Emotional Intelligence (EI)

Arjun Rai

“Anyone can become angry … that is easy.

…But to be angry with the right person, to the right degree, at the right time, for the right purpose, and in the right way … that is not easy.” (Aristotle)

DefinitionThere is an intelligence based on emotion,

and people who have this capacity are less depressed, healthier, more enjoyable, and have better relationships

A form of social intelligence that involves the ability to monitor one’s own and others’ feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them, and to use this information to guide one’s thinking and action

DefinitionThe ability to perceive emotions; to access

and generate emotions so as to assist thought; to understand emotions and emotional knowledge; and to reflectively regulate emotions so as to promote emotional and intellectual growth

Plato2,000 years when Plato wrote, “All learning

has an emotional base.”

ContributorsDavid Wechsler, Edward Thorndike, Howard

Gardner, Wayne Payne, Reuven Bar-On, MSC (Mayer, Salovey, Caruso), and Daniel Goleman.

Goleman Aspects of Emotional Intelligence Knowing one’s emotions Managing emotions Motivating oneselfRecognizing emotion in othersHandling relationships

Goleman - Aspects of Emotional Intelligence Knowing ones emotions - self-awareness and

recognizing an emotion when it occursManaging emotions - handling emotions in a

fashion to build on self-awarenessMotivating oneself - the ability to channel

emotions in the service of a goalRecognizing emotions in others, or empathy -the

appreciation of the differences in people and the sensitivity to other’s feelings.

Handling relationships -managing emotions in others

What is Emotional Intelligence?

“The capacity for recognising our own feelings and those of others, for motivating ourselves, for managing emotions well in ourselves and in our relationships.”

(Goleman, 1995)

What is Emotional Intelligence? the ability to perceive emotions the ability to access and generate emotions so

as it assist thought the ability to understand complex emotions

and emotional knowledge the ability to reflectively regulate emotions so

as to promote emotional and intellectual growth

Emotional Understanding 1

Which of the following faces is expressing happiness, surprise, anger, sadness?

A B C D

Emotion Regulation 1You and your partner have got into an argument that has escalated into a shouting match; you’re both upset and, in the heat of the anger, making personal attacks you don’t really mean. What’s the best thing to do?

a. Take a 20 minute break and then continue the discussion

b. Just stop the argument – go silent, no matter what your partner says

c. Say you’re sorry and ask your partner to apologise tood. Stop for a moment, collect your thoughts, then state

your case as precisely as you can

Self -awareness

Self -management

Social awareness

Relationship management

What Does High or Low EI Look Like?

'I feel...'Open expression of emotionsNot preoccupied with

negative emotionsCan identity the feelings of

othersEmotionally resilientDecisions based on feelings

and logicAccepts self and othersGood listenerTalks about problems

'You always make me feel....'Cannot share feelings verballyNegative feelings dominateNot perceptive to others'

feelingsCarries grudges, unforgivingActs without reasoning or logicNot accepting of self or othersPoor listener'Hits out' when there is a

problem

HIGH LOW

So Why is EI Important?High EI individuals compared to those low on EI are:

Less aggressiveMore empathicHappierHave fewer unauthorised absences and exclusions from schoolLess depressedLess stressedHigher self-esteemLess lonelyBetter quality friendships and sexual relationships

A.R

Model of EI

Conscientiousness

Perceived emotions in self and others

Conginitive Understand the meaning of emotions

Emotional Stability

Regulate Emotioins

A.R

Application of EI in organization / OBEmployee selection – take example of Army –

emotional maturity is requiredDecision Making Creativity – research shows – good mood- creativity Motivating employees- good mood – and emotion – Leadership NegotiationCustomer serviceJob Attitude – consider employee as a “whole”

dignity – Deviant workplace Behaviour

But Can We Change EI?

Yes, as the construct encompasses constructs such as emotion regulation and social cognition which we know from the literature are changeable.

EI interventions are successful with high school students and those in HE.

Importance to businessLeaders must understand followersFollowers must understand leaders

Importance of businessEmotional intelligence helps one’s ability to

communicateMethod Style