier)

Figure 21.10 (continued) a. Average current: 4 A; PIV: 400 V; body length: 10 mm; diameter: 5.6 mm. b. Average current: 15 A; PIV: 500 V; stud type; length less thread: 25 mm; diameter: 17 mm. c. Average current: 500 A; PIV: 2000 V; length less thread: 244 mm; diameter: 40 mm. d. Average current: 2600 A; PIV: 2500 V; Hockey Puk; distance between pole-faces: 35 mm; diameter: 98 mm. (Photos courtesy of International Rectifier)

Figure 21.10 (continued) a. Average current: 4 A; PIV: 400 V; body length: 10 mm; diameter: 5.6 mm. b. Average current: 15 A; PIV: 500 V; stud type; length less thread: 25 mm; diameter: 17 mm. c. Average current: 500 A; PIV: 2000 V; lengt h less thread: 244 mm; diameter: 40 mm. d. Average current: 2600 A; PIV: 2500 V; Hockey Puk; distance between pole-faces: 35 mm; diameter: 98 mm. (Photos courtesy of International Rectifier)

Figure 21.10 a. Average current: 4 A; PIV: 400 V; body length: 10 mm; diameter: 5.6 mm. b. Average current: 15 A; PIV: 500 V; stud type; length less thread: 25 mm; diameter: 17 mm. c. Average current: 500 A; PIV: 2000 V; length less thread: 244 mm; diameter: 40 mm. d. Average current: 2600 A; PIV: 2500 V; Hockey Puk; distance between pole-faces: 35 mm; diameter: 98 mm. (Photos courtesy of International Rectifier)

Page 8: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

A B C D E F F G F H H I 8

Figure 21.11 a. Simple battery charger circuit. b. Corresponding voltage and current waveforms.

Figure 21.11 (continued) a. Simple battery charger circuit. b. Corresponding voltage and current waveforms.

Battery charger with resistor

Page 9: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

J K L N O P P Q P R R S 9

Battery charger with inductor

Figure 21.12 a. Battery charger using a series inductor. b. Corresponding voltage and current waveforms.

Figure 21.12 (continued) a. Battery charger using a series inductor. BCorresponding voltage and current waveforms.

Page 10: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

T U V X Y Z Z [ Z \ \ ] 10

Figure 21.12c See Example 21-1.

Example 21.1

Page 11: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

^ _ ` a b c c d c e e f 11

Figure 21.13a a. Single-phase bridgerectifier. b. Voltage levels.

Figure 21.13b a. Single-phase bridge rectifier. b. Voltage levels.

Single bridge diode rectifier

Page 12: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

g h i j k l l m l n n o 12

Figure 21.13c Voltage and current waveforms in load R.

Page 13: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

p q r s t u u v u w w x 13

Figure 21.14 a. Rectifier with inductive filter. b. Rectifier with capacitive filter.

Figure 21.15 Current and voltage waveforms with inductive filter.

Page 14: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

y z { | } ~ ~ � ~ � � � 14

Figure 21.18 Dual 3-phase, 3-pulse rectifier.

Page 15: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

� � � � � � � � � � � � 15

Figure 21.19 Three-phase, 6-pulse rectifier with inductive filter.

Three-phase 6 pulse rectifierFigure 21.20 Voltage and current waveforms in Fig. 21.19.

Page 16: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

� � � � � � � � � � � � 16

Figure 21.21 Another way of showing EKA using line voltage potentials. Note also the position of E2N with respect to the line voltages.

Page 17: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

� � � � � � � � � � � � 17

Figure 21.22 Successive diode connections between the 3-phase input and dc output terminals of a 3-phase, 6-pulse rectifier.

Page 18: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

� � �   ¡ ¢ ¢ £ ¢ ¤ ¤ ¥ 18

Figure 21.23 Line-to-neutral voltage and line current in phase 2 of Fig. 21.20.

Effective, fundamental line current

Page 19: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

¦ § ¨ © ª « « ¬ « ­ ­ ® 19

Figure 21.24 Symbol of a thyristor, or SCR.

The thyristor

Page 20: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

¯ ° ± ² ³ ´ ´ µ ´ ¶ ¶ · 20

Figure 21.25 a. A thyristor does not conduct when the gate is connected to the cathode. b. A thyristor conducts when the anode is positive and a current pulse is injected into the gate.

Page 21: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

¸ ¹ º » ¼ ½ ½ ¾ ½ ¿ ¿ À 21

Figure 21.26 Range of SCRs from medium to very high power capacity.

Page 22: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ Æ Ç Æ È È É 22

Figure 21.27 a. Thyristor and resistor connected to an ac source. B. Thyristor behavior depends on the timing of the gate pulses.

