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Elements• An element is a pure substance (only 1 type of
particle) that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means.
• http://www.privatehand.com/flash/elements.html
Compounds• A compound is a pure substance composed of 2
or more elements that are chemically combined.
Examples of Compounds
Sodium (Na)+
Chlorine (Cl)NaCl
Hydrogen (H) + Oxygen (O)H2O
Carbon (C) + Oxygen (O)CO2
•Compounds contain elements•The elements combine + lose their original properties•Compounds CAN be separated by chemical means• The elements combine in specific ratios
Examples of Mixtures
chicken noodle soup
pizza – yes, that would be Yoda…salad
Properties of Mixtures:•Each substance in a mixture keeps its identity•You can physically separate them
•They also contain elements, compounds, or both
•And they can be formed using any ratio of components
Mixtures may be homogeneous orheterogeneous
• The prefix “homo” indicates the same• Homogeneous mixtures have the same
appearance and properties throughout the mixture
• The prefix “hetero” indicates difference• Heterogeneous mixtures consist of visibly
different substances
Solutions• A solution is a mixture that appears to be a
single substance, but it is actually composed of 2 or more substances that are distributed evenly amongst each other.– SOLUTIONS ARE HOMOGENEOUS
carbon dioxide is dissolved in water
sugar & Kool-Aid powder are dissolved in water
salt is dissolved in water
Suspensions• A suspension is a mixture in which particles of a
material are dispersed throughout a liquid or gas, but are large enough that they settle out.– SUSPENSIONS ARE HETEROGENEOUS
That water is disgusting!
Italian dressingmuddy water
Colloids• A colloid is a mixture in which the particles are
dispersed throughout but are not heavy enough to settle out.– COLLOIDS ARE HOMOGENEOUS
milkmayonnaise
Colloids have properties of both solutions & suspensions.
Comparing Elements, Compounds & Mixtures
Elements Compounds Mixtures
What are they made up of?
Can they be broken down? If yes, how?
Do they keep or lose their original
properties?
Draw what the particles look like.