Electricity in Europe 2013
Synthetic overview of ENTSO-E electric
system consumption, generation and
exchanges during 2013
European Network of Transmission System Operators
for Electricity
Data Expert Group
Electricity in Europe 2013
ENTSO-E AISBL • Avenue de Cortenbergh 100 • 1000 Brussels • Belgium • Tel + 32 2 741 09 50 • Fax + 32 2 741 09 51 • [email protected] • www. entsoe.eu
2
Electricity in Europe delivers a synthetic overview of ENTSO-E electric system consumption,
generation and exchanges during 2013 and comments on their main evolution in comparison to
the previous year.
It is based mainly on provisional data as of March 2014 delivered by ENTSO-E members and
published on the ENTSO-E portal as “Monthly Statistics”. It is complementary to the Statistical
Factsheet and the Yearly Statistics & Adequacy Retrospect which is issued once the data is
definitive.
Data is corrected for the leap year (2012).
Content
Main facts ...................................................................................................................................... 3
1. Consumption .......................................................................................................................... 4
a. Evolution of overall ENTSO-E consumption ........................................................................ 4
b. Evolution of consumption per country ................................................................................. 4
2. Generation .............................................................................................................................. 5
a. Evolution of overall ENTSO-E Net Generating Capacity ..................................................... 5
b. Evolution of overall ENTSO-E net generation ..................................................................... 5
c. Evolution of net generation per country ............................................................................... 6
d. Renewable net generation per country ............................................................................... 8
3. Cross-border exchanges ......................................................................................................... 9
a. Balance of exchanges per country ...................................................................................... 9
b. Exports related to generation per country ......................................................................... 10
c. Imports related to consumption per country ...................................................................... 11
Appendix: Data sources and references ...................................................................................... 12
Contributors................................................................................................................................. 12
Electricity in Europe 2013
ENTSO-E AISBL • Avenue de Cortenbergh 100 • 1000 Brussels • Belgium • Tel + 32 2 741 09 50 • Fax + 32 2 741 09 51 • [email protected] • www. entsoe.eu
3
Main facts
ENTSO-E electricity consumption decreases slightly
Overall electricity consumption on the ENTSO-E perimeter in 2013 was lower than the previous years and decreased by 0.4%, compared to 2012, as a result of economic slowdown and energy efficiency efforts. In 2013, the peak load of the overall system reached 528.7 GW on 17 January and was inferior to the historical maximum of 557.3 GW achieved in February 2012 due to the exceptional period of cold weather across Europe.
Generation of renewable energy sources continues to rise
Linked to the high level of hydro generation (an average increase of 4%) in the major ENTSO-E regions, generation from thermal power plants regressed by 6%. Meanwhile, global nuclear generation was almost steady, although, disparities among countries should be noted. The development of renewable sources (excluding hydro) remained important (12% increase between 2012 and 2013) and brought the overall share of renewables, excluding hydro, to 13% of the electricity generated by ENTSO-E members.
ENTSO-E interconnected network enables a wide range of exchange situations
The evolution of exchanges was marked by the increase of exports from countries along a North-East to South-West axis, and relates to an energy mix based on hydro, coal and renewables. Countries where gas fired plants are preponderant saw an increase of imports which, in a market context, were favourable to coal. Around 5% of the total yearly generation from interconnected ENTSO-E members was exported to other ENTSO-E members through the interconnection network. The maximal ratio between imports within ENTSO-E and the total load of ENTSO-E countries was reached on 21 December 2013 at 10%. On this date, some countries were importing up to 55% of their consumption while others were exporting up to 47% of their generation.
