EL-201 ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS Credits: 4

Unit I

PN Junction Diode Characteristics and Parameters; Diode Resistance, Transition Capacitance

and Diffusion Capacitance; Special Diode Types; Schottky Barrier Diode, Photo Diode, LED,

Tunnel Diode, Varactor Diode and Their Applications

Unit II

Transistor as an Amplifier; Analysis Using Hybrid and T Models; High Frequency Hybrid

Model; BJT and FET Characteristics, Parameters, Configurations and Applications; UJT

and Its Applications.

Unit III

Biasing of BJT and FET; Bias Stability; Biasing Circuits; Classification of Amplifiers;

Frequency Response of RC Coupled Amplifier; Power Amplifiers with Their Classifications;

Regulated Power Supply.

Unit IV

Feedback Concept; General Feedback Structure; Properties of Negative Feedback; Basic

Feedback Topologies; Condition of Oscillation; BJT and FET Based Oscillator Circuits;

Crystal Oscillators; Frequency Stability.

Unit V

Differential Amplifier; Operational Amplifier Characteristics and Parameters; Slew Rate,

CMRR, Offset Voltage and Its Removal; Application as Instrumentation Amplifier, Voltage

to Current and Current to Voltage Converter, Log and Antilog Amplifier, Waveform

Generator, Comparator.

Books:

1. A.S. Sedra and K.C. Smith, Microelectronic Circuits, Oxford University Press, Vth Edition,

2004.

2. R. Boylested and L. Nashelsky, Electronic Devices and Circuits, PHI, 1996.

3. J. Millnan and C.C. Halkias, Integrated Electronics, McGraw Hill, 1972.

EL- 203: LOGIC AND DIGITAL CIRCUITS Credits: 4

Unit I Introduction

Number Systems: Decimal, Binary Octal, Hexadecimal; Base Conversion; Binary

Arithmetic; Binary Codes; Boolean Algebra: Basic Theorems And Postulates; Basic AND,

OR, NAND, NOR, EX-OR Gates.

Unit II Digital Circuits

Switching Characteristics of Semi-Conductor Devices; Realization of Various Logic Gates;

DTL, TTL, HTL, ECL and MOS Logics; Comparison of Various Logic Families

Unit III Design of Combination Circuits

Truth Table Representation; Canonical Forms; Minimization of Switching Functions –

Karnaughs Maps; Design of Combinational Circuits; Encoders, Decoders, Multiplexers,

ROMs.

Unit IV Sequential Logic Systems

Definition of Sequential Circuits; State Table and Diagram Representation; Flip-Flops: SR,

JK, T and D Type; Ripple Counter; Shift Registers; RAMs.

Unit V Data Acquisition and Conversion

A/D and D/A Converters; Sample and Hold Circuits; Comparators; Multivibrators – Astable

and Bistable

Books

1. M.M. Mano, Digital Logic and Computer Design, PHI, 1986.

2. A.P. Malvino, Digital Principles and Applications.

3. Ronald J. Tocci, Digital Systems – Principles and Applications, PHI, 1995.

EL-211 ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS Credits: 4

Unit I Devices

Varactor Diode, Schottky Barrier Diode, Tunnel Diode, Review of BJT Characteristics and

Parameters, Minority Carrier Profile in BJT, Base-width Modulation, BJT as a Switch,

Review of MOSFEET and Its Operation, MOSFET as a Resistor and as a Switch, Channel

Length Modulation.

Unit II Biasing and Stabilization

Operating Point, Bias Stability of BJT and MOSFETs, Biasing Circuits of BJT and

MOSFETs, Stabilization Against Various Parameters, Bias Compensation.

Unit III Small Signal and Low Frequency Amplifiers

Low Frequency Models for BJT’s and MOSFETs, Small Signal-Low Frequency Analysis of

BJT and MOSFET Amplifiers in Various Configurations and Their Compensation.

Unit IV Frequency Response of Amplifiers

Frequency Response, Effects of Coupling and Bypass Capacitors, Introduction to High

Frequency Response Using Hybrid Models of BJT’s and MOSFETs, High Frequency

Response of Common Source Amplifier.

Unit V Feedback Amplifiers and Oscillators

Feedback Concept, Negative Feedback and Its Effect on Various Amplifier Characteristics,

Positive Feedbacks, Principle of Oscillator Circuits, Popular BJT and MOS Oscillators,

Colpitt and Hartleys Oscillator, Crystal Oscillators, Negative Resistance Oscillators.

Books:

1. A. S. Sedra & K.C. Smith, Microelectronic Circuits, Oxford University Press, 2009.

2. J. Millman & C.C. Halkias, Integrated Electronics McGraw Hill, 2005.

3. R. Boylestad & L. Nashelsky, Electronics Devices and Circuits, Prentice Hall, 2005.

EL-211N ELECTRONIC DEVICES Credits: 4

Unit I Semiconductor Physics and Diodes

Energy Bands in Silicon, Intrinsic and Extrinsic Silicon; Carrier Transport in Silicon:

Diffusion Current, Drift Current, Mobility, and Resistivity; Generation and Recombination of

Carriers; PN Junction: Barrier Potential, Energy Band Diagram, Diode Equation, Charge

Storage, Recovery Time, Depletion and Diffusion Capacitances; Diode Clipping and

Clamping Circuits, Schottky Diode; Tunnel Diode

Unit II BJT

BJT: Minority Carrier Profile, Current Equation, Base Width Modulation, Transistor

Breakdown, Temperature Effects; BJT in Different Regions of Operation; Ebers-Moll Model;

Biasing and Bias Stability; Small Signal Models for BJT; Analysis of Single Transistor

Amplifier: Inverting Amplifier (CE), Voltage Buffer (CC), Current Buffer (CB), Frequency

Response, High Frequency Analysis

Unit III MOSFET

MOSFET and Its Operation: Current Equation, Channel Length Modulation, Oxide

Capacitance; Biasing and Bias Stability; Small Signal Models for MOSFET; Analysis of

Single Transistor Amplifiers: Inverting Amplifier (CS), Voltage Buffer (CD), Current Buffer

(CG), Frequency Response, High frequency analysis

Unit IV Feedback Amplifiers and Oscillators

Feedback Concept; Negative Feedback and Its Effects on Amplifier Characteristics; Positive

Feedback; Principle of Oscillator Circuits; BJT and MOS Oscillators

Books:

1. A. S. Sedra, K. C. Smith, Microelectronic Circuits, Oxford Univ Press, 2004.

2. J. Millman, C. Halkias and Chetan D. Parikh, Integrated Electronics, 2e,Tata

MacGraw Hill, 2010.

3. Donald A. Neamen, Semiconductor Physics and Devices, 3e, Tata MacGraw Hill,

2007

EL-212 CIRCUIT THEORY Credits: 4

Unit I Elementary Network Analysis

Methods of Network Analysis: Mesh and Node Variable Analysis; Star Delta

Transformation; Steady State Analysis of AC Circuits; Characteristics of The Sinusoid:

Average , Peak and Effective Values; Impedance Concept; Active, Reactive and Complex

Power; Power Factor, Q of Coils and Capacitors; Series and Parallel Resonances; Bandwidth

and Selectivity; Series Parallel Reduction of AC/DC Circuits; Superposition, Reciprocity,

Thevenin’s, Norton’s, Millman’s and Maximum Power Transfer Theorems; Application of

Theorems to the Analysis of AC and DC Circuits, Steady State Analysis with Non-sinusoidal

Inputs

Unit II Graph Theory and Network Equations

Introduction to Graph Theory; Network Matrices: Incidence and Reduced Incidence matrix,

Loop Matrix, Fundamental Loop Matrix, Cut Set and Cut Set Matrix, Fundamental Cut Set

Matrix; Relationship Between Network Matrices; Basic Laws of Circuit Theory (KVL and

KCL); Formulation of Network Equations, Fundamental Loop Equations and Nodal

Admittance Matrix; Tellegen’s Theorem and Application

Unit III Two Port Circuit Parameters

Introduction to Two Port Networks, Two Port Network Parameters: Open Circuit Impedance

Z Parameters, Short Circuit Admittance Y Parameters, Hybrid h Parameters, Chain

Parameters ABCD and g Parameters; Image Impedances; T and π Network; Relationship

Between Different Two Port Network, Interconnection of Two-Port Network: Cascade,

Series, Parallel, Series-parallel and Parallel-series Connections; Indefinite Admittance Matrix

and Applications.

Unit IV Introduction to State Variable Analysis

Introduction; Basic Consideration in Writing State Equations; Order of Complexity,

Formulation of State Equations; Solutions of State Equations, State Transisiton Matrix

Books:

1) M.E.Valkenburg, Network Analysis , PHI,1995

2) S.Ghosh, Network Theory: Analysis and synthesis, PHI, 2005

3) T.S.K.Iyear, Circuit Theory, TMG Hill, 1985

4) Del Toro, Principles of Electrical Engg, PHI, 1994

EL-213 ANALOG ELECTRONICS Credits: 4

Unit I Differential Amplifiers

Differential Pair, Small Signal Operation, Differential and Common Mode Gains, CMRR,

Differential Amplifier with Active Load, Frequency Response of Differential Amplifier,

Biasing of ICs, Cascode Amplifier

Unit II Operational Amplifier

Design of Operational Amplifier: Gain Stage of Opamp, Level Shifting Stage of Opamp.,

Output Stages: Class A, B, and AB, Gain and Frequency Response of Opamp.