Figure 21.27 (continued) a. Thyristor and resistor connected to an ac source. b. Thyristor behavior depends on the timing of the gate pulses.

Page 23: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

Ê Ë Ì Í Î Ï Ï Ð Ï Ñ Ñ Ò 23

Figure 21.28 a. Thyristor connected to a dc source. b. Forced commutation.

Page 24: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

Ó Ô Õ Ö × Ø Ø Ù Ø Ú Ú Û 24

Figure 21.29 A discharging capacitor C and an auxiliary thyristor Q2 can force-commutate the main thyristor Q1. Thus, the current in load R can be switched on and off by triggering Q1 and Q2 in succession.

Page 25: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

Ü Ý Þ ß à á á â á ã ã ä 25

Figure 21.30 a. SCR supplying a passive load. b. Voltage and current waveforms.

Page 26: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

å æ ç è é ê ê ë ê ì ì í 26

Figure 21.31 a. SCR supplying an active load. b. Voltage and current waveforms.

Page 27: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

î ï ð ñ ò ó ó ô ó õ õ ö 27

Figure 21.32 a. Line-commutated inverter. b. Voltage and current waveforms.

Line commutated inverter

Page 28: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

÷ ø ù ú û ü ü ý ü þ þ ÿ 28

Figure 21.33 a. Electronic contactor. b. Waveforms with a resistive load.

Page 29: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

M � � � � � � � � � � � 29

Figure 21.34 Elementary cycloconverter.

Cycloconverter

Figure 21.35 Typical voltage output of a cycloconverter.

Page 30: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

� � � � � � � 30

Figure 21.36 Three-phase, 6-pulse thyristor converter.

3 phase 6 pulse contr.converter

Page 31: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

� � � � � � � � � � � � 31

Figure 21.40a Delay angle: zero.

Page 32: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

� � � � � � � � ! ! " 32

Figure 21.40b Delay angle: 15°.

Page 33: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

# $ % & ' ( ( ) ( * * + 33

Figure 21.40c Delay angle: 45°.

Page 34: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

, - . / 0 1 1 2 1 3 3 4 34

Figure 21.40d Delay angle: 75°.

Page 35: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

5 6 7 8 9 : : ; : < < = 35

• The 3 phase converter is connected to 3 phase 480 V 60 Hz source, Load 500 V dc resistance 2 ohm. Calculate the power supplied to the load for delays of 15 and 75.

Example 21.17

d

= 1,35 E cos

voltage drop on R

• E= Ed - Eo

• Id = E/R

• P = EdId

Page 36: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

> ? @ A B C C D C E E F 36

Figure 21.41 Three-phase, 6-pulse converter in the inverter mode.

Inverter mode

Page 37: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

G H I J K L L N L O O P 37

Figure 21.42a Triggering sequence and waveforms with a delay angle of 105°.

Page 38: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

Q R S T U V V W V X X Y 38

Figure 21.42b Triggering sequence and waveforms with a delay angle of 135°.

Page 39: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

Z [ \ ] ^ _ _ ` _ a a b 39

Figure 21.42c Triggering sequence and waveforms with a delay angle of 165°.

Page 40: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

c e f g h i i j i k k l 40

Figure 21.43 Permitted gate firing zones for thyristor Q1.

Page 41: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

m n o p q r r s r t t u 41

Figure 21.44 Equivalent circuit of a thyristor converter.

Page 42: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

v w x y z { { | { } } ~ 42

Figure 21.45 Equivalent circuit of a 3-phase converter in the rectifier mode.

Page 43: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

� � � � � � � � � � � � 43

Figure 21.46 Equivalent circuit of a 3-phase thyristor converter in the inverter mode.

Page 44: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

� � � � � � � � � � � � 44

Figure 21.47 Voltage and current waveforms in the thyristor converter of Fig. 21.39 with a delay angle of 45°.

Page 45: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

� � � � � � � � � � � � 45

Figure 21.48 See Example 21-11.

Page 46: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

� � � � � � �   � ¡ ¡ ¢ 46

Figure 21.49 a. Instantaneous commutation in a rectifier when = 45° (see Fig. 21.58). b. Same conditions with commutation overlap of 30°,

showing current waveshapes in Q1, Q3, Q5.

Page 47: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

£ ¤ ¥ ¦ § ¨ ¨ © ¨ ª ª « 47

Figure 21.49 (continued) a. Instantaneous commutation in a rectifier when = 45° (see Fig. 21.58). b. Same conditions with commutation overlap

of 30°, showing current waveshapes in Q1, Q3, Q5.