Electricity in Europe 2013
ENTSO-E AISBL • Avenue de Cortenbergh 100 • 1000 Brussels • Belgium • Tel + 32 2 741 09 50 • Fax + 32 2 741 09 51 • [email protected] • www. entsoe.eu
4
1. Consumption
a. Evolution of overall ENTSO-E consumption
b. Evolution of consumption per country
3200
3220
3240
3260
3280
3300
3320
3340
3360
3380
2010 2011 2012 2013
Consumption in TWh
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
2010 2011 2012 2013
Maximum peak load in GW
≥ 4%
≥ 2% and < 4%
≥ 0.5% and < 2%
stable
≤ -0.5% and > -2%
≤ -2% and < -4%
≤ -4%
No data
Evolution of electricity consumption between 2012 and 2013
AT
BE
BGBA
CH
CY
CZ
DE
DK
ES
EE
FI
FR
GB
GR
HRHU
IE
IS
IT
LT
LU
LV
MKME
NL
NI
NO
PL
PT
RO
RS
SK
SI
SE
Electricity in Europe 2013
ENTSO-E AISBL • Avenue de Cortenbergh 100 • 1000 Brussels • Belgium • Tel + 32 2 741 09 50 • Fax + 32 2 741 09 51 • [email protected] • www. entsoe.eu
5
2. Generation
a. Evolution of overall ENTSO-E Net Generating Capacity
Net Generating Capacity (NGC) as of 31 December 2013 except for Austria, Bulgaria, Switzerland, Ireland, Luxembourg, FYROM, Norway and Sweden as of 31 December 2012
b. Evolution of overall ENTSO-E net generation
20
10
20
10
20
10
20
102
01
1
20
11
20
11
20
1120
12
20
12
20
12
20
12
20
13
20
13
20
13
20
13
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
Hydraulic Nuclear Fossil fuels Other renewable
Net Generating Capacity in GW
Hydraulic
20%
Nuclear12%
Fossil fuels
47%
Other
renewable21%
Net Generating Capacity in 2013
20
10
20
10
20
10
20
102
01
1
20
11
20
11
20
112
01
2
20
12
20
12
20
122
01
3 20
13
20
13
20
13
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
Hydraulic Nuclear Fossil fuels Other renewable
Net generation in TWh
Hydraulic18%
Nuclear25%Fossil fuels
44%
Other renewable
13%
Net generation in 2013
Electricity in Europe 2013
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c. Evolution of net generation per country
Hydro is gathered from storage hydro, run of river, pure pumped storage and mixed pumped storage
≥ 10%
≥ 5% and < 10%
≥ 0.5% and < 5%
stable
≤ -0.5% and > -5%
≤ -5% and < -10%
≤ -10%
No Plant / No data
Evolution of hydraulic net generation between 2012 and 2013
AT
BE
BGBA
CH
CY
CZ
DE
DK
ES
EE
FI
FR
GB
GR
HRHU
IE
IS
IT
LT
LU
LV
MKME
NL
NI
NO
PL
PT
RO
RS
SK
SI
SE
≥ 10%
≥ 5% and < 10%
≥ 0.5% and < 5%
stable
≤ -0.5% and > -5%
≤ -5% and < -10%
≤ -10%
No Plant / No data
Evolution of nuclear net generation between 2012 and 2013
AT
BE
BGBA
CH
CY
CZ
DE
DK
ES
EE
FI
FR
GB
GR
HRHU
IE
IS
IT
LT
LU
LV
MKME
NL
NI
NO
PL
PT
RO
RS
SK
SI
SE
Electricity in Europe 2013
ENTSO-E AISBL • Avenue de Cortenbergh 100 • 1000 Brussels • Belgium • Tel + 32 2 741 09 50 • Fax + 32 2 741 09 51 • [email protected] • www. entsoe.eu
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Renewable generation excluding hydro includes non-fossil energy sources: wind; solar; geothermal; wave; tidal; biomass; landfill gas; sewage treatment plant gas and biogases
≥ 10%
≥ 5% and < 10%
≥ 0.5% and < 5%
stable
≤ -0.5% and > -5%
≤ -5% and < -10%
≤ -10%
No Plant / No data
Evolution of fossil fuels net generation between 2012 and 2013
AT
BE
BGBA
CH
CY
CZ
DE
DK
ES
EE
FI
FR
GB
GR
HRHU
IE
IS
IT
LT
LU
LV
MKME
NL
NI
NO
PL
PT
RO
RS
SK