Unit III Opamp Applications

Non-ideal Opamp Parameters and Their Measurement, Current to Voltage and Voltage to

Current Converters, Instrumentation Amplifier, Precision Rectifiers, Log and Exponential

Converters, Schmitt Trigger and Applications as Monostable and Astable Multivibrators,

Square /Triangular Wave Generators, Voltage Controlled Oscillators

Unit IV Analog ICs Applications

Astable and Monostable Multivibrators Using CMOS Gates, 555 Timer Circuit and

Applications, Analog Multiplier/ Divider Using Log- antilog Amplifier, Introduction to PLL

Books:

1. A. S. Sedra, K. C. Smith, Microelectronic Circuits, Oxford Univ Press, 2011.

2. S. Soclof, Application of Analog ICs, PHI, 2004.

3. J. Millman & A. Grabel, Microelectronics, McGraw Hill, 1987.

EL-222 ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTATION Credits: 4

Unit I Standards, voltage and Current Measuring Analog Instruments

Definitions of Accuracy, Precision, Resolution; Sensitivity and Linearity; Standards of

Resistance and EMF; Classification of Measuring Instruments; Theory and Constructional

Details of PMMC Instruments; Use of PMMC Instruments as Ammeter and Voltmeter;

Moving Iron Instruments; Electronic Voltmeter and Its Special Features; Measurement of

DC, RMS and Peak Values of AC Voltages by Electronic Voltmeter

Unit II Measurement of Power, Power Factor and Frequency

Electrodynamometer Type Instruments: Theory and Constructional Details; Use of

Electrodynamometer Type Instruments as Ammeter and Voltmeter; Theory and

Constructional Details of Electrodynamometer Type, Induction Type and Hall Effect Type

Wattmeters; Power factor Meters; Measurement of Frequency

Unit III Measurement of Resistance, Inductance and Capacitance

Techniques for The measurements of Low, Medium and High Resistances; Different

Methods for The Measurement of Inductance and Capacitance; Theory of Q-Meters and

Their Applications; Different Types of Ohmmeters and Their Applications

Unit IV Cathode Ray Oscilloscopes

Important Components of a General Purpose CRO; Constructional Details of CRT; Theory

and Design of Time Base Generator; Purpose of Synchronization; Introduction to Different

Types of CROs: Dual Trace, Double Beam, Storage, Sampling and Digital Oscilloscopes;

Applications 01 CRO’s

Unit V Transducers

Introduction; Different Types of Transducers; Measurement of Linear Displacement, Strain,

Temperature, Pressure and fluid flow

Books:

1. W.D. Cooper and A.D. Helfrick, Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques,

Prentice Hall of India, 2005.

2. E.W. Golding and F.C. Widdis, Electrical Measurements and Measuring Instruments,

Wheeler Publishing, 1993.

EL-223 CONTROL SYSTEMS Credits: 4

Unit I Classification and Components of Control Systems

Introduction to Control Systems; Classification of Control Systems: Open-loop and Closed-

loop, Linear and Nonlinear, Continuous and Discrete-time, Deterministic and Stochastic,

SISO and MIMO, Static and Dynamic, Causal and Non-causal, Time Varying and Time

Invariant, Forced and Forced-free, Autonomous and Non-autonomous; Control System

Components: Potentiometer, Synchro, Tachometer, Gyroscope, DC Servomotors, AC

Servomotor and Their Modelling; DC and AC Servosystems

Unit II Stability of Linear Control Systems

Introduction, BIBO Stability, Methods of Determining Stability: Routh-Hurwitz Criterion,

Bode’s Plot, Gain and Phase Margins, Root-locus, Nyquist Stability Criterion

Unit III Compensation Techniques

Concepts of Compensation; Steady State Errors; Design of Phase Lead and Phase Lag

Compensators; Effects of Compensation on the Systems Performance; Industrial Controllers:

P, PI, PD and PID Controllers

Unit IV State Variable Analysis

Introduction; Representation of State Equations; Relationship Between State Equations and

Differential Equations and Transfer Functions; Solution of State Equations; State Transition

Matrix; State Transition Equation; Different Forms of State Equations; Controllability and

Observability of Control Systems.

Unit V Analysis of Nonlinear Control Systems

Introduction to Nonlinear Systems; Physical Nonlinearities; Equivalent Linearization;

Describing Function Technique; Stability Analysis Using Describing Function

Books:

1. I. J. Nagrath and M. Gopal, Control System Engineering, New Age Int., 2007.

2. B.C. Kuo, Automatic Control Systems, Prentice Hall of India, 2004.

3. K. Ogatta, Modern Control Engineering, Prentice Hall of India, 2002.

4. Rihan M., Advanced Control System, Axioe Publication, 2011.

EL-231 LOGIC CIRCUITS Credits: 4

Unit I Boolean Logic

Boolean Algebra - Huntington’s Postulates, Basic Theorems, Universal Sets; Switching

Algebra; Logic Function Representation – Canonical SOP and POS Forms, Truth Tables,

Minterm and Maxterm List ; Logic Gates; Introduction to Number Systems – Binary, Octal,

Hexadecimal and Inter-conversion; One’s and Two’s Complement – Signed Representation,

Addition and Subtraction, Binary codes – BCD, Gray, Alphanumeric Codes

Unit II Combinational Logic Circuits

Logic Function Minimization – Karnaugh Map, Prime Implicants, SOP and POS Forms,

Don’t Care Conditions; Encoder, Decoder/Demultiplexer, Multiplexer; Variable Entered

Maps (VEM); Function Implementation with Multiplexer and Decoder; Magnitude

Comparator; Priority Encoder; Code Converters

Unit III Sequential Logic

Definition and State Representation, Mealy and Moore Machines, Latch and Flip-Flop - RS,

JK, D, T Flip-Flops and Their Operation, State Tables, Excitation Tables and Triggering;

Registers, Universal Shift Register; Synchronous Design; Asynchronous and Synchronous

Counters - Design and Analysis, Ripple, Up/Down, Modulo-n, Johnson, Ring Counters; Ring

Oscillator

Unit IV Selected Topics

Arithmetic Functions – Half Adder, Full Adder, Binary Adder/Subtractor; Look Ahead Carry

Generator, Decimal Adder; BCD-to-7-Segment Decoder/Driver; Implementation Using XOR

and XNOR Gates - Parity Checker/Generator, BCD-Gray Code Converter; Introduction to

Programmable Logic Devices; Tabular Method for Logic Function Minimization

Books:

1. M. M. Mano and M. D. Ciletti, Digital Design, Pearson, 2004.

2. R. J. Tocci, N. S. Widmer and G. L. Moss, Digital Systems: Principles and Applications, 9th ed.

2004, Pearson.

3. C. H. Roth,Jr. Fundamentals of Logic Design, 5th ed. 2004, Cengage Learning.

4. N. Balabanian and B. Carlson, Digital Logic Design Principles, 2001, Wiley.

EL-241 SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS Credits: 4

Unit I Introduction to Signals and Systems

Representation and Classifications of Continuous and Discrete Time Signals and Systems;

Fourier Series Representation; Singularity Functions; Convolution Integral; Impulse

Response and Its Properties.

Unit II Transform Techniques

Fourier Transform and Its Properties; Hilbert Transform; Review of Laplace Transform;

Sampling; Z-Transform and Its Properties; Discrete Time Fourier Transform; Discrete

Fourier Transforms.

Unit III Analysis Using Transforms

System Analysis Using Fourier and Laplace Transforms of I & II Order Systems; Transfer

Function; Feedback Systems; Block Diagram & Signal Flow Graph Techniques; Discrete

Time System Analysis Using Z-Transform.

Unit IV Random Signals

Review of Random Variables; Probability Distribution and Probability Density Functions;

Uniform, Gaussian, Exponential and Poissan Random Variables; Statistical Averages;

Random Processes; Correlation; Power Spectral Density; Analysis of Linear Time Invariant

Systems With Random Input; Noise and Its Representations

Books:

1. Alan, V. Oppenheim & A.S. Wilsky, Signals & Systems, PHI, 1998.

2. Simon Haykin, Signals and Systems, John Wiley, 1999.

3. Simon Haykin, Communication Systems, John Wiley, 1995.

4. Tarun Kumar Rawat, Signals and Systems, Oxford, 2010

EL-242 PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Credits: 4

Unit I Continuous Wave (CW) Modulation

Representation of Bandpass Signals; Need of Modulation; Frequency Translation; Amplitude

Modulation Systems (AM, DSBSC, SSBSC, VSB Modulation/Demodulations); Angle

Modulation: Generation and Demodulation of FM; Non-linear Effects in AM and FM

Systems; Frequency Division Multiplexing; Superhetrodyne Radio Receiver

Unit II Pulse Modulation

Sampling Theorem; Various Sampling Techniques, Sampling of Low Pass and Bandpass

Signals; Time Division Multiplexing; Generation and Recovery of PAM, PWM and PPM;

Introduction to PCM; Quantization; Quantization Error; Line Coding; Companding;

Differential PCM (DPCM); Delta Modulation; Slope Overloading and Granular Noise;

Adaptive DPCM and Adaptive Delta Modulation; Digital Multiplexing (T1 and E1 Systems)

Unit III Noise in Modulation Systems

Different Types of Noise, Equivalent Receiver Model, Noise in CW Receivers Using

Coherent Detection; Noise in CW Receivers Using Envelope Detector; Noise in FM

Receivers; Threshold Effect; Noise in PCM System: Transmission and Quantization Noise

Unit IV Baseband Pulse Transmission

Introduction, Matched Filter and Correlation Receivers; Error Rate Due to Noise; Inter-

Symbol Interference (ISI) and Eye Patterns; Nyquist Criterion of Distortion-less Baseband

Transmission; Baseband Pulse Shaping; Correlative Coding; Equalization Techniques

Books

1. Simon Haykin, Communication Systems, 4th Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2001.

2. H. Taub, D. L. Schilling & G. Saha, Principles of Communication Systems, 3rd

Edition, Tata

McGraw Hill, 2008.

3. A. B. Carlson, Communication Systems, McGraw Hills, 2002.

4. B. P. Lathi, Modem Digital and Analog Communication Systems, 3rd

Ed., Oxford Press,

2004.

5. R. E. Ziemer & W. H. Tranta, Principles of Communications, 5th Edition, John Wiley, 2002.

6. J. G. Proakis & M. Salehi, Communication Systems Engineering, 2nd

Edition, Pearson

Education, 2006.

7. R. P. Sigh and S. D. Sapre, Communication Systems: Analog and Digital, 2nd

Edition, TMH,

2007.

EL-311 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS Credits: 4

Unit I Logic Families

Digital IC Terminology; TTL Logic Family; Analysis of TTL Gates; NAND, NOR, AOI

Gates; Schottky TTL; Open Collector and Tri-State TTL; Emitter Coupled Logic; Basic ECL

Circuits; ECL OR/NOR Gate.

