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1 V.A.0.0 PPT-SFMTG-ELVWRK Safety Meeting Elevated Work
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Safety Meeting
Elevated Work
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• There are many jobs that require working at heights
• This requires the use of walking working surfaces such as ladders, scaffolds and stairways
• Safety in elevated work areas requires companies to follow strict standards for height, width, building materials, load capacity and proper housekeeping
Elevated Work
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• Designed primarily to provide access to an elevated area
• Must not be used as a work platform unless the
job can be performed using only one hand • Be constructed according to OSHA regulations
Ladders
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• Get authorization to perform elevated work • Clear footing area of excess tools, debris, waste and
other obstructions • Place the ladder on a firm, level surface • Fully open the legs of the ladder • Use proper PPE
− Fall protection if necessary • Secure tools and equipment properly • Carry only necessary tools in pockets or tool belt • Attach a hand line and lift items once on stable surface • Maintain a 3-point contact with the ladder
Ladders
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3-point Contact
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• Inspect the following before using a ladder − Footing − Rungs or steps − Side rails − Hinges − Spreaders
Ladder Inspection
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• Put a warning tag on a damaged ladder immediately
• Report a damaged ladder to a supervisor • Take a damaged ladder out of service until it is
repaired − Portable ladders are often damaged by being moved
from worksite to worksite and while in storage − Fixed ladders may deteriorate if they are exposed to
the weather or corrosive chemicals
Damaged Ladders
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• Two types of ladders commonly found in industrial facilities − Portable − Fixed
Ladders
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• Avoid overreaching when performing work from a ladder
• The worker’s belt buckle must never pass the side rail of the ladder
• Never allow more than one person at a time on a ladder
Portable Ladders
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Portable Ladders
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• Portable ladders are subdivided into two categories − Step ladders − Extension ladders
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Step Ladders
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• A step ladder is used to perform work at relatively low levels or when an appropriate upper support is not available
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• Most commonly used to transit to a higher level where permanent access is not provided
• Ladder footing must be on a firm, level surface to prevent the base from kicking out
• Open ladder must maintain a 4:1 slope − Angled so the base of the ladder is one foot away from
the vertical plane for each rise of four feet • Top of the ladder must rest against a sturdy support • Top of the ladder must extend three feet past the
upper level • Must be tied off to avoid slippage
Extension Ladders
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Extension Ladders
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• Never use a metal ladder when electrical hazards are present
• Be aware of overhead power
lines and other electrical connections when setting up and moving a metal ladder
Metal Ladders
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• Provided in frequently accessed, elevated areas • A visual inspection ensures it is in an acceptable
condition before climbing • A fixed ladder higher than 20 feet must be
equipped with fall protection cages or other protective devices
• Rest platforms must be provided every 30 feet
Fixed Ladders
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Fixed Ladders
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• Designed primarily as a work platform • Allow workers to perform a job that
− Takes a long time − Requires both hands − Requires more than one person
• Only use a scaffold for its intended purpose based on the type of scaffold used
• A stairway or ladder must be provided and used for climbing onto a scaffold
• Always place on a firm level surface
Scaffolds
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• Store in a place that will avoid excessive weathering or damage
• Securely fasten risers and braces with the locking mechanism properly engaged
• Keep materials away from the bracing and footing of a scaffold
• Use of scaffolds that are covered with snow, ice or other slippery materials is prohibited
• Use of shore and lean-to scaffolds is prohibited
Scaffolds
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Scaffolds
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• Pole • Tube and coupler • Fabricated frame • Outrigger • Single point adjustable suspension • Two point adjustable suspension
Types of Scaffolds
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• Can only be used on a smooth, firm, level surface • Workers are only allowed on the scaffold when it
is stationary
Wheeled Scaffolds
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• Design and assembly of a scaffold • Dismantle or move a scaffold • Repair or alter a scaffold • Determine the maximum load capacity and
ensure that it is not exceeded at any time • Inspection of a scaffold
Qualified Worker Responsibilities
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• Must be inspected for − Deterioration − Damage − Missing parts
• Must be inspected − Before workers are allowed to use them − Before each shift − After any occurrence that may affect the
stability or safe use of the scaffolding
Scaffold Inspection
