12
ELEMENTS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Elements of Electrical Engineering
Fifth Edition
M. MARIA LOUISFormerly, Professor and Head
Electrical Engineering Department NIT, Tiruchirapalli
Principal, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai Director, Karunya Institute of Technology, Coimbatore
Delhi 1100922014
ELEMENTS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, Fifth EditionM. Maria Louis
© 2014 by PHI Learning Private Limited, Delhi. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by mimeograph or any other means, without permission in writing from the publisher.
ISBN-978-81-203-4852-3
The export rights of this book are vested solely with the publisher.
Published by Asoke K. Ghosh, PHI Learning Private Limited, Rimjhim House, 111, Patparganj Industrial Estate, Delhi-110092 and Printed by Mohan Makhijani at Rekha Printers Private Limited, New Delhi-110020.
v
Preface xix
1. Electricity: Basic Concepts 1–121.1 Electricity 11.2 The Electron Theory 11.3 Electric Charge 21.4 Potential and Potential Difference 21.5 Electromotive Force 31.6 Electron Drift 41.7 Electric Current 41.8 Direction of Current 51.9 Direct Current and Alternating Currents 61.10 Work and Power 71.11 Energy 81.12 Conservation of Energy 8Problems 10Multiple Choice Questions 11
2. Conductors, Resistors, and Insulators 13–362.1 Electrical Resistance 132.2 Conductors, Insulators and Semiconductors 132.3 Conductors 142.4 Conductance 162.5 Conductivity 162.6 Table of Resistivities 162.7 Conductor and Resistance Materials 172.8 Superconductors 182.9 Classificationof InsulatingMaterials 182.10 Dielectric Strength of Insulating Materials 192.11 Insulation Resistance 192.12 Power Loss in a Resistance 222.13 Rating of Resistors 222.14 TemperatureCoefficient ofResistance 23
Contents
vi Contents
2.15 Variation of Resistance with Temperature 262.16 Resistance Thermometry 262.17 MaterialswithNegativeTemperatureCoefficients 272.18 Nonlinear Resistors 282.19 Use of Resistances in Circuits 282.20 MaterialswithZeroTemperatureCoefficients 28Additional Solved Examples 28Problems 31Multiple Choice Questions 33
3. Direct Current Circuits 37–963.1 Current Flow in a Circuit 373.2 Circuit Elements 373.3 Ohm’s Law 393.4 Resistances in Series 403.5 Resistances in Parallel 413.6 Series-Parallel Circuits 443.7 Kirchhoff’s Law 453.8 First (or Nodal) Law 453.9 Second (or Loop) Law 463.10 Application of Kirchhoff’s Laws 473.11 Number of Independent Equations Possible using Kirchhoff’s Laws 483.12 Other Useful Circuit Theorems 563.13 Superposition Theorem 563.14 Thevenin’s Theorem 593.15 Norton’s Theorem 623.16 Reciprocity Theorem 663.17 Compensation Theorem 663.18 Delta-Star Transformation 673.19 Star-Delta Transformation 693.20 Maximum Power Transfer Theorem 733.21 Active Elements 743.22 Dependent Sources 77Additional Solved Examples 81Problems 89Multiple Choice Questions 94
4. SI Units and Power: Energy Calculations 97–1124.1 Units of Measurements 974.2 Dimensions 974.3 SI Units 984.4 Power, Work and Energy 994.5 Conservation of Energy 1004.6 Conversion of Units 100
Contents vii
Additional Solved Examples 104Problems 109Multiple Choice Questions 111
5. Magnetic Effects of Electric Currents 113–1245.1 Introduction 1135.2 Permanent Magnets 1135.3 Electromagnets 1135.4 Magnetic Materials 1145.5 Magnetic Field 1145.6 Lines of Force, Lines of Magnetization and Lines of Induction 1155.7 To Plot the Magnetic Field 1155.8 Magnetic Flux 1155.9 Magnetic Flux Density 1165.10 Earth’s Magnetic Field 1165.11 Magnetic Shielding 1165.12 Theory of Magnetism 1175.13 Magnetic Field around a Current Carrying Conductor 1195.14 Magnetic Field Due to Two Parallel Conductors 1205.15 Magnetic Field around a Coil of Wire 1205.16 Magneto Motive Force (MMF) 1225.17 Magnetic Field Intensity 1225.18 Laws of The Magnetic Field 1225.19 Applications of Magnets 122Multiple Choice Questions 123
6. Magnetic Circuits 125–1596.1 Comparison of Electric and Magnetic Circuits 1256.2 Quantities Involved in Magnetic Circuits 1266.3 Magnetic Circuit 1286.4 Reluctance 1296.5 Permeance 1296.6 Reluctances in Series and Parallel 1316.7 Magnetic Leakage 1356.8 Fringing of Flux 1366.9 Magnetisation Curves 1396.10 Permeability Curves 1406.11 Magnetic Hysteresis 1416.12 Hysteresis Loss 1436.13 Steinmetz’s Equation 1446.14 Eddy Current Loss 1456.15 Energy Stored in a Magnetic Field 1466.16 Lifting Power of an Electromagnet 1476.17 Ferro-Magnetic Materials 148
viii Contents