Unit II MOS Based Circuits

MOS and CMOS Logic Circuits and Characteristics; CMOS Inverter, NAND, NOR, X-OR,

X-NOR Gates; CMOS Complex Gates; CMOS Transmission Gate; CMOS Clocked S-R and

D-Flip-Flops. Pseudo NMOS Logic Circuits; Pseudo NMOS Inverter and other Gates; Pass

Transistor Logic (PTL) and Complementary Pass Transistor Logic (CPTL); Realization of

Different Gates in PTL and CPTL; Bi-CMOS Digital Circuits; Introduction to Bi-CMOS;

Comparison of various Logic Families.

Units III Memory Devices

Memory Terminology, Semiconductor Memories; Types and Architecture; ROM --

Architecture, Addressing and Timing; MOS ROM; PROM, EPROM, EEPROM (EAPROM),

ROM Applications; Programmable Logic Device Arrays (PAL and PLA); ROM/PLD Based

Combinational Design; Semiconductor RAM -- RAM Organization; Static RAM, Dynamic

RAM; DRAM Structure and Operation; Read/Write Cycles; DRAM Refreshing; Expanding

Word Size and Capacity; Concepts of CCD.

Unit IV Data Converters

Principle of Operation of Digital-to-Analog Converters (DACs); Basic Circuits Using Binary

Weighted Resistors and R/2R Ladder; DAC Specification; DAC Applications. Analog-to-

Digital Converters (ADCs); - Digital Ramp ADC, Up/Down Digital Ramp ADC, (Tracking

ADC), Successive Approximation ADC; Flash ADC, Dual Slope Integrated ADC; Data

Acquisition, Sample and Hold Circuits; Multiplexed ADC.

Books:

1. Ronald. J. Tocci, And Neal .S. Widmer, Digital Systems – Principles And Applications,

Eighth Edition, Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2001

2. A.S. Sedra and K.C. Smith, Microelectronic Circuits, Oxford University Press, Vth Edition,

2004.

3. J. Millman and Grabel, Microelectronics, McGaw Hill, 1987.

EL – 312 ACTIVE NETWORK SYNTHESIS Credits: 4

Unit I Active Network Concepts

Network Functions; Filters: Types, Specifications and Transfer Functions; Active Networks;

Bilinear Transfer Functions: Passive and Active Realizations; Lossy and Lossless Integrators;

Differentiators; Pole-zero Plots

Unit II Analog Filter Design Techniques

Approximation Methods: Butterworth, Chebyshev, and Elliptic Type; Frequency

Transformations; Sensitivity: Single Parameter and Multi Parameter Sensitivities, Hain

Sensitivity; Biquad Design Parameters and Their Significance

Unit III Synthesis Techniques

Biquad Topologies: Positive Feedback Topology, Negative Feedback Topology; Sallen Key

Configurations, KHN and Tow-Thomas Configurations; Cascade Approach; Ladder

Simulation Through Element Substitution; Inductance Simulation: FDNR Simulation, GIC,

Filter Realization; Operational Simulation of Ladders

Unit IV Applications in Signal Conditioning

Sample and Hold Circuits, Analog Multiplexing and De-multiplexing; Tuned Amplifiers,

Mixers, Programmable Gain Amplifiers; Current Mode Building Blocks and Tunable Filters

Using OTA; Current Conveyors; Quadrature Oscillator and High Frequency Oscillator

Books:

1. R. Schaumann and V.Valkenburg, Design of Analog Filters, Oxford Univ. Press, 2004.

2. Sedra and K. C. Smith, Microelectronic Circuits, Oxford Univ. Press, 2011.

3. Tahira Parveen, Textbook of Operational Transconductance Amplifier and Analog

Integrated Circuits, I.K. International, New Delhi, 2009

4. G. Daryanani, “Principles of Active Network Synthesis & Design”, John Wiley & Sons.

EL- 314N SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE MODELLING Credits: 4

Unit 1 Basic Semiconductor Physics

Quantum Mechanical Concepts and Atomic States; Solid State Structure; Band Structure;

Semiconductor Statistics; Intrinsic, Extrinsic & Compensated Semiconductors; Electron and

Hole Mobilities and Drift Velocities; Hall Effect and Magnetoresistance; Semiconductor

Equations Based on the Field Dependent Velocity and Diffusion; Quasi-Fermilevels;

Generation and Recombination of Carriers

Unit II Models for P-N Junction, Schottky Barrier Junction, Hetero Junction and

Ohmic Contacts

P-N Junction Under Zero Bias; I-V Characteristics Of p-n Junction; Generation &

Recombination Currents; Depletion & Diff. Capacitances; Junction Breakdown; Tunneling

and Tunnel Diodes; Schottky Barrier: Thermionic Emission Model, V-I Characteristics and

Thermionic-Field Emission Models; Ohmic Contacts and Heterojunctions

Unit III Bipolar Junction Transistors

Minority Carrier Profiles; Current Components; Base Spreading Resistance; Emitter Current

Crowding; Graded Base Transistors; Early Effect; Ebers-Moll Model; Gummel-Poon Model;

Breakdown; Small Signal Model and High Frequency Models

Unit IV Field Effect Transistors

MOS Capacitor; C-V Characteristics; MOSFET: Gradual Channel Approximation and

Charge Control Model; Charge Sheet Model; Constant Mobility Model; Velocity Saturation

Effects; Sub-Threshold Current in MOSFETs; Large Signal Modeling; Small Signal

Modeling (Low & Medium Frequency); High Frequency Small Signal Models; MOSFET

Modeling for Circuit Simulation.

Books:

1. M. Shur, Physics of Semiconductor Devices, Prentice Hall of India, 1990.

2. Neamen, Semiconductor Physics and Devices, Tata McGraw Hill, 2011

3. Y. Tsividis, Operation and Modeling of the MOS, McGraw Hill, 1999.

4. K. Ogatta, Modern Control Engineering, Prentice Hall of India, 1989.

EL 315 VLSI DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY Credits: 4

Unit I VLSI System Design

VLSI Design Problem; Design Flow of VLSI Systems; Introduction to High level Design

(HDL Based Design); RTL Based Description of Digital Systems; Concept of Critical Path in

Synchronous Systems; Concept of Datapath and Control Path; Design of Uniprocessor;

Pipelined and Parallel Architectures for a Given Algorithm

Unit II: VLSI Circuit Design

High Frequency MOS Models; Design and Performance Optimization of Static CMOS Gates

Using Logical Effort; Design Flow of Analog Circuits; Design of CMOS Inverting Amplifier;

Design Parameter Optimization in Analog Design (Gain, Bandwidth, Input/Output

Impedance, Output Swing, Slew Rate, Noise, Linearity, Offsets, Power); Integrated Circuit

Layout and Design Rules; Layout of a CMOS Inverter, NAND and NOR Gates

Unit III IC Processing Steps

Mask Making and Pattern Generation; Mask and Printing Defects; Yield; Basic Processing

Steps of IC Fabrication; Lithography; Wet and Dry Etching; Oxidation, Diffusion, Ion

Implantation; Annealing, Epitaxial Growth, CVD, Metallization

Unit IV IC Process Integration

Self Alignment; Isolations: Junction Isolation; Guard-Ring; Shallow and Deep Trench; Local

Oxidation; CMOS Technology: High-k Processes, Bipolar Technology, BiCMOS

Technology; Introduction to SOI and GaAs

Books:

1. Jan M. Rabaey, Anantha P. Chandrakasan, Borivoje Nikolić, Digital Integrated Circuits,

2/e, Pearson Education, 2003

2. Behzad Razavi, Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits, McGraw Hill, 2002.

3. S.A. Campbell, The Science and Engineering of Microelectronic Fabrication, Oxford

University Press, 2001.

4. J. D. Plummer, M. Deal & P.D. Griffin, Silicon VLSI Technology: Fundamentals, Practice,

and Modeling, Prentice Hall, 2000.

EL 332 MICROPROCESSORS & MICROCONTROLLERS Credits: 4

Unit I The 8085 Microprocessor

Introduction to Microcomputer Architecture; 8085 Microprocessor Architecture; Instruction

Set of 8085; Assembly Language Programming; Timing and Control Unit; Instruction Cycle;

Comparison of Different Machine Cycles

Unit II Data Transfer Schemes

Hardware Schemes for Data Transfer - Programmed Data Transfer, Interrupt Data Transfer

and DMA; Interrupt Structure of 8085; Enabling, Disabling and Masking of Interrupts;

Various Interrupt Schemes; Multiple Interrupts; Programmable Interrupt Controller (8259);

DMA and DMA Controller (8257)

Unit III Interfacing Memory and I/O Devices

Need of Interfacing; Address Space Partitioning – Memory Mapped I/O and I/O Mapped I/O,

Advantages and Disadvantages; 8085 Minimal System; Interfacing Devices - 8255 (PIC),

8251 (USART), 8253 (Timer), 8279 (Keyboard Controller)

Unit IV Microcontrollers and Advanced Microprocessor

Architecture of 8051 Microcontroller; Signals, I/O Ports, Memory, Counters and Timers;

Serial Data I/O; Interrupts, Interfacing with DAC/ADC; Introduction to 8086 Microprocessor

Books:

1. R. S. Gaonkar, Microprocessor Architecture, Programming and Applications, Wiley

Eastern Limited 5th edition

2. Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Janice Gillispie Mazidi, Rolin D. McKinlay, The 8051

Microcontroller and Embedded Systems, Second Edition, Pearson Education, 2008.

3. Douglas V. Hall, Microprocessor and Interfacing – Programming and Hardware, Tata

McGraw Hill (2006)

4. M. Rafiquzzaman, Microprocessor and Microcomputer Development System, Cambridge

Publications, Harper and Row. (1997)

5. A. P. Malvino, Digital Computer Electronics- An Introduction to Microcomputer, Tata

McGraw Hill 2nd

edition.

