Date post: | 12-Jan-2016 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | felicia-roberts |
View: | 214 times |
Download: | 2 times |
Emerging Infections of Concern
Health and Human Resources SubpanelGovernor’s Secure Commonwealth Initiative
March 2015
INFLUENZA
Influenza Vaccine
• WHO recommends that influenza vaccines for use in the 2015-2016 northern hemisphere influenza season contain the following: – an A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)pdm09-like virus,
which is the same as 2014-2015– an A/Switzerland/9715293/2013 (H3N2)-like virus,
which is different from 2014-2015– a B/Phuket/3073/2013-like virus, which is
different from 2014-2015
Influenza Vaccine
• Early estimates (January 2015) of vaccine effectiveness (VE) indicated that vaccination reduced a person’s risk of having to go to the doctor for flu illness by 23% across all ages.
• In late February, updated estimates indicated that VE was 18%.
• VE against influenza B viruses was 45%.
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5
• Federal agencies continue to detect and report the presence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5 viruses in US domestic poultry, captive wild birds, and wild birds.
• No human infections with these viruses have been reported worldwide; however, genetically similar viruses have infected people in the past
Measles• Highly contagious• Can cause serious health
complications• Prior to vaccination programs
in the US, 3-4 million people in the US got measles each year.
• Measles was declared eliminated from the US in 2000
• Measles is still commonly transmitted in many parts of the world.
Measles in Virginia
• There have been no cases of measles in 2015 to date.
• In previous seasons:– 2011: 7 cases– 2012: 0– 2013: 0– 2014: 2
• 88.6% of children in Virginia ages 19-35 months received 1 dose of MMR (2013, NIS)
• The HP2020 goal is 90%
Measles in the United States, 2015
•170 cases reported from 17 states
•125 (74%) considered to be part of California amusement park outbreak
•Outbreaks•California – 125 cases•Illinois – 15 cases•Nevada – 8 cases•Washington – 7 cases
These 4 outbreaks represent 89% of the cases reported in 2015.
U.S. Multi-state Measles OutbreakDecember 28, 2014 – February 27, 2015
State Case Count*
Arizona 7
California 124
Colorado 1
Nebraska 2
Oregon 1
Utah 3
Washington 2
Total 140
*Provisional data reported to CDC’s National Center for Immunization and Respiratory DiseasesSource: http://www.cdc.gov/measles/multi-state-outbreak.html
Impact of US Measles Outbreak in Virginia• There have been NO measles cases in Virginia linked to this US Outbreak• Heightened Concern
• Providers• Public• Facilities
• Information Requests• Data• Materials to help answer questions• Clinician’s Letter distributed on Feb 13, 2015
• Other Health Department Activities• Investigation of suspected cases• 20% increase in MMR doses administered
MERS-CoV• MERS CoV: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus-
– Presents a very LOW risk to general public in the US– As of January 23, 2015, WHO has confirmed 956 laboratory-
confirmed cases of MERS-CoV infection, which include at least 351 deaths.
– All reported cases have been directly or indirectly linked through travel or residence to nine countries: Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Jordan, Oman, Kuwait, Yemen, Lebanon, and Iran.
– In the United States, two patients tested positive for MERS-CoV in May 2014, each of whom had a history of fever and one or more respiratory symptoms after recent travel from Saudi Arabia (2).
– No further cases have been reported in the United States despite nationwide surveillance and the testing of 514 patients from 45 states to date.
Ebola – Cumulative Cases through
03/18/15
Mar-14
Mar-14
Mar-14
Apr-14
Apr-14
May-14
May-14
May-14
Jun-14
Jun-14Jul-1
4Jul-1
4
Aug-14
Aug-14
Aug-14
Sep-14
Sep-14
Oct-14
Oct-14
Nov-14
Nov-14
Nov-14
Dec-14
Dec-14Jan
-15Jan
-15
Feb-15
Feb-15
Feb-15
Mar-15
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
Total Cases, GuineaTotal Cases, LiberiaTotal Cases, Sierra Leone
Confirmed weekly Ebola virus disease cases reported from Sierra Leone (WHO)
Thank you!
Questions?
% children in kindergarten who have been exempted from 1+ vaccinesUS 2013-2014 School Year
Ebola – Virginia Traveler Active Monitoring
Risk Category Num %Low but not zero risk 752 97.9Some risk 15 2.0High risk 1 0.1
Travelers entered Virginia’s active monitoring program between 10/27/2014 and 3/22/2015
Current Status Num %
Completed monitoring 492 64.1
Transferred out 185 24.1
Released from monitoring 7 0.9
Under monitoring (as of 2/28/15) 84 10.9
659
3833 33 3
Health Planning Region*
Northern Northwest Eastern
Central Southwest
768
*2 travelers were transferred out of Virginia prior to being assigned to a region/health district