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Electricity and Magnetism

What is it?

ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

Electricity• Electricity figures everywhere in our lives. Electricity

lights up our homes, cooks our food, powers our computers, television sets, and other electronic devices. Electricity from batteries keeps our cars running and makes our flashlights shine in the dark.

• Here's something you can do to see the importance of electricity. Take a walk through your school, house or apartment and write down all the different appliances, devices and machines that use electricity. You'll be amazed at how many things we use each and every day that depend on electricity.

Magnetism

• a physical phenomenon produced by the motion of electric charge, resulting in attractive and repulsive forces between objects.

Electricity- the movement of electrons from one atom to another.

electron

ProtonsNeutrons

ATOM 1 ATOM 2

Two types of Electricity

• Current electricity• Static electricityElectricity that is produced by flowing electrons.Electric discharge resulting from the

accumulation of electric charge on an isulated body.

Current Electricity

Examples that uses current electricity:-flashlights-indicasent light-phones-electric fan-computer-and other appliances or devices or whatever..

Static Electricity

• Examples of Static Electricity

?• But what is the relationship

between electricity and magnetism? Where does it come from? How does it work?

Remember:

Almost all electricity power plant uses generator as a source of electricity except Solar Energy Power Plant,where generator have always a magnet relation to the coil that electrons can flow.

Various sources of energy are utilized to provide electricity to power our households.For example the tremendous energy produced by falling water is used by water turbines to rotate the large generators at a hydroelectric power plant.

As the water falls from the reservior,its kinetic energy increases and it flows very fast .The falling stream of water turns a fan-like device called a turbine ,which is connected to the genarator ‘s shaft.

The rotation of the shaft turns powerful electromagnets that sorrounded by a coil of copper wires.The coil is connected t a step-up transformer that sends high voltage current to power lines.

Other sources of energy at power plants include steam from burning fossil fuels,nuclear reactions wind and ocean tides.Each source provides the energy of motion to turbines then to generators,producing electrical energy.Power plants,in general use generators to convert kinetic energy into electrical energy.One specific source,however,uses solar panels made of photo voltaic cells to convert sunlight into electrical energy instead of turbines.

List of Electricity Power plants/Source

Hydroelectric Power plantNuclear Power plantDiesel Powered plantGeothermal Power plantWind WaveSolarETC….

How electricity gets into our home

Calculating Electrical Energy Consumption

One of the factors to be consider is the POWER rating of your appliance.For instance,the power rating of an appliance depends on both voltage and a current.

FORMULA;

P=VI

where P is power measured in (watts) V is voltage measured in (volts) I is current measured in (amperes)

FORMULA for energy; E=Pt Where E is energy measured in (KWh) P is power t time As usual we can derive this formula to get ETC..

All of the computers in an ICT room are in use for 5 hours everyday and together use 8.3 kilowatts.How much energy is used in a day?

Given: P= 8.3 kW Cost= (41.5)10 Pesos/kWh T= 5h = 415 Pesos Find energy used: E= Pt =( 8.3 kW)(5h) E= 41.5 kWh

If we have seen further it is by standing

on the shoulders of giants