EL-340 COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING Credits: 4

Unit 1

Overview of Communication System; Channels and Their Characteristics; Modulation and its

Benefits; Amplitude Modulations: AM, DSBSC, SSB, and VSB modulation; Frequency and

Phase Modulation; Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), Radio Receiver Principle.

Unit 2

Introduction to Pulse Modulation; Digital Pulse Modulations: Pulse Code Modulation (PCM),

Differential PCM, and Delta Modulation (DM); Time Division Multiplexing (TDM);

Overview of Baseband Communication.

Unit 3

Overview of Digital Modulation; Modulation Techniques: Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK),

Phase Shift Keying (PSK), Frequency Shift Keying, Quaternary PSK (QPSK); Quadrature

Amplitude Modulation (QAM); Comparison of Different Modulation Techniques.

Unit 4

Source Coding and Data Compression; Channel Capacity; Error Detection and Correction;

Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) Codes; Overview of Spread Spectrum Communication and

Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA); Introduction to Mobile Communication.

Books:

1. Simon Haykin, Communication Systems, 4th Edition, John Wily & Sons Asia Pte. Ltd.,

2001.

2. B. P. Lathi and Z. Ding, Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems, OUP, India,

4th Edition, 2010.

3. R. Blake, Electronic Communication System, Thomson Asia Pte. Ltd., 2002.

EL-342 DIGITAL COMMUNICATION Credits: 4

Unit I Signal Space Analysis and Detection

Geometric Representation of Signals; Gram Schmidt Orthogonalization Procedure;

Detection of Known Signals in Noise; MAP and ML Criteria; Probability of Error;

Correlation and Matched Filter Receivers; Estimation: Concepts and Criterion

Unit II Passband Communication Introduction; ASK, PSK, FSK, QPSK, QAM and MSK; Power Spectra of Baseband and

Passband Signals; Coherent and Non-coherent Detection of Modulated Signals; Probability

of Error in Detection; Comparison of Various Modulation Techniques

Unit III Information Theory and Coding

Introduction; Discrete Memoryless Sources; Information Measure; Source Coding Theorem

and Source Coding Techniques; Channel Capacity; Channel Coding and Channel Capacity

Theorems; Error Detection and Correction; ARQ Protocols; Linear Block Codes;

Convolutional Codes

Unit IV Spread Spectrum Communication

Introduction; Spreading Sequences; Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum; Frequency and Time

Hopping Spread Spectrum; Applications of Spread Spectrum

Books: 1. G J Proakis, Digital Communication, 5

th Edition, McGraw Hill, 2008.

2. S Haykin, Digital Communication, Wiley, 1988.

3. B P Lathi and Z Ding, Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems, 4th Edition,

Oxford Univ Press, 2010

4. Tri T Ha, Theory and Design of Digital Communication, Cambridge Univ Press, 2010.

5. Van Trees, Detection, Estimation and Modulation Theory, Vol 1 and 2, John Wiley, 2004

6. R Bose, Information Theory, Coding and Cryptography, 2nd

Ed, Tata McGraw Hill, 2008.

7. G R Cooper and C D McGillem, Modern Communication and Spread Spectrum, McGraw

Hill, 2006.

8. S Haykin and M Moher, Communication Systems, 5th Ed, Wiley, 2009.

EL-343N DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING Credits: 4

Unit I Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT)

Review of DFT, Functional Operations with DFT; Efficient Computation of DFT; FFT

Algorithm; Fourier Analysis of Signals using DFT

Unit II Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) Filters

Frequency Response for Rational System Functions; All Pass and Minimum Phase Systems;

Basic Structure for IIR Filters; Design of IIR Filters from Continuous Time Filters;

Frequency Transformations of IIR Low Pass Filters; Computer Aided Design of IIR Filters

Unit III Finite Impulse Response (FIR) Filters

Linear Systems with Generalized Linear Phase; Basic Network Structures for FIR Filters;

Design of FIR Filters; Window Function Methods and Frequency Sampling Technique;

Comparison of FIR and IIR Filters

Unit IV Finite Word Length Effects in DSP

Overview of Finite Precision Numerical Effects; Effects of Round Off Noise in Digital

Filters; Effect of Finite Register Length in DFT Computation; Introduction to Multirate

Digital Signal Processing

Books:

1. A. V. Oppenheim and R. W. Schafer, Discret Time Signal Processing, PHI, 1992.

2. J. G. Proakis and D. G. Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing Principles, Algorithms and

Applications, PHI 1996.

3. A. Antoniou, Digital Filters: Analysis, Design and Applications, Tata McGraw Hill Book

Co.

EL-344 COMPUTER COMMUNICATION NETWORKS

Credits: 4

Unit I Introduction and Layered Network Architecture

Growth of Computer Networking; Resource Sharing; Growth of the Internet; Layering;

System Design; Network Topology; Packets, Frames and Error Detection

Unit II Multi access Communication

Introduction; Slotted Multi-access and Aloha Systems; Splitting Algorithms; Carrier Sensing;

Multi-access Reservation; Packet Radio Networks

Unit III Routing and Flow Control

WAN Routing; Interconnected Network Routing; Network Algorithms and Shortest Path

Routing; Means of Flow Control; Window Flow Control; Overview of Flow Control in

Practice

Unit IV Internetworking

Concepts, Architecture and Protocols; Internet Protocol Addresses; Binding Protocol

Addresses; IP Datagrams and Datagram Forwarding; IP Encapsulation, Fragmentation and

Reassembly; Error Reporting Mechanism (ICMP); TCP: Reliable Transport Service

Books:

1. A Leon-Garcia and I. Widjaja, Communication Networks, Tata McGraw Hill, 2004.

2. L.L. Peterson & B.S. Davie, Computer Networks, Elsevier, 2007.

3. D. Bertsekas & R. Gallager, Data Networks, PHI, 1997.

4. B.A. Forouzan, TCP/IP Protocol Suite, Tata McGraw Hill, 2005.

EL-352N OPTOELECTRONICS Credits: 4

Unit I Optical Sources

Introduction, Importance of Optical Communication and Signal Processing; Desirable

Properties of Optical Sources for Communication applications; Semiconductor Materials;

Binary, Ternary and Quaternary Materials, Direct and Indirect Band Gap Materials; Spectrum

of Recombination Radiation; Heterojunctions and Double Heterostructure LED's; Internal

and External Quantum Efficiencies; SC Laser Diodes; Fabry-Perot Lasers; Number of

Modes, Single Mode Lasers; DFB Lasers, C3-Lasers, Quantum Well Lasers; Transmitter

Circuits

Unit ll Optical Detectors and Receiver Circuits

Photodiodes: Principle of Operation, Quantum Efficiency and Responsivity; P-I-N

Photodiodes: APD's, RAPD's, SOLAR Cells; Design Structure and Principle of Operation of

Photo Transistors; Opto Couplers; Receiver Amplifiers; Noise Performance; Differential

Photo Detectors

Unit Ill Opto-Electronic Amplifiers and Other ICs

FP Cavity as Optical amplifiers; Optical Filters and Optical Bistable Devices; Opto-electronic

Integrated Circuits

Unit IV Opto-Electronic Modulation and Switching Devices

Introduction, Analog & Digital Modulation; Quantum - Wel-electro - absorption Modulators;

Electro-Optic Modulators; Optical Switching and Logic Devices; SEED'S and Their

Applications

Books:

1. Pallab Bhattacharya, Semiconductor Optoelectronic Devices, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.

New Delhi, 2002.

2. G. Keiser, Optical Fiber Communication, McGraw Hill, 3rd

Edition.

3. M. J. Senior, Optical Communication System, Prentice Hall of India Ltd. 2nd

Edition, 1994.

EL- 353 ADVANCE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD Credits: 4

Unit I Practical Applications of Electromagnetic Field

Field Applications in Microwaves; Antennas Cathode Ray Tube; Television; Radars; Optical

Fibers; Integrated Circuits; Wave Propagation; Electromagnetic Interference; Transmission

Lines; Grounding, Instrumentation, Circuit Breakers, Relays, Control, and Other Static &

Rotating Field Devices/Systems

Unit II Solution Techniques-I

Experimental Methods: Curvilinear Mapping, Electrolytic Tank Mapping, Conducting Paper

Mapping; Image Method and Iteration Method

Unit III Solution Technique-II

Analytical Methods: Direct Integration Method, Separation of Variables Method, Moment

Method, Monte Carle Method; Geometrical Theory of Diffraction; Conformal

Transformation; Schwartz Christoffel Transformation

Unit IV Solution Techniques-III

Numerical Methods: Finite Difference Method, Finite Element Method; Computer

Techniques: Scattering Problems, Wave Guide Problems; Ray Tracing; Analysis of Linear

Antennas

Unit V Identification, Handling and Simplification of Field Problems

Physical Problems and Practical Constraints; Identification of Source; Relevant Field

Equations Appropriate Coordinate System; Components Present and Their Mode of

Variation; Pre- and Post- Analysis Simplification Techniques

Books:

1. Binns, K.J. & Lawrenson, P.J., Analysis and Computation of Electric and Magnetic Field

Problems, 2nd

ed., Pergamon Press, Printed in Hungary, 1973.

2. Bewley, L.V., Two Dimensional Fields Electrical Engineering, McMillan, 1948.

3. Gibbs, W.J., Conformal Transformation in Electrical Engineering, Chapman and Hall,

London, 1958.