Page 48: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

¬ ­ ® ¯ ° ± ± ² ± ³ ³ ´ 48

Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle . The extinction angle permits Q1 to establish its blocking ability before the

critical angle of 300° is reached. At 300° the anode of Q1 becomes positive with respect to its cathode. The figure also shows the relationship between angles , , , and u.

Page 49: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

µ ¶ · ¸ ¹ º º » º ¼ ¼ ½ 49

Figure 21.51 Typical properties and approximate limits of GTOs and thyristors in the on and off states.

Page 50: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

¾ ¿ À Á Â Ã Ã Ä Ã Å Å Æ 50

Figure 21.54 Typical properties and approximate limits of IGBTs.

Page 51: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

Ç È É Ê Ë Ì Ì Í Ì Î Î Ï 51

Page 52: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

Ð Ñ Ò Ó Ô Õ Õ Ö Õ × × Ø 52

Figure 21.59 E and I in the inductor of Fig. 21.58.

Page 53: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

Ù Ú Û Ü Ý Þ Þ ß Þ à à á 53

Figure 21.60a Currents in a chopper circuit.

â

= (Ia + Ib)/2 • IS = Io (Ta/T) • IS = Io D

Page 54: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

ã ä å æ ç è è é è ê ê ë 54

Figure 21.60b Current in the load.

ì

Is = EoIo

• Eo=EsIs/Io

• Eo= D Es

Page 55: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

í î ï ð ñ ò ò ó ò ô ô õ 55

Figure 21.60c Current pulses provided by the source.

Page 56: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

ö ÷ ø ù ú û û ü û ý ý þ 56

Example 21-11

ÿIo

• Is = P/ Es

Page 57: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

M � � � � � � � � � � � 57

Example 21-11

dc current in the diode

• the duty cycle

D

= Io- Is

• D = Eo/ Es

Page 58: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

� � � � � � � 58

Example 21-11

inductance of the inductor�

= Io- Is

• D = Eo/ Es

Page 59: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

� � � � � � � � � � � � 59

2 quadrant DC-DC converter

L

=D EH

Page 60: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

� � � � � ! " " # 60

Figure 21.64 Power can flow from EH to EO and vice versa.

$

= (EL- Eo)/ R

EL > Eo

Page 61: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

% & ' ( ) * * + * , , - 61

Figure 21.65 Circuit of Example 21-13.

.

< Eo

Page 62: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

/ 0 1 2 3 4 4 5 4 6 6 7 62

Example 21-13.

8

= D EH= 20V

• IL = (Eo- EL)/ R

• T = 1/f

Page 63: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

9 : ; < = > > ? > @ @ A 63

Figure 21.66 See Example 21-13.

Page 64: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

B C E F G H H I H J J K 64

Figure 21.67 See Example 21-13.

Page 65: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

N O P Q R S S T S U U V 65

Figure 21.69 Two-quadrant electronic converter.

Page 66: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

W X Y Z [ \ \ ] \ ^ ^ _ 66

Figure 21.70 Four-quadrant dc-to-dc converter.

`

= D EH= 20V

Page 67: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

a b c d e f f g f h h i 67

Figure 21.70 Four-quadrant dc-to-dc converter.

j j

= EH (2D-1)

Page 68: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

k l m n o p p q p r r s 68

Figure 21.73 Four-quadrant dc-to-dc converter feeding a passive dc load R.

Page 69: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

t u v w x y y z y { { | 69

Figure 21.74 Four-quadrant dc-to-dc converter feeding an active dc source/sink Eo.

Page 70: Electrical Power Drivers- ET3026WB Lecture 9-13 origineel...Figure 21.50 Waveshape of i1 in thyristor Q1 for a delay angle v. The extinction angle Jpermits Q1 to establish its blocking

} ~ � � � � � � � � � � 70

Figure 21.75a Switching semiconductor and snubber.

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� � � � � � � � � � � � 71

Figure 21.76a The square wave contains a fundamental sinusiodal component.

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� � � � � � � � � � � � 72

Figure 21.76b Single-phase dc-to-ac switching converter in which D = 0.5 and f can be varied.

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� � � � � � � � � � �   73

Figure 21.77 Four-quadrant dc-to-ac switching converter using carrier frequency fc and three fixed values of D.

¡ ¡

= EH (2D-1)

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¢ £ ¤ ¥ ¦ § § ¨ § © © ª 74

Figure 21.78 Frequency and amplitude control by varying D.

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« ¬ ­ ® ¯ ° ° ± ° ² ² ³ 75

Figure 21.79 Frequency, amplitude, and phase control by varying D.

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´ µ ¶ · ¸ ¹ ¹ º ¹ » » ¼ 76

Figure 21.80 Waveshape control by varying D.


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