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Electronic Systems Research at CU-ICAR Todd H. Hubing Michelin Professor of Vehicular Electronics Clemson University
Electronic Systems Research at CU-ICAR
Todd H. HubingMichelin Professor of Vehicular ElectronicsClemson University
Automobiles are Complex Electronic Systems
Engine Ignition
Fuel Injection Emissions Controls
Collision Avoidance System
Cabin Environment Controls
Navigation System
Suspension System
Transmission Control
Lighting
Entertainment Systems
Braking Control
Stability Control
Communication System
Seat and Pedal Position
Airbag Deployment Noise
Cancellation
Security System
Tire Pressure Monitoring
CU-ICAR Electronic Systems Research 2November 2007
Engine Ignition
Fuel Injection Emissions Controls
Collision Avoidance System
Cabin Environment Controls
Navigation System
Suspension System
Transmission Control
Lighting
Entertainment Systems
Braking Control
Stability Control
Communication System
Seat and Pedal Position
Airbag Deployment Noise
Cancellation
Security System
Tire Pressure Monitoring
CU-ICAR Electronic Systems Research 3November 2007
Current automotive electronics design and integration strategies are
not sustainable.
Cars in the next decade will be very different from an electronics
integration standpoint.
Automobiles are Complex Electronic Systems
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Cars in the future …
Less than 2 kilograms of wire harness
Data from every sensor available to every system
Secure, reliable high-speed communication
Simple, open diagnostics
Redundant, distributed processing
Both wired and wireless communication
Cars in the future will have ONE reliable, low-cost, lightweight network that serves as the interface between every electronic sub-system in the vehicle.
CU-ICAR Electronic Systems Research 4November 2007
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No PWM signals for power or control
No analog signals
At most 3 wires will be routed to any component
Many components will require 1 or 0 wires
Connectors will be small, reliable and low cost
Cars in the future will distribute ONLY low-voltage digital signals and/or DC power to every electronic component.
CU-ICAR Electronic Systems Research 5November 2007
Cars in the future …
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Balanced design and integrated control will eliminate the need to have wiring harnesses carrying strong, time-varying currents.
Intelligent, computer aided layout will ensure that electronic systems do not generate and are not susceptible to electromagnetic interference.
Cars in the future will not generate strong electric or magnetic fields and will not be susceptible to these fields even though they generate and store significant amounts of electric energy.
CU-ICAR Electronic Systems Research 6November 2007
Cars in the future …
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The cars of the future are being designed Today!
Market leaders in the electronics industry are the innovators, not the adopters.
Simply adopting the latest, greatest electronic subsystems and tacking them on to existing automotive platforms is a strategy that will not succeed.
The companies leading the development of truly integrated electronic systems will be the market leaders in the next decade.
CU-ICAR Electronic Systems Research 7November 2007
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Lighter
More powerful
More efficient
Far more reliable.
Cars with intelligently designed electronic systems will be:
CU-ICAR Electronic Systems Research 8November 2007
The cars of the future are being designed Today!
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Audi (computer aided electronics evaluation, testing)
Tesla (power storage and distribution, integration)
Toyota (vehicle communications, power distribution)
Automotive OEM’s that appear to be the current electronics system integration leaders:
CU-ICAR Electronic Systems Research 9November 2007
The cars of the future are being designed Today!
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CU-ICAR Electronic Systems Research
Electromagnetic Compatibility
Vehicle Networks and Electronic Communications
Power Distribution and Storage
Vehicular Software Reliability and Standards
CU-ICAR Electronic Systems Research 10November 2007
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Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
Number of incidents affecting automotive reliability is rising
Number of potential sources and victims is increasing exponentially
Electronic systems are playing a more prominent role in occupant safety
Automotive EMC standards do not ensure system compatibility
EMC Research
Component-level evaluation for modeling system-level performance
Expert system evaluation of component and system EMC
Electromagnetic modeling of complex systems
Balanced power inverter design
Device detection and characterization based on unintentional emissions
CU-ICAR Electronic Systems Research 11November 2007
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Automotive EMC Expert System
We have developed algorithms to detect and eliminate potential EMC problems early in thedesign process.
System level (reads vehicle database)Uses design maxims and simple formulae Works with incomplete informationRuns repeatedly throughout design cycleComplements – doesn’t replace – the human expert and more sophisticated numerical modeling toolsGuides the non-expert
Audi currently uses EMC expert system software to find system interaction problems
before the first prototypes are built.
CU-ICAR Electronic Systems Research 12November 2007
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Vehicle Networks
Volume of data is out stripping current network capabilities
Incompatible networks prevent full utilization of data available
Reliability is declining due to high number of independent systems
There is a general lack of processing redundancy
Networks Research
A truly “systems-level” network [one network for entire vehicle]
A secure, redundant network operating system
Protocols optimized for short-range, non-centralized operation
Both wired and wireless nodes
Low-speed, low-cost components sharing parts of the network with high-speed components without adding significantly to overall costs.
CU-ICAR Electronic Systems Research 13November 2007
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Power Distribution and Storage
Existing power conversion methods are noisy and relatively inefficient
Need to accommodate diverse sources of power, with diverse operating voltages
Need to eliminate pulsed-current power distribution and motor control
Power Distribution Research
Balanced, integrated power inverters/converters
Improved capacitor storage and low-inductance distribution
Better use of distributed electric energy storage
Wireless power distribution methods for low-power sensors
CU-ICAR Electronic Systems Research 14November 2007
vehicle chassis
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VDC
ICM
ICM
ZCM
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Objective: Eliminate electronic noise problems and inefficiencies associated with existing PWM motor and actuator controls.
Balanced Integrated Electric Motor Drivers
CU-ICAR Electronic Systems Research 15November 2007
Balanced, Efficient Power Conversion
Objective: Distribute electric power throughout a vehicle more efficiently and with lower cost and weight by employing balanced DC-to-DC power converters.
Tesla’s relatively well integrated electronic systems provide a high degree of functionality and make very efficient use of the available power.
CU-ICAR Electronic Systems Research 16November 2007
Automotive Software
Software represents a growing percentage of new vehicle development
Software is increasingly responsible for reliability and safety problems
Software development platforms are poorly suited to complex systems
AutoSAR is a small step in the right direction, but it is not enough.
Vehicular Software Research
A programming language for complex system communication and control
- standard, hierarchical APIs
- no possible undefined states
- secure access
CU-ICAR Electronic Systems Research 17November 2007
Clemson researchers have developed a simple, automatic procedure for calibrating cameras used by automobiles.
Image Processing Research
These same algorithms can be applied to vehicle tracking and lane departure systems.
Better algorithms for determining driver head and eye position are current areas of research.
CU-ICAR Electronic Systems Research 18November 2007
Electromagnetic Modeling
CU-ICAR Electronic Systems Research 19November 2007
Clemson is a world leader in the area of electromagnetic modeling. We currently have projects underway to:
Analyze automotive components and wireless systems
Develop new modeling tools for automotive analysis
Teach companies how to use EM modeling to develop better automotive systems.
http://www.cvel.clemson.edu
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CU-ICAR Electronic Systems Research 20November 2007