EL-354 MICROWAVE AND ANTENNA Credits: 4

Unit I Microwave Components and Measurements

Introduction; Guided Wave Propagation; Waveguide Components: Tees, Hybrid Rings; Waveguide-

Tuning, Matching, Loading, and Attenuating Components; Directional Couplers, Isolators,

Circulators and Detector; Modelling of Microwave Components-Scattering Parameters and their

Properties; Measurements of VSWR, Impedance, Frequency, Wavelength, Attenuation and Power

Unit II Microwave Tubes

Introduction; Frequency Limitations of Conventional Tubes; Multi-cavity Klystron Amplifiers and

Oscillators; Reflex Klystron Oscillators and Their Applegate Diagrams; Magnetrons and Traveling

Wave Tubes (TWTs) their Working and Applications

Unit III Microwave Semiconductor Devices

Introduction; Micro-Strip & Strip Lines; Limitations of Transistor at High Frequencies;

Construction, Operation and Applications of Schottky Barrier Diode; Varactor Diode; Tunnel

Diode; Gunn Diode; PIN Diode; IMPATT & TRAPATT Diodes; Manley Rowe Relationship

and Parametric Amplifiers

Unit IV Antenna

Introduction; Hertzian Dipole; Half-Wave Dipole Antenna; Quarter-Wave Monopole

Antenna; Small-Loop Antenna; Microwave Antenna; Antenna Characteristics; Antenna

Arrays-Feed Points, Broad side and End fire Arrays; Multiplication of Patterns; Effect of

Ground; Effective Area and Firris Equation; Antenna Classification based on Frequency

Range and Applications; Antenna Analysis

Books:

1. S.Y. Liao, Microwave Devices & Circuits, 3rd ed., N. Delhi, Prentice Hall of India, 2003.

2. G. Kennedy and B. Davis, Electronic Communication Systems, 4th ed. Tata McGraw-Hill,

New Delhi, 1985.

3. M.L. Sisodia & V.L Gupta, Microwaves, New Age International Publishers, N. Delhi, 2001

4. J. D. Kraus, R.J. Marhefka & A.S. Khan, Antennas and Wave Propagation, 4th ed., Tata

McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2010.

5. C.G. Christodolou, P.F. Wahid, Fundamentals of Antennas: Concepts and Applications,

PHI, N. Delhi, 2004.

6. M. M. Radmanesh, Radio Frequency and Microwave Electronics—Illustrated, Pearson

Education-2001.

EL-409 NANO ELECTRONICS Credits: 4

Unit I Introduction to Nano-electronics

Top-down and Bottom-up Approaches; Classical and Quantum Mechanics; Schrödingers Wave Equation; Energy Band Structures and Their Properties; Quantum Phenomena: Tunneling, Quantum Confinement, Density of States

Unit II Nano-materials and Their Characterization Nano-materials and Their Classifications: Carbon Nanotubes, Graphene Nanoribbon and Nanowires; Overview of Their Properties; Nano-scale Characterization: Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and Scanning Probe Microscope (SPM)

Unit III Carrier Transport in Nano-structures

Diffusive vs Ballistic Transport; Quantum Transport Equations; Working and Operation

Nanostructure Devices: Resonant Tunneling Field Effect Transistor (FET), Si Nanowire

FETs, Graphene and Nanotubes FETs, Single Electron Devices and Multiple Gates FETs

Unit IV Applications of Nano-electronics Nano-structures as Interconnect; Low Power Wireless Transceiver; Applications of Nano-

materials in the Field of Energy; Biosensor; Health Care & Polymers etc

Books:

1. Vladimir V. Mitin, Viatcheslav A. Kochelap, Michael A. Stroscio, Introduction to Nano-

electronics: Science, Nanotechnology, Engineering and Applications, Cambridge University

Press, 2008.

2. Tamar Seideman, Current-Driven phenomenon in Nano-electronics, Pan Stanford Publishing Pte.

Ltd, 2011.

3. Byung-Gook Park, Sung Woo Hwang, Young June Park, Nano-electronics Devices,Pan Stanford

Publishing Pte. Ltd, 2012.

4. Mircea Dragoman, Daniela Dragoman, Nano-electronics: Principles and Devices, Artech House,

2008.

5. S. Datta, Quantum transport: Atom to transsitor, Cambridge University Press, 2005.

6. Mani Vaidyanathan, Electronics From Bottom Up: Strategies for Teaching Nano-electronics at

UNDERGRADUATE LEVEL, IEEE Transaction on Education, 2010, pp 1-9.

EL-410 RF SYSTEM DESIGN Credits: 4

Unit I Introduction of RF System

Overview of RF/Wireless Systems and Their Standards; Transmitter and Receiver

Architectures; Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) System and Its Applications; Wireless

LAN, Wireless PANs, UWB and WiMAX; Basic Concepts of Blue Tooth and Software

Defined Radio

Unit II Communication Circuits

Integrated Circuit Requirements for Modern RF/Wireless System; RF Circuits – Low-Noise

Amplifier (LNA) and Power Amplifier (PA); Oscillators; Mixers; Modulators and

Demodulators; Integration Issues of RF and Baseband Circuits

Unit III RF CMOS Modeling

Device Options and Requirements for Modern Wireless System; Low Frequency (LF) vs

Radio Frequency (RF) Model; RF Model Development; Equivalent Circuit Model

Representation; Parameter Evaluation; Model Verification; Figure-of-Merits (FoMs)

Unit IV RF Circuit Design

Design – Goals and Objectives; Design Specifications; Design Issues and Approach; Circuit

Design of Front-end Blocks of Wireless System; Performance Assessments

Books:

1. T.H. Lee, The Design of CMOS Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits, Cambridge University

Press, 2004.

2. T. Ytterdal, Y. Chang and T.A. Fjeldly, Device Modeling for Analog and RF CMOS Circuit

Design, Wiley, 2003.

3. Ulrich L. Rohde and D.P. Newbrick, RF/Microwave Circuit Design for Wireless

Applications, 2005.

4. Kai Chang, Inder Bahal and Vijay Nair, RF and Microwave Circuit and Component Design

for Wireless System, Wiley, 2002.

5. B. Razavi, RF Microelectronics, Prentice Hall, 2005.

6. Reed, Software Radio: A Modern Approach to Radio Engineering, Pearson, 2004.

EL- 411: FILTER CIRCUIT DESIGN Credits: 4

Unit I Active Devices

Current Conveyors; Practical NIC, GIC and Gyrator of Circuits; Nullators and Norators;

High Frequency Behaviour of Op-Amp and its Effect in Active Filters

Unit II Performance Evaluation

Review of Concept of Selectivity and Stability; Monte Carlo Simulation and its Comparison

with Approximate Sensitivity Analysis; Comparison of Multiple Op-Amp Biquads;

Sensitivity and Dynamic Range Considerations in Cascade Synthesis

Unit III Multiple Loop Feedback Method

Introduction; Follow the Leader Feedback (FLF) Filters: FLF Synthesis, Shifted Companion

Form (SCF) and Primary Resonator Black (PRB) Synthesis; Generalized FLF Synthesis;

Inverse FLF Synthesis

Unit IV Leap Frog and Minimum Sensitivity Topologies

LF Via Signal Flow Graph Simulation; Coupled Biquad (CB) Synthesis, Modified LF

Synthesis; Minimum Sensitivity Feedback (MSF) Topology; Design Example and

Comparative Discussion; Minimum Op-Amp MF Realization

Unit V Monolithic Filters

Active-R and Active-C Filters; OTA Based Filters; Introduction to Switched Capacitor

Networks; Current Mode Filters Using Current Conveyors

Books:

1. G. Daryanani, Principles of Active Network Synthesis and Design, John Willey & Sons,

1976.

2. R. Schaumann, M.S. Ghausi and K.R. Lakiv, Design of Analog Filters, PHI, 1990.

EL – 412 ANALOG IC DESIGN Credits: 4

Unit I Design of Analog Building Blocks

Introduction to Analog Design; Analog Signal Processing; Design of MOS Analog Switches;

Active Resistors; Design of Voltage and Current References; Current Conveyor Circuit;

Analog Multipliers

Unit II MOS Based Amplifiers

Design of MOS Based Inverting Amplifiers, BiCMOS Amplifier, CMOS Differential

Amplifier, MOS Cascode Amplifier; Design of CMOS Operational Amplifier; Current

Feedback Opamp; GaAs Amplifier

Unit III Analog Sampled Data Networks

Switched Capacitor Concept, Resistor Emulation, Design of SC Amplifiers: Unity Gain

Amplifier/Buffer, Non-inverting/Inverting Amplifier, Precision Multiply-by-two Circuit, SC

Integrators and Filters, Programmable Capacitor Arrays, Field Programmable Analog Arrays

Unit IV Circuit Characterization and Layout Techniques

Analog Layout Techniques: Multifinger Transistors, Symmetry, Common Centroid

Technique, Reference Distribution, Pads and ESD Protection, Substrate Coupling, Properties

of IC Components Resistance/Capacitance Estimation of MOS Devices, Matched Cell

Layout Automation

Books:

1. Phillip E. Allen, and Douglus R. Holberg, CMOS Analog Circuit Design, Oxford Univ.

Press, 2007.

2. Behzad Razavi, Design of Analog CMOS ICs, Tata Mc Graw Hill, 2008.

3. Neil H. E. Weste and K. Eshergian, Principles of CMOS VLSI Design, Pearson Edu., 2001.

4. R. L. Geiger et al., VLSI Design techniques for analog and digital circuits, Mc Graw Hill,

1990.

EL-413 DIGITAL IC DESIGN Credits: 4

Unit I Introduction to Digital IC Design

Issues, Cost, Functionality and Robustness; Performance; Power and Energy Consumption,

Review of Processing Steps; Behaviour of MOSFET in Digital ICs

Unit II The CMOS Inverter

Interconnect Parameter and Models; Properties, Static and Dynamic Behaviour of the CMOS

Inverter; Power and Energy Considerations

Unit III Combinational Logic Circuits

Static CMOS Design; Complimentary CMOS; Ratioed and PTL; Dynamic CMOS Design

Unit IV Sequential Logic Design and RC Parasitics

Static Sequential Circuits; Dynamic Sequential Circuit; Capacitive/Resistive Parasitics and

Performance

Books:

1. J.M. Rabacy & others, Digital Integrated Circuits – A design perspective, Second edition,

Pearson-Prentice Hall, 2002.

2. D.A. Hodges et al, Analysis and Design of Digital Integrated Circuits, 3rd

edition, Tata

McGraw Hill, 2005.

3. Sung-Mo-Kang and Yusuf Lablebici, CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits, 3rd

edition, Tata

McGraw Hill, 2003.