SI
SE
≥ 10%
≥ 5% and < 10%
≥ 0.5% and < 5%
stable
≤ -0.5% and > -5%
≤ -5% and < -10%
≤ -10%
No Plant / No data
Evolution of renewable net generation, excluding hydro, between 2012 and 2013
AT
BE
BGBA
CH
CY
CZ
DE
DK
ES
EE
FI
FR
GB
GR
HRHU
IE
IS
IT
LT
LU
LV
MKME
NL
NI
NO
PL
PT
RO
RS
SK
SI
SE
Electricity in Europe 2013
ENTSO-E AISBL • Avenue de Cortenbergh 100 • 1000 Brussels • Belgium • Tel + 32 2 741 09 50 • Fax + 32 2 741 09 51 • [email protected] • www. entsoe.eu
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d. Renewable net generation per country
The non renewable part of hydro related to pumped storage is included
Share of the national generation :
≥ 30%
≥ 20% and < 30%
≥ 10% and < 20%
≥ 0% and < 10%
Share of renewable net generation excluding hydro in 2013
AT
BE
BGBA
CH
CY
CZ
DE
DK
ES
EE
FI
FR
GB
GR
HRHU
IE
IS
IT
LT
LU
LV
MKME
NL
NI
NO
PL
PT
RO
RS
SK
SI
SE
Share of the national generation :
≥ 30%
≥ 20% and < 30%
≥ 10% and < 20%
≥ 0% and < 10%
Share of renewable net generation including hydro in 2013
AT
BE
BGBA
CH
CY
CZ
DE
DK
ES
EE
FI
FR
GB
GR
HRHU
IE
IS
IT
LT
LU
LV
MKME
NL
NI
NO
PL
PT
RO
RS
SK
SI
SE
Electricity in Europe 2013
ENTSO-E AISBL • Avenue de Cortenbergh 100 • 1000 Brussels • Belgium • Tel + 32 2 741 09 50 • Fax + 32 2 741 09 51 • [email protected] • www. entsoe.eu
9
3. Cross-border exchanges
a. Balance of exchanges per country
Balance of exchanges is the balance between energy physically flowing out of the country and energy physically flowing in. It is also equal to the balance of commercial transactions of each country (exports minus imports). Yet, in an interconnected system where electricity may spread out through various paths, energy physically flowing through a specific border between two countries usually differs from the commercial transactions between these two countries.
≥ 30TWh
≥ 15TWh and < 30Twh
≥ 1TWh and < 15TWh
balanced
≤ -1TWh and > -15TWh
≤ -15TWh and < -30TWh
≤ -30TWh
Isolated / No data
Exchange balances in 2013
AT
BE
BGBA
CH
CY
CZ
DE
DK
ES
EE
FI
FR
GB
GR
HRHU
IE
IS
IT
LT
LU
LV
MKME
NL
NI
NO
PL
PT
RO
RS
SK
SI
SE
Exporting balance
Importing balance
Balance :
More exporting
Less exporting
Becomes exporting
Stable
Becomes importing
Less importing
More importing
Isolated / No data
Evolution of exchange balances between 2012 and 2013
AT
BE
BGBA
CH
CY
CZ
DE
DK
ES
EE
FI
FR
GB
GR
HRHU
IE
IS
IT
LT
LU
LV
MKME
NL
NI
NO
PL
PT
RO
RS
SK
SI
SE
Electricity in Europe 2013
ENTSO-E AISBL • Avenue de Cortenbergh 100 • 1000 Brussels • Belgium • Tel + 32 2 741 09 50 • Fax + 32 2 741 09 51 • [email protected] • www. entsoe.eu
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b. Exports related to generation per country
On each hourly time slot, the balance of exchanges of a country may be positive or negative. Adding these balances separately gives the amount of net exports and the amount of net imports of the country respectively. The ratio between net exports and generation of the country represents the share of its yearly generation which is physically exported to its neighbours. It reveals the use of the ENTSO-E interconnected network for the purpose of economic exports, without taking into account physical loop flows and transit-flows.
