Electricity, elements basic and battery automotive

Roberto Zárate Olvera

Electron

• An electron is a stable negatively charged elementary particle which is one of the fundamental components of the atom.

Proton

• A proton is a positively charged particle is within the atomic nucleus. The number of protons in the atomic nucleus is determining the atomic number of an element, as indicated in the periodic table.

Neutron

• A neutron is a subatomic particle contained in the atomic nucleus. It has no net electrical charge, unlike positively charged proton. The number of neutrons in an atomic nucleus determines the isotope of that element.

Atom

• Defined as the smallest atom in an element it can be divided without losing its chemical properties particle. Although the origin of the word atom comes from the Greek, meaning indivisible, atoms are made up of even smaller particles, subatomic particles.

As electricity is generated

• Electricity is caused by the movement of electrons from a conductive material. Like magnets atoms and molecules electricity have both kinds of charge, positive and negative. When the charges are of opposite signs they attract. Positive charges attract negative charges, but if the charges are equal repel each other. The electricity created by rubbing is called static and current is transmitted by dynamic electricity.

As electricity is generated in the vehicle

• Electricity is generated in a vehicle with an alternator or generator which is like an electric motor that turns upside down with the strength of the machine and is driven with a band.• The electricity generated is stored in

the battery is a rechargeable battery and allows you to start the car and all electrical fixtures use it. (Lights, elevators, horn, starter, etc.)

Alternator

• The alternator is in charge of generating enough energy to operate the vehicle; while supplies and maintains the battery at 100% capacity of accumulated charge, so that the vehicle has power, the engine is turned off.

Battery Automotive

• An automotive battery is a type of rechargeable battery that supplies electric energy to an automobile.

• An automotive battery is an automotive battery that powers the starter motor, the lights, and the ignition system of a vehicle's engine, mainly in combustion vehicles.

Parts of battery

composition of the automotive battery

• The battery are made of six galvanic cells connected in series to provide a nominally 12-volt system. Each cell provides 2.1 volts for a total of 12.6 volts at full charge.

• Lead-acid batteries are made up of plates of lead and separate plates of lead dioxide, which are submerged into an electrolyte solution of about 38% sulfuric acid and 62% water.

Failure

• Common battery faults include:• Shorted cell due to failure of the separator

between the positive and negative plates• Shorted cell or cells due to buildup of shed

plate material below the plates of the cell• Broken internal connections due to corrosion• Broken plates due to vibration and corrosion• Low electrolyte level• Cracked or broken case• Broken terminals• Sulfation after prolonged disuse in a low or

zero charged state• Frequent and continuous overcharge

THANK YOU