EL- 414 SWITCHED CAPACITOR NETWORKS Credits: 4

Unit I Basic Signal Processing Operations

Introduction; Notations; Switched Capacitor Equivalent Resistors; Parallel, Series, Series-

Parallel and Bilinear; SC Equivalent RC Networks; Use of Operational Amplifiers in SC

Networks

Unit II SC Integrators and First Order Sections

Lossless Discrete Integrator (LDI) Type I and II; Direct Transform Discrete Integrator (DDI)

Type I and II; First Order Circuits: High Pass, Low Pass and Differentiator Circuits

Unit III Introduction to Switched Capacitor Filter Design

Introduction; General Principles of LC Ladder Synthesis; SC Low Pass Ladder Structures;

State Variable; Chebyshev and Elliptic Type SC Band Pass Ladder

Unit IV Application of Switched Capacitor Circuits

Analog Signal Processing; Voltage Comparators; NMOS Schmitt Trigger, Modulator;

Demodulator; F.M. Detector and Operational Multipliers; Phase Shifters and Equalizers;

Phase-Lock-Loop

Books:

1. P.E. Allen & E.S. Senencio, Switched Capacitor Circuits, Van Nostrand Reinhold

Company, 1984.

2. V. Valkenburg, Analog Filter Design, Holt & Sounder’s, 1982.

EL-415 DIGITAL SYSTEM DESIGN Credits: 4

Unit I Verilog HDL

VLSI Design Problem, IC Design Hierarchy, Introduction to Verilog, Structural, Behavioral

and Dataflow Modelling, Simulation Based Verification, Concept of Assertion Based

Verification and Formal Verification, Concept of Synthesis, FSM Coding

Unit II Design of RTL Systems

RTL Systems: Organization, Specification and Implementation, Analysis of RTL Systems

and Design Examples, Implementation Technologies: Standard Cell ASIC, EPLDs and

FPGAs

Unit III Data and Control Subsystem

Data Subsystem Modules: Storage, Function and Datapath; Control Subsystem; Micro-

Programmed Controller; Structure, Format and Design.

Unit IV Implementation of a Microcomputer

Architecture and Implementation of a Simple Microcomputer System; Operation of the

System, Processor Implementation in Verilog

Books:

1. Milos Ercegovac et.al, Introduction to Digital System, John Wiley & Sons, 2000.

2. M.D. Ciletti, Advanced Digital Design with the Verilog HDL, Prentice Hall of India, 2008.

EL-416 CURRENT MODE ANALOG SIGNAL PROCESSING Credits: 4

Unit I Introduction

Current-mode: Definitions and Comparison with Voltage-mode, Basic Bipolar and MOS

Translinear Loops

Unit II Current-mode Active Elements

Current Conveyors: Generations and Variations, Translinear Conveyors, Implementations in

CMOS and Bipolar, Current Feedback Opamps, Comparison of Various Current-mode

Active Elements

Unit III Current Conveyor Based Circuits

Current-mode Amplifiers, Instrumentation Amplifier, Integrators, Other STC Circuits,

Second Order Filters, Universal Filters, Oscillators, Precision Rectifiers

Unit IV Miscellaneous Topics

Multipliers and Dividers, Current Controlled Current Conveyor Applications, Dynamic

Current Mirrors, Current Memories, Current Copier Circuits, Current-mode A/D and D/A

Converters

Books: 1. C. Toumazou, F.J. Lidgey, and D.G. Haigh, Analogue IC Design: The Current Mode

Approach, IEE Press, 1998.

2. P.V. Anand Mohan, Current-mode VLSI Analog Filters: Design and Applications, Springer,

2004.

EL-417 VLSI ARCHITECTURE FOR DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

Credits: 4

Unit I Architectural Transformations

Iteration Bound, Retiming, Pipelining, Parallel Processing, Block Processing, Folding,

Systolic Array Structure and Design Methodology, VLSI Performance Measures (Area,

Power and Speed)

Unit II DSP Building Blocks

Arithmetic Unit Architectures (Address, Multipliers, Dividers); Bit-parallel; Bit serial; Digit

Serial; Carry Save Architectures, Distributed Arithmetic Architectures

Unit III Architectures of basic DSP Algorithms

FIR Filters, IIR Filters and FFT Processors

Unit IV Architectures of Programmable DSP Processors

Generic DSP Processor Architecture, Architectures of DSP Processors from Texas

Instruments (TMS) and Analog Devices (ADSP)

Books: 1. K.K. Parhi, VLSI Digital Signal Processing Systems: Design and Implementation, John

Wiley & Sons, 1999.

2. P. Pirsch, Architectures for Digital Signal Processing, John Wiley & Sons, 1998.

EL- 421N ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTATION Credits: 4

Unit I Digital Display Devices & Systems

LED, LCD, CRT Elements; Nixie Tube; Flat Panel Display Systems; Multi-Digit Display

Systems Based upon Different Formats

Unit II Modern Transduction Techniques

Principle of Operation of Semi-Conductor Transducers, Fibre-Optic and Capacitive

Transducers and Their Interfacing

Unit III Digital Techniques for the Measurement of Electrical and Non electrical

Quantities

Different Types of Digital Voltmeters; Digital Transducers for the Measurement of

Temperature, Displacement, Speed and Flow

Unit IV Microprocessor and Personal Computer Based Instrumentation

General Applications of Microprocessors in Instrumentation; Microprocessor Based Data

Acquisition System; Thermo-Couple Reference Junction Compensation; Personal Computer

Based Weighing Machine; Temperature Controller

Unit V Special Purpose Instruments

Different Types of Spectrum Analysers; Storage Oscilloscope; Sampling Oscilloscopes and

Curve Tracers

Books:

1. W.D. Cooper and A.O. Helfrick, Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques,

Prentice Hall, 1990.

2. E.O. Doebelin, Measurement Systems: Application and Design, McGraw Hill, N.Y., 1990.

3. Daniel H. Sheingold, Transducer Interfacing Handbook, Analog Devices, Inc., Narwood,

Massachusetts, USA.

EL-422 BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION Credits: 4

Unit I Basic Concepts of Medical Instrumentation

Basic Sensors Used in Bioinstrumentation, Sources of Bioelectric Potentials – Resting and

Action Potentials, Bioelectric Potentials. Electrodes for Measurement of Bio-potentials

Unit II Cardiovascular Systems

The Heart Blood Pressure, Characteristics of Blood Flow, Heart Sounds,

Electrocardiography, Measurement of Blood Pressure, Measurement of Blood Flow and

Cardiac Output, Plethysmography, Measurement of Heart Sounds

Unit III Chemical Biosensors

Blood Gas and Acid Base Physiology, Electrochemical Sensors, Chemical Fibro-sensors,

Ion-selective Field Effect Transistors (ISFET), Immunologically Sensitive FET, Non

Invasive Blood Gas Monitoring, Blood Glucose Sensors

Unit IV Electrical Safety

Physiological Effects of Electricity; Macro-shock Hazards, Micro-shock Hazards, Electrical

Safety Codes and Standards, Basic Approaches to Protection Against Shock; Electrical Safety

Analyses, Tests for Electrical Systems and Appliances

Books

1. Leslie Cromwell, Fred J. Weibell & Enrich A. Pfeiffer, Biomedical Instrumentation and

Measurements, 2nd

edition, PHI.

2. John G. Webster, Medical Instrumentation, Applications & Design, 3rd

edition, Wiley &

Sons.

EL-424 INDUSTRIAL INSTRUMENTATION Credits: 4

Unit I Introduction

Introduction to Instrumentation System, static and Dynamic Characteristics of Instrument,

Dynamic Analysis of Measurement System, Mathematical Model of Measurement Systems,

Familiarization and Use of Virtual Instrument Software

Unit II Digital Measurements and Transducer:

Digital Voltmeters, Digital Storage Oscilloscope (DSO), Classification of Encoders,

Construction of Encoders- Contacting or Brush Type, Optical Displacement Transducers,

Shaft Encoders, Measurement of Temperature

Unit III Non Destructive Testing Methods and Applications

Radiography-X and Gamma, Magnetic Particle Inspection, Dye Penetration Inspection,

Ultrasonic Flaw Detection

Unit IV Fiber Optic Sensors

Classification of Fiber Optic Sensor, Intensity Modulated Sensor, Phase Modulated Sensors,

Distributed Fiber Optic Sensors, Industrial Application of Fiber Optic Sensors

Books:

1. E. O. Doeblin, Measurement Systems Application and Design, McGraw Hill, N.Y

2. Nakra Chaudhry, Instrumentation Measurement And Analysis, Tata McGRAW Hill

3. David A. Bell, David A. Bell, Electronic Instrumentation and Measurements

4. R. P. Khare, Fiberoptics and optoelectronics, Oxford, 2010.

EL-432N ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE & NEURAL NETWORKS

Credits: 4

Unit I Introduction to AI and Search Techniques

Foundations of AI, Rational Agents; Problem Solving Agents: Search Strategies – Breadth-

first Search, Depth-first Search, Depth-limited Search, Iterative Deepening Depth-first

Search, Bi-directional Search, Greedy Best-first Search, A* search, Hill Climbing, Simulated

Annealing; Alpha-Beta Pruning, Minimax Algorithm

Unit II Knowledge and Reasoning

Prepositional Logic; First Order Predicate Logic (FOPL); Inference Rules; Resolution, Rule

Based Systems - Forward Reasoning, Conflict Resolution, Backward Reasoning; Logic

Programming, Introduction to a Logic Programming Language (Prolog)

Unit III Fundamentals of ANN

Biological Neuron; Introduction to ANN; Artificial Neuron, Activation Functions. Single

Layer Perceptron, Limitation of Single Layer Network, Linearly Separable Problems. Multi

Layer Perceptrons, Learning and Backpropagation; Radial Basis Function Networks;

Feedback Neural networks

Unit IV ANN Applications

Applications of ANNs in Bioinformatics, Forecasting, Healthcare, Intrusion Detection,

Communication, Robotics, Image Processing and Compression, Control, Pattern Recognition,

Optimization

Books:

1. Stuart J. Russell & Pete Norvig, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, 3rd ed., PHI,

2009.

2. Elaine Rich and Kevin Knight, Artificial Intelligence, TMH, 2005.

3. Jacek. M. Zurada, Introduction to Artificial Neural Systems, JPH, 1994.

4. Sivanandam, S. N Deepa , Introduction to Neural Networks Using MATLAB 6.0, Tata

McGraw-Hill Education, 2006.