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• The structure that the scaffold is secured to must be capable of withstanding the load
• The load includes − Vertical load, such as the weight of the scaffold − Horizontal load, such as the wind blowing on tarps
• All scaffolds and components must support, without failure, its own weight and at least four times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to it
Load Capacity
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• The height of a freestanding scaffold is limited to four times the smallest dimension of the base − For example, a 5 x 10 freestanding scaffold cannot
exceed a height of 20 feet tall
• Guying or tying is necessary if a scaffold needs to be taller − Secure scaffold to a tall structure − Prevent swaying or displacement − Must be tied at least every 30 feet horizontally and
every 26 feet vertically
Height Limitations
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• Must be made of scaffolding grade material
• Must completely cover the entire working platform
• Must form a smooth, continuous working surface
• Must not have any gaps large enough for tools or materials to fall through
• Wooden planking must extend past the end supports by no less than 6 inches and no more than 12 inches
• Metal planking must not extend past the end supports
Planking
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• Electrical hazards can include − Working near energized or exposed electric lines − Using electric power tools − Using welding equipment
• Scaffolds must not be closer than 10 feet to power lines • Electric power tools create a risk of electrocution or
shock because a metal frame scaffold is conductive − Scaffold should be grounded to reduce the risk of injury
• To reduce the risk of electrocution or shock − Use a GFCI − Assured Grounding program
Scaffold Hazards
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• Area above and below the work being done on a scaffold can create fall hazards
• Area must be inspected before the job begins and cleared of any objects with the potential to fall on workers
• Ladders should not be used on a scaffold to increase the working height unless specific conditions are met
• Workers should not stand on boxes, crates or barrels to increase their working height
Scaffold Hazards
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• A fall arrest system should be worn even if a scaffold is equipped with handrails
• The company must ensure that wearing fall protection does not create a greater hazard
• The tie-off point selected for a fall arrest system cannot be a part of the scaffold
• A hard hat must be worn at all times if there is a chance of falling hand tools, debris or other small objects
Fall and Falling Object Protection
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• Eliminate the chance of materials falling from the scaffold − Do not stack materials where they can be knocked off − Tie hand tools and equipment to a safety line
• The area below the scaffold should be protected using a barricade and worker access must be restricted
Fall and Falling Object Protection
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• Handrails must be installed on all open ends and sides of scaffolding greater than 10 feet high − Handrails must be equipped with a top rail between 36
and 42 inches high and a mid-rail − Never climb or work from the handrail, midrail, braces or
cross-braces of a scaffold system
• Toeboards must be placed along the edge of platforms greater than 10 feet high for a distance sufficient to protect workers below − Toeboards must be at least 4 inches high to prevent loose
objects from being kicked over the side
Fall and Falling Object Protection
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• Additional protection that will deflect or contain falling objects can include − Toeboards − Screens − Guardrails − Debris nets − Catch platforms − Canopy structures
Fall and Falling Object Protection
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Elevated Work Quiz November 2012 Safety Meeting
NAME:
DATE:
INSTRUCTIONS: Sign and date this quiz sheet. Circle the letter representing the correct answer to each question below.
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1. are designed primarily to provide access to an elevated area.
A. Ladders B. Scaffolds C. Guardrails D. Toeboards
2. are designed primarily as a work platform. A. Ladders B. Scaffolds C. Guardrails D. Toebboards
3. Two types of ladders commonly found in industrial facilities are ladders and fixed ladders.
A. Portable B. Corporate C. Tall D. Rope
4. Never use a metal ladder when hazards are present. A. Water B. Biological C. Electrical D. Fall
5. Put a on a damaged ladder immediately. A. Body harness B. Safety net C. Stop sign D. Warning tag
6. Carry only necessary tools in pockets or tool belt when climbing a ladder. A. True B. False
7. All scaffolds and components must support, without failure, its own weight and at least times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to it.
A. Twenty B. Five C. Four D. One hundred
8. A fall arrest system should be worn even if a scaffold is equipped with handrails. A. True B. False
9. A scaffold must be inspected . A. Before workers are allowed to use them B. Before each shift C. After any occurrence that may affect the stability or safe use of the scaffolding D. All of the above
10. Shore and lean to scaffolds can be used only if the job is done quickly.
A. True
B. False
Elevated Work Answer Key November 2012 Safety Meeting
Below is the answer key for the quiz.
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1. A
2. B
3. A
4. C
5. D
6. A
7. C
8. A
9. D
10. B
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Sign-In Sheet for Safe Operations Meeting
Date: Conducted By:
Means to Verify Understanding: □ Quiz □ Q & A - Group Discussion □ Hands On Demo
Safety Topic(s) Covered: Elevated Work
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digits of SS #
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