48
Elements of Art and Principles of Design
ElementsofArtand
PrinciplesofDesign
ElementsofArt
Thebuildingblocksoringredientsofart.Theystructureandcarrythework.
ElementsofArt
LineColorValueShape
FormSpaceTexture
LINE
Amarkwithlengthanddirection.Acontinuousmarkmadeonasurfacebyamovingpoint.
Pablo Picasso
LINE
Maybevertical,horizontalordiagonal,curved,straight,zigzag,orshowemotion.
LINE
Contourlines- outlinetheedgesofformsorshapes
Gesturallines-indicateactionandphysicalmovement
LINE
Consists of Hue (another word for color), Value (lightness or darkness) and Intensity (brightness).
Henri Matisse Alexander Calder
COLOR
Colorhasthreeproperties:
1.HUE:thisisthenameofthecolors
2.VALUE:referstothelightnessordarknessofahue.
3.INTENSITY:referstothepurityofthehue(called“chroma”)
COLOR
NeutralColorsThesecolorsaremadebyaddingacomplimentarycolor(oppositeonthecolorwheel)toahue.Neutralizedhuesarecalledtones.
Tints– addingthecolorwhitetolightenahue
Shades– addingblacktodarkenahue
Shades- adding the color black.
TintsandShades
WarmandCoolColorsWarm– red,orange,yellow
Cool– green,blue,violet
The lightness or darkness of a color.
MC Escher Pablo Picasso
VALUE
HighRangeinValue LowRangeinValue
VALUE
Anenclosedareadefinedanddeterminedbyotherartelements;2-dimensional.
Joan Miro
SHAPE
SHAPEShapescanbegeometricororganic.
GEOMETRIC:square,triangle,rectangle,rhombus,circle,cone
ORGANIC:freeformshapes,shapesinnature;forexample:leaves,trees,animals
Organicvs.GeometricSHAPE
A3-dimensionalobject;orsomethingina2-dimensionalartworkthatappearstobe3-dimensional.
Jean ArpLucien Freud
Showsanobjectinspace,themassorpositivespaceitoccupies.
Forexample,atriangle,whichis2-dimensional,isashape,butapyramid,whichis3-dimensional,isaform.
Formcanbe2DFormcanbe3D
Thedistanceorareabetween,around,above,below,orwithinthings.
Foreground,Middleground andBackground(createsDEPTH)
SPACE
Positive(filledwithsomething)andNegative(emptyareas)
SPACE
Thesurfacequalityor"feel"ofanobject,itssmoothness,roughness,softness,etc.
TEXTURE
TEXTURE
Texturesmaybeactualorimplied.
Actual– texturethatyoucanfeelwithyoursenseoftouch
Implied– texturethathasbeensimulatedindrawingand
paintingonasmoothsurface
TEXTURE
You should now have7 Elements of Art Cards to save in your Art Card Envelope!
PrinciplesofDesign
WhatweusetoorganizetheElementsofArt,orthetoolstomakeart.
Theyareconceptsthataffectcontentandmessage.
PrinciplesofDesign
BalanceEmphasisContrastMovement&Rhythm
UnityVarietyProportion
Thewaytheelementsarearrangedtocreateafeelingof
stabilityinawork.Alexander Calder
BALANCE
SymmetricalBalance
Thepartsofanimageareorganizedsothatonesidemirrorstheother.Leonardo DaVinci
AsymmetricalBalance
Whenonesideofacompositiondoesnotreflectthedesignoftheother.
James Whistler
Thefocalpointofanimage,orwhenoneareaorthingstandoutthemost.
Jim Dine Gustav Klimt
EMPHASIS
EMPHASIS
Thepartthatcatchesyourattentionfirst.
Canbecreatedthroughtheuseofmanydifferentelementsandprincipleslike…
CONTRAST
PROPORTION
COLOR
EMPHASIS
Alargedifferencebetweentwothingstocreateinterestandtension.
Ansel Adams
Salvador Dali
Contrast
…withcolor…withproportion/scale
Contrast
RHYTHMRHYTHMRHYTHMRHYTHMRHYTHMRHYTHMandMOVEMENT
Aregularrepetitionofelementstoproducethelookandfeelofmovement.
Marcel Duchamp
MOVEMENT
Themotioncreatedinaworkofart.Oftenusestheprincipleofrhythmtoachievethis.
RHYTHM
Therepetitionoflines,shapes,orcolorstocreateafeelingofmovement.
Vincent VanGogh
When all the elements and
principles work together to create a pleasing image.
The feeling of wholeness or the parts belonging
together.Johannes Vermeer
UNITY
Theuseofdifferencesandchangetoincreasethevisualinterestofthework.
Marc Chagall
VARIETY
VARIETY
Theuseofdifferentlines,shapes,andcolorsinapieceofwork.
Thecomparativerelationshipofoneparttoanotherwithrespecttosize,quantity,ordegree;SCALE.
Gustave Caillebotte
PROPORTION
PROPORTION
Youshouldnowhave7PrinciplesofDesignCardstosaveinyourArtCardEnvelope!
Pleasehandinyour14E&PArtCardswiththerubricwhenthey’redone!Writeyournameonthem!!!
Whenreturnedtoyou,keepallofyour
ArtCardsinyour
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mid-termandfinalexams.
*Youshouldhave22cards.*