EL-433 MICROPROCESSOR BASED SYSTEM DESIGN Credits: 4

Unit I Architecture of 16/32 bit Microprocessors

Architecture of 16 and 32 Bit Microprocessors Such as Intel 8086/186/286/386/486/Pentium

Processors; Motorola’s 68000/68010/68020 etc.; Comparative Studies of the Architecture,

Instruction Types; Addressing Modes and Programming; Interrupt Structure; Assembly

Language Programming of 1/32 Bit Microprocessors; Hardware and Software Interrupt

Management

Unit II Controllers

Controllers Such as Keyboard, Diskette and DMA; Serial Communication Controller;

Dynamic RAM and its Controller

Unit III Co-processors and Bus Standards

Multiprocessor Configurations; Numeric Processor; I/O Processors; I/O Standards, RS232C,

Centronics, SCSI, VME, Ethernet, LAN, etc

Books:

1. D.V. Hall, Microprocessor and Interfacing, TMH, 1993.

2. Rosch, Hardware Bible, PHI, 1994.

3. Liu-Gibson, Microprocessor System – The 8086/8088 family, PHI, 2nd

edition.

4. Michael A. Miller, The 6800 Microprocessor – Architecture, Programming & Application,

Universal Book Stall, 1989.

EL-441N TELECOMMUNICATION SWITCHING & NETWORKS

Credits: 4

Unit I Introduction

Circuit and Packet Switching; The Need of Networks; Telephone Networks: Subscriber Loop

System, Transmission Plan and Numbering Plan; Layered Communication Architecture;

Signaling Techniques

Unit II Queuing Theory

Little’s Theorem; Modelling and Analysis of M/M/-/-/- And M/G/1 Queue; Nonpreemptive

Priority Queuing System; Elements Of Traffic Engineering

Unit III Circuit Switching

Electronic Space Division Switching; Time Division Multiplexing; Digital Switching

Networks; Examples of Digital Switching Systems; Comparison of Circuit and Packet

Switching

Unit IV Data Networks

Physical and Data Link Layers; ARQ Strategies and Throughput Calculations; Media Access

Control Layer (MAC); MAC Protocols; Internetworking; ISDN; ATM Networks

Books:

1. T. Viswanathan, Telecommunication Switching System and Networks, PHI, 1992.

2. J. Bellamy, Digital Telephony, John Wiley & Sons, 1991.

3. M. Schwartz, Telecommunication Networks: Protocols, Modelling and Analysis, Addison

Wesley, 1988.

4. D. Bertsekas and R. Gallager, Data Networks, PHI, 1997.

EL-442 ADVANCED DIGITAL COMMUNICATION Credits: 4

Unit I Cyclic Codes and its Types

Cycling Codes and Their Properties; Efficient Encoder and Decoder Circuits for Cyclic

Codes; CRC Codes; Golay Codes; BCH Codes; Reed Solomon Codes

Unit II Convolutional Encoding and its Variants

Basics of Convolutional Encoding; Impulse Response and Generator Polynomial Methods;

Code Tree and Its Use; Sequential Decoding; Trellis and State diagram; Maximum

Likelihood Decoding of Convolutional Codes; Viterbi Algorithm; Soft Decision and Hard

Decision Decoding

Unit III Practical Systems using Modern Error Control Coding and Modulation

Coding for AWGN Channels; Coding for Compound Error Channels; Interleaving and

Concatenated Coding; Trellis Coded Modulation and Its Applications; Voiceband Modems;

OFDM; DSL, ADSL, XDSL

Unit IV Signalling over Distorted Channels

Linear Equalization; Decision Feedback Equalization; Reduced Complexity Maximum

Likelihood Detectors; Adaptive Linear Equalization; Adaptive DFE; Digital Communication

over Fading Multipath Channels; Multiuser Systems

Books:

1. John G. Proakis, Digital Communications, McGraw Hill, 2001.

2. S. Haykin, Digital Communications, Prentice Hall.

3. Peterson, Digital Communications, Pearson, 2001.

EL-443 COMMUNICATION HARDWARE DESIGN Credits-04

Unit I Network Noise and Intermodulation Distortion

Review of Noise in Electronic Networks; Network Noise Representation; Network Noise

Factor; Low Noise Design; Low Noise Amplifier; Optimization of BJT Bias Current;

Intermodulation Distortion; Gain Compression; Intermodulation Distortion Ratio; Dynamic

Range

Unit II Design of High Frequency Amplifier and Oscillators

Broad Banding Techniques - Input Compensation, Feedback, Lossless Feed-back Amplifiers,

Neutralization, Cascode Amplifiers; Theory of Automatic Gain Control; AGC System

Components; Design Examples; High Frequency Oscillator Circuits; Amplitude and Phase

Stability; Parallel Mode and Series Mode Crystal Oscillators; Voltage Control Oscillators;

Design Examples

Unit III Phase Lock Loop and Their Applications

Introduction; Linear Model of the Phase Locked Loop, Phase Detectors, VCOs and Loop

Filters Design Examples and Applications; Tracking Filters; Angle Modulation: Frequency

Demodulation, Amplitude Demodulation; Phase Shifters; Signal Synchronizers; Costas Loop;

Digital Phase Lock Loop

Unit IV Frequency Synthesizers

Introduction; Direct Frequency Synthesis; Frequency Synthesis by Phase Lock; Effect of

Reference Frequency on Loop Performance; Variable Modules Dividers; Methods for

Reducing Switching Time; Direct Digital Synthesis; Synthesizer Design Examples; Output

Noise Considerations

Unit V Mixers, High Efficiency Amplifiers

Frequency Mixers; Switching Type; Mixers and Their Performance; Square Law Mixers;

BJT and FET Mixers; Balanced Modulator ICs, Class C Power Amplifier Design; Frequency

Multiplication; Class D, E and S Amplifiers; Modulators and Amplifiers Using Vacuum

Tubes and Power Electronic Devices

Books:

1. J. Smith, Modern Communication Circuits, McGraw Hill Book, 1996.

2. D. Roddy & J. Coolan, Electronic Communication, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 1987.

3. Sidney Soclof, Applications of Analog ICs, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 1990.

EL-444 DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING II Credits-04

Unit I Multirate Digital Signal Processing

Review of Sampling Rate Conversion Operation; Polyphase Decomposition; Digital Filter

Design; Multistage Decimators and Interpolators; Digital Filter Banks; Applications of

Multirate Signal Processing; Matlab Exercises.

Unit II Adaptive Filters

Introduction to Adaptive Signal Processing; Applications of Adaptive Filters; Adaptive

Direct Form FIR Filters; Minimum Mean Square Error Criterion, Widrow LMS Algorithm

and its Properties; Recursive Least Squares Algorithm for Direct Form FIR Filters and its

Properties; Adaptive Lattue-Ladder Filters; Matlab Exercises.

Unit III Power Spectrum Estimation

Introduction; Energy Density Spectrum; Estimation of Auto-correlation and Power Spectrum

of Random Signals; DFT in Spectral Estimation; Power Spectrum Estimation: Non-

Parametric and Parametric Methods, Pisrenko and Prony’s Method; Matlab Exercises.

Unit IV Two Dimensional Digital Signal Processing

Books:

1. J.G. Proakis et al, Advanced Digital Signal Processing, Macmillan International Edition”,

1992.

2. L.R. Rabiner & B. Gold, Theory and Application of Digital Signal Processing, PHI, 1975.

3. S.K. Mitra, Digital Signal Processing, Tata McGraw Hill, 2002.

EL-445 AUDIO AND VIDEO SIGNAL PROCESSING Credits: 4

Unit I Basis of Speech Processing

Characteristics of Speech and Audio; Human Vocal Auditory System; Classification of

Speech Sounds; Speech Production Model; Linear Predictive Coding; Speech Recognition -

Basic Principles, Types and Applications

Unit II Modern Audio Coding

Sub-band Coding and Adaptive Sub-band Coding; Perceptual Audio Coding; MPEG Audio

and Other Audio Coding Standards and Their Applications

Unit III Basics of Image and Video

Image and Its Types; Image Representation, Filtering and Enhancement; Binary Image

Compression and FAX Coding; Vector Quantization and Transform Coding of Images; JPEG

and Other Standards

Unit IV Video Coding and Compression

Types of Scanning and Associated Video Systems; Basics of Video Coding and Sub-

sampling; Inter-frame and Intra-frame Video Compression; Motion Compensation; MPEG-1,

MPEG-2, MPEG-4, H-261 and H-263 Standards

Books:

1. Rabiner and Schafer, Digital Processing of Speech Signals, Prentice Hall.

2. R.C. Gonzalez and R.E. Woods, Digital Image Processing, Addison Wesley, 1993.

3. K.R. Rao & J.J. Hwang, Techniques and Standards for Image, Video & Audio Coding,

Prentice Hall, 1995.