Additional Solved Examples 149Problems 153Multiple Choice Questions 156
7. Electromagnetic Induction 160–1987.1 Introduction 1607.2 Faraday’s Experiments 1607.3 Faraday’s Laws of Electromagnetic Induction 1617.4 Lenz’s Law 1627.5 Dynamically Induced Emf 1627.6 Direction of Voltage Induced 1637.7 Force on a Current Carrying Conductor Kept in a Magnetic Field 1667.8 The Left Hand Rule 1707.9 Statically Induced Emf 1717.10 Coefficient ofCoupling inTermsof theMutual andSelf Inductances 1767.11 Energy Stored in a Magnetic Field in terms of the Self Inductance 1787.12 Inductance of Two Coils Connected in Series 1797.13 Dot Convention 1807.14 Current Transients in Inductive Circuits 1817.15 Types of Inductors 1847.16 Practical Applications of Mutual Inductance 185Additional Solved Examples 186Problems 191Multiple Choice Questions 195
8. Electrostatics 199–2438.1 Electrificationof aBody 1998.2 Coulomb’s Law 1998.3 DistributionofChargeon aConductingBody 2008.4 Electric Flux 2018.5 Charging and Discharging Currents in a Capacitor 2028.6 Hydraulic Analogy 2038.7 Electric Flux Density 2038.8 Capacitance 2048.9 Energy Stored in a Capacitor 2058.10 Electric Field Intensity 2088.11 Gauss Theorem 2088.12 Permittivity 2108.13 Relative Permittivity 2108.14 Relations between Permittivity, Electric Field Intensity and Flux Density 2118.15 Comparison of Electric, Magnetic and Dielectric Circuits 2128.16 Properties of Dielectric Materials 2138.17 Dielectric Energy 2158.18 Force of Attraction between Oppositely Charged Surfaces 215
Contents ix
8.19 Dielectric Calculations 2178.20 Expressions for Capacitance 2188.21 Charging of Capacitors 2258.22 Discharging of Capacitors 2278.23 Types of Capacitors 2298.24 Uses of Static Electricity 2308.25 Electrostatic Shielding 2308.26 Charged Particles in Magnetic Fields 2318.27 Comparison of Electric and Magnetic Fields 231Additional Solved Examples 232Problems 239Multiple Choice Questions 242
9. The DC Generator: Construction and Operating Principles 244–2699.1 Generator and Motor Operation 2449.2 BasicRequirements in aDCGenerator 2449.3 DC Machine Parts 2459.4 Emf Induced in a Coil Rotating in a Uniform Magnetic Field 2499.5 To Obtain Unidirectional or Direct Current 2519.6 Gramme or Ring Winding 2549.7 Drum Winding 2559.8 Types of Drum Windings 2569.9 Lap Winding 2579.10 Equalizer Connections 2609.11 Wave Winding 2609.12 Dummy Coils 2629.13 FixingBrushPositions 2629.14 Choice of Winding 2639.15 Multiplex Windings 266Problems 266Multiple Choice Questions 267
10. DC Generator Characteristics 270–30110.1 Generator Induced Emf 27010.2 EMF Equation 27010.3 Variation of Emf with Speed, Flux Remaining Constant 27110.4 Magnetisation or Saturation Graph 27310.5 Armature Reaction in DC Generators 27410.6 Effect ofBrushLead 27610.7 Demagnetizing Armature Ampere-Turns 27610.8 Methods of Compensating Armature Reaction 27810.9 Methods of Exciting DC Generators 27810.10 Generator Characteristics 28010.11 Separately Excited Generator 280
continue
PRODUCT NOT FOUND!
Product not found!
School BooksOswaal BooksClass 9th BooksClass 10th BooksClass 11th BooksClass 12th Books
Engineering BooksRGPV Books & NotesVT U Books & NotesFree Engineering BooksInformation T echnology BooksElectrical Engineering Books
Competitive ExamsBank PO Exam
Login | Register 0
Search by Title / Author / ISBN / Description
Gate BooksT eaching Exams BooksAIEEE-NIT -JEE MAINS BooksUPSC Books
Professional CoursesICSI Books & Study MaterialsChartered Accountant BooksCompany Secretary BooksICSI 7 days T rialLatest Scanners
About KopyKitab.com
Kopykitab is India's 1st digital & multiple publishers platform. Kopykitab has largest collection of e-textbooks &branded digital content in Higher & School education. We have strong foundation of leading publishers &tutorials as content partners.
We offer e-textbook, Test Preparation, Notes & LMS for various curriculam to Students, Professionals &Institutes. These are same textbooks, way smarter. Our goal is to make education affordable & accessible.A user can access the content in all electronic devices e.g. Mobile, PC & Tabs
Informat ion
About Us
FAQ
Privacy Policy
T erms & Conditions
Payment Information
Links
ICSI eLibrary
KopyKitab eBook Reader
Contact Us
Site Map
My Account
Refer & Earn
My Account
Order History
Wish List
Newsletter
My Library
Office 365 Email Login
Google Login
Verified By
©2016 DigiBook Technologies (P) Ltd, All Rights Reserved. An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Company