This maximal ratio is not reached on the same hourly slot by all ENTSO-E countries
Exports :
≥ 10% of its generation
≥ 5% and < 10% of its generation
< 5% of its generation
Isolated / No data
Share of yearly generation exported in 2013
AT
BE
BGBA
CH
CY
CZ
DE
DK
ES
EE
FI
FR
GB
GR
HRHU
IE
IS
IT
LT
LU
LV
MKME
NL
NI
NO
PL
PT
RO
RS
SK
SI
SE
Exports :
≥ 50% of its generation
≥ 25% and < 50% of its generation
≥ 10% and < 25% of its generation
< 10% of its generation
Isolated / No data
Maximal hourly share of generation exported in 2013
AT
BE
BGBA
CH
CY
CZ
DE
DK
ES
EE
FI
FR
GB
GR
HRHU
IE
IS
IT
LT
LU
LV
MKME
NL
NI
NO
PL
PT
RO
RS
SK
SI
SE
Electricity in Europe 2013
ENTSO-E AISBL • Avenue de Cortenbergh 100 • 1000 Brussels • Belgium • Tel + 32 2 741 09 50 • Fax + 32 2 741 09 51 • [email protected] • www. entsoe.eu
11
c. Imports related to consumption per country
The ratio between net imports and consumption of the country represents the share of its yearly consumption which is physically imported from its neighbours. It reveals the use of the ENTSO-E interconnected network for the purpose of economic imports, without taking into account physical loop flows and transit-flows.
This maximal ratio is not reached on the same hourly slot by all ENTSO-E countries
Imports :
≥ 10% of its consumption
≥ 5% and < 10% of its consumption
< 5% of its consumption
Isolated / No data
Share of yearly consumption imported in 2013
AT
BE
BGBA
CH
CY
CZ
DE
DK
ES
EE
FI
FR
GB
GR
HRHU
IE
IS
IT
LT
LU
LV
MKME
NL
NI
NO
PL
PT
RO
RS
SK
SI
SE
Imports :
≥ 50% of its consumption
≥ 25% and < 50% of its consumption
≥ 10% and < 25% of its consumption
< 10% of its consumption
Isolated / No data
Maximal hourly share of consumption imported in 2013
AT
BE
BGBA
CH
CY
CZ
DE
DK
ES
EE
FI
FR
GB
GR
HRHU
IE
IS
IT
LT
LU
LV
MKME
NL
NI
NO
PL
PT
RO
RS
SK
SI
SE
Electricity in Europe 2013
ENTSO-E AISBL • Avenue de Cortenbergh 100 • 1000 Brussels • Belgium • Tel + 32 2 741 09 50 • Fax + 32 2 741 09 51 • [email protected] • www. entsoe.eu
12
Appendix: Data sources and references
ENTSO-E data portal: https://www.entsoe.eu/data/data-portal/
Monthly statistics: https://www.entsoe.eu/publications/statistics/monthly-statistics/
Statistical Factsheet: https://www.entsoe.eu/publications/general-publications/memo-entso-e-facts-figures/
YS&AR: https://www.entsoe.eu/publications/statistics/statistical-yearbooks/
ENTSO-E commercial data: http://entsoe.net
Contributors
This publication, mainly based on data collected by ENTSO-E Statistical Data Correspondents, has been
realised by Data Expert Group Members: ANAGOSTOU Apostolos, CADET Alexandre, CALLAN
Michael, FUCIK Zdenek, JEZYNSKI Lukasz, KOK Raymond, LAGARRIGUE Philippe, MARTINEZ
CASARES Felix, PHARABOD Erik, RADOI Cristian, REITTINGER-HUBMER Ernst
https://www.entsoe.eu/data/data-portal/https://www.entsoe.eu/publications/statistics/monthly-statistics/https://www.entsoe.eu/publications/general-publications/memo-entso-e-facts-figures/https://www.entsoe.eu/publications/statistics/statistical-yearbooks/