EL-446 DATA COMMUNICATION Credits: 4

Unit I Introduction to Data Communication

Data Representation; Modes of Data Transmission; Directional Capabilities of Data

Exchange; Transmission Errors; Asynchronous Data Error Detection; Error Correction Using

Parity; Data Detection for Synchronous Transmission; Checksum Error Detection; Error

Testing Equipment

Unit II Local and Long Distance Data Communication

Significance for Data Networking; Components of a Low Speed Data Network; Universal

Asynchronous Receiver – Transmitter; Interfaces; Low Speed and Medium Speed Modems;

Optical and RF Modems; Data Multiplexers; Statistical Time Division Multiplexers

Unit III Local Area Network (LAN)

Need for LAN; LAN Topologies and Architecture; Wireless LAN; Distance Limitation and

LAN Design; Fiber-Optic Extensions

Unit IV Network Interconnections and Network Security

Interconnecting Issues; Bridges; Routers; Issues in Network Security; Data Encryption:

Concepts, Transposition, Substitution and Stream Ciphers; Data Encryption Standards; Public

Key Cryptography

Books:

1. M.A. Miller, Introduction to Digital and Data Communication, Jaico Pub. House, 1996.

2. P.C. Gupta, Data Communication, PHI, 1996.

3. G.E. Keiser, Local Area Networks, McGraw Hill Book Co., 1989.

4. D.E. Comer, Computer Networks and Internets, Pearson Education Asia Pt. Ltd., 2000.

EL-447 MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS Credits: 4

Unit I Introduction

Brief History; Basic definitions; New Media elements; Characteristics of Multimedia

Systems; Classification of Media; Multimedia System and Components; Evolution of

Enabling Technologies for Multimedia; Electronic pen; flat panel displays; Handwriting and

speech recognition; Multimedia Applications

Unit II Text and Image Coding & Transmission Standards

Basics of Text; Repetition Suppression; Statistical Encoding; Dictionary Modeling; LZ and

LZW Coding; Image Basics; Types of Image; Image Representation; Colour Models; Image

Processing; Compression of Binary Images and its standards; Compression of Gray Scale &

Colour Images; JPEG, JPEG2000

Unit III Audio & Video Coding & Transmission Standards

Basics of Audio; Audio Compression & its Standards; MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4

Audio; Basics of Video; Brief overview of Analog TV; Digital Video; High Data Rate &

Low Data Rate Digital Video Formats; Principles of Video Compression; Types of frames in

a compressed video sequence; MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 & other Video

Communication Standards

Unit IV Networked Multimedia

Timing Relationships in Networked Multimedia; Video Conferencing & Video on Demand &

their Standards; Standards for Interactive Applications over Internet. Entertainment

Networks; World Wide Web

Books:

1. Fred Halsall, Multimedia Communications, Pearson Education (Low Priced ed.), 2002.

2. Ranjan Parekh, Principles of Multimedia Systems, Tata McGraw Hill, 2006.

3. Nalin K. Sharda, Multimedia Information Networking, Pearson Education, 1999.

EL-451 TV AND RADAR ENGINEERING Credits: 4

Unit I Monochrome T.V. System

Elements of T.V. System: Analysis and Synthesis of T.V. Pictures; Scanning and

Synchronizing; Composite Video Signals; T.V. Standards; T.V. Cameras; T.V. Picture

Tubes; T.V. Receivers

Unit II Color Television

Essentials of Color TV: Compatibility; Color TV Cameras; Color TV Display Tube; Various

Color Picture Tubes, NTSC, PAL and SECAM TV Color Systems and Their Comparisons;

Color TV Receivers; Fault Diagnosis and Servicing; CCTV; Digital TV; HDTV

Unit III Radar Basics

Principle and Historic Developments; Radar Frequencies; Radar Applications; Pulse Radar

Operation; Radar Range Equation; Parameters Influencing Radar Performance and Estimates;

Radar Losses; Radar Classification

Unit IV Radar Systems

CW, FMCW, MTI, PD; Search and Tracking Radars, Transmitters; Receivers; Displays and

Duplexers; Scanning

Books:

1. Gulathi, R.R., Monochrome & Color Television, New Age Publications Ltd., 1985.

2. Grob Bemard, Basic Television & Video Systems, 5th ed., McGraw Hill, 1998.

3. Skolnik, M.I., Introduction to Radar Systems, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd., New

Delhi, 2001.

4. Hoveinsen, S.A., Radar System Design and Analysis, Artech House, USA, 1984.

EL-454 SATELLITE COMMUNICATION Credits: 4

Unit I Microwave Communication

Introduction to Microwave Line of Site Communication, Path Clearance; Effect of Earth and

Atmosphere; Super Refraction; Obstacles; Fading; Interference; Link Budget Design for LOS

Communication, Fresnel Zone

Unit II Satellite Systems

Different Types of Satellites, Advantages, Limitations and Applications; Orbits Inclination of

Satellite; Orbit Control of Satellites – Station Keeping and Satellite Attitude; Satellite Sub-

systems and Their Functions; Degradation of Satellite Signals, Causes and Remedial

Measures; Satellite Signal Processing Models

Unit III Satellite Channels and Multiple Access Format

Satellite-link Analysis, Up-link and Down-link; Satellite Cross Links: Multiple Access

Formats – TDMA, FDMA, CDMA and SSMA

Unit IV Satellite Networks

MSAT Network Concept; CDMA MSAT Network; Direct Home TV Broadcasting; Satellite

Ranging System; VSAT Technology; Indian Satellite System

Books:

1. Gagliardi R.M., Satellite Communication, CBS Publications & Distributors, Delhi, 1977.

2. Pratt Timothy and Bostian Charles W., Satellite Communication, 2nd

edition, John Wiley &

Sons (Asia) Pvt. Ltd., Singapore, 2003.

3. Tri T.H., Digital Satellite Communication, 2nd

edition, McGraw Hill Publishing Co., New

Delhi, 1990.

4. Jakes, W.C., Microwave Mobile Communication, John Wiley, 1974.

EL- 455 COMMUNICATION LINKS Credits: 4

Unit I Broad Band Systems

Introduction to Broad Band Systems; Types and Radio Environment for Broad Band

Systems; Diversity Techniques and Combining Methods; Cables – Types and Characteristics

Unit II Basics of Satellite Communication

Introduction; Types; Advantages and Applications; Launching and Deployment; Orbits and

Inclination of Satellites Orbit Control; Advantages and Limitations of Geo-Synchronous

Satellites; Satellite Frequencies

Unit III Satellite Systems

Satellite Signals; Causes of Degradation and Remedial Measures; Link Calculations; Satellite

Sub-Systems; Earth Stations; Signal Processing and Multiple Access Techniques; Indian

Satellites

Unit IV LOS Links

Introduction; Wave Propagation and Signal Strength; Path Clearance; Effect of Earth and

Atmosphere; Super Refraction; Obstacles; Fading; Interference; Site and Route Selection;

Equipment for LOS Link Terminals and Repeaters

Unit V Tropo-Scatter Links

Tropo-Scattering Propagation Theories; Fading and Diversity Reception; Path Loss

Calculations and Other Losses; Equipment Configuration; Comparison with LOS System;

System Design Considerations

Books:

1. Jakes, W.C., Microwave Mobile Communications, John Wiley, 1974.

2. George Kennedy, Electronic Communication Systems, 3rd

ed. McGraw Hill, New Delhi,

1996.

3. Gagliardi, R.M., Satellite Communication, CBS Publications & Distributors, Delhi, 1977.

4. Kumar. A., Microwave Communication, Notes of Short Term Course held at IISc Bangalore

in November 1982.

EL-456 FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATION Credits: 4

Unit I Optical Fibers

Review of Optical Fibers; Ray Model; Numerical Aperture of Step Index and Graded Index

Fibers; Power Coupling; Normalized Frequency; V Number and Modes in Multi Mode

Fibers, Propagation Constant & Its Effective Value; Mode Groups; Normalized Propagation

Constant, Inter-modal & Intra-modal Dispersion, Single Mode Fibers; Dispersion Shifted and

Dispersion Flattened Fibers; Introduction to Polarization Maintaining Fibers

Unit II Intensity Modulation/Direct Detection Techniques

Attenuation Management and Fiber-optic Amplifiers; Dispersion Management and

Techniques; System Design Consideration; Digital Systems: Receivers, Probability of error,

Power Budgeting; Analog Systems: Direct Intensity Modulation, Sub-carrier Intensity

Modulation, Sub-carrier Frequency Modulation; Noise Performance

Unit III Coherent Optical Communication Systems

Basic System; Detection Principles; Practical Constraints; Modulation and Demodulation

Schemes; Receiver Sensitivities-Probability of Error Calculations; Performance Comparison

Unit IV Optical Networking

Fiber Optic Link Design; Distribution Systems; Multiplexing/ Demultiplexing Components

and Techniques; Time Division Multiplexing; SONET/SDH; Optical Add/Drop

Multiplexing; Wave Division Multiplexing; WDMA – Single Hop and Multiple Hop

Networks

Books:

1. G. Keiser, Optical Fiber Communication, Tata McGraw Hill, 2013.

2. J. M. Senior, Optical Fiber Communications, Pearson Education, 2010.

3. G. P. Agrawal, Fiber Optic Communication Systems, John Wiley & Sons, 2002.

4. M.M.K. Liu, Principles and Applications of Optical Communication, Tata McGraw Hill,

1998.

EL-457 MOBILE COMMUNICATION Credits: 4

Unit I Cellular System Fundamentals

Overview of Wireless Communication; Frequency Reuse and Cellular Concept; Co-Channel

and Adjacent Channel Interferences; Cell Sectoring and Cell Splitting; Handoff Strategies;

Channel Assignment Techniques

Unit II Propagation Modeling

Propagation Path Loss; Shadowing; Path Loss Models; Multipath Fading; Narrowband

Fading Models: Correlation and Power Spectral Density, Envelope and Power Distribution,

Level Crossing Rate (LCR) and Average Fade Duration (AFD); Wideband Channel Models:

Power Delay Profile, Coherence Bandwidth, Doppler Power Spectrum and Channel

Coherence Time

Unit III Modulation and Multiple Access Techniques

Performance of Digital Modulation over Wireless Channel; Diversity Techniques;

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM); Multiple Access Techniques:

Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA),

Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Hybrid Techniques, OFDMA

Unit IV Mobile Systems and Standards

Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM); CDMA Cellular System (IS-95);

Evolution of Second-Generation (2G) Systems; Third-Generation (3G) Systems; Beyond 3G

Systems

Unit V Wireless Networks

Wireless Local Loop; Mobile IP; Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) Technology; IEEE

802.11 WLAN Standards; Ad Hoc Networking and Wireless Personal Area Networks

Books:

1. A. S. Goldsmith, Wireless Communications, Cambridge University Press, 2005.

2. T. S. Rappaport, Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice, Pearson Education

India, 2002.

3. J. Schiller, Mobile Communications, Pearson Education India, 2nd

Edition, 2008.

4. A.F. Molisch, Wireless Communications, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2nd

Edition, 2011.

5. J.W. Mark and W. Zhuang, Wireless Communications and Networking, Prentice-Hall India,

2005.

6. G. L. Stuber, Principles of Mobile Communication, Springer, 3rd

Edition, 2011.