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Dr. M. P. ANANTHAPADMANABHANDirector, C-STAR,
CHENNAI.
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India has around 3000 Engineering andTechnology institutes with an annual intake
of1 million students.
India's higher education system contributes
about 350,000 engineers and 2.5 millionuniversity graduates annually to our
workforce
Various industry reports suggests that
around 25% of engineering graduates and39.5% of overall graduates are
employable.
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Various industry reports suggests that around 25%
of engineering graduates and 39.5% of overall
graduates are employable.
Poor employability percentage across all
industries-Aspiring Minds, 2010.
Employers expect knowledge and proficiency on
new technologies as well as communication skills
and personality development.
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ASSOCHAM study projects 87.37million newjobs will be created by 2015 in India with avery significant share of 32% by themanufacturing sector followed by trade and
construction Employment in IT and ITeS is expected to grow
to 3.28 million in 2015
Banking and Financial services industry isexpected to double its employment size andemploy 2.97 million people by 2015
The BPO and KPO industry are expected togrow at 8-12% in next three year
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A report by AIMA and CII projects that developedcountries will have a shortage of 39 million workingpopulation in 2020 while in India will have a surplus of47 million people in working age group. This challengefaced by the developed nations presents an opportunity
for India. India can provide a host of services like Professional services to the world provided remotely
from Indian- IT Services, IT Enabled Services, tele -medicine, e-learning, etc.
Customers Serviced in India- Special service Tourism(Health care, Education services) leisure Tourism etc.
To take this opportunity India would need to focus oneducation and training of its growing work force
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Three essential skills Cloud computing
Mobile technology
Business Intelligence - It is a diverse field that
spans across various industries starting fromhealthcare, banks, e-commerce and marketing
to information technology and biotechnology.
Business analyst basically propose, analyze, and
review different methodologies & systems thathelp business firms to streamline their
organizational structure, establish their positioning
and increase profitability in the market
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Fundamental skills are basic abilities which
are naturally required to perform the
specific job.
Generally the wider term like Aptitude is
used to refer to these fundamental skills.
Normally these skills are acquired during
school education and these skills become likea foundation for the career progression
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Technical skills are competencies which arelearned and acquired duringcollege/professional education as per thespecific job.
These are normally knowledge based skills
which are taught during various courses toprepare an individual for specific job.
Technical skills are different for different jobas per the knowledge requirement for the
job and industry. The key aspects of domainknowledge and practical application ofknowledge are also part of technical skills.
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Communication skills are abilities requiredfor effective communication in professionalenvironments.
These are part of basic life skill but because oftheir significance in changing workenvironments they are been identified asseparate category. These include language andprimary skills for communication such asreading, writing and speaking. Information issupreme and effective communication playsimportant role for people to work together.
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Life skills are basic skills which are requiredfor human existence and success. Normallythese are generic skills which are typicallycommon for various professions.
These skills are acquired through experience,aging and self driven understanding. Most ofthe attitudinal attributes would be part of lifeskills.
It is rightly said that right attitude and rightaptitude is a good blend for successful career.Life skills have relevance beyond work life andare relevant to personal as well as social livesof people.
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Social skills are abilities to work and performin social environments. Professionalenvironment have a strong social dimensionbecause of many individuals workingtogether for a common objective and
mission.
Managing relationships at work is a keyrequirement for performance and ability to
lead and work in team decides theaccomplishment of larger objective of anorganization.
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Globalization, technology, distinctive
business trends and sustained GDP growth
are the main reasons for the manifold
increase in demand for skilled manpower
across the sectors
Skill gap and Skill shortages are seen across
sectors ranging from IT, Infrastructure,
Power, Capital goods, Manufacturing, Health
care, Education etc
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What are the employers views about the
skills of engineering graduates?
What skills do employers consider importantwhen hiring fresh engineering graduates?
What are the skills gaps across the three skill
factors?
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College curriculum doesn't includecommunication skills,- Moorthy, Infosys.
"Engineers, today, need broadbased skills
that are outside the realm of textbooks,"- Srikantan Moorthy, Senior VP,
Education and Research, Infosys.
"Students should be mandated fortechnical visits from first year onwards,-
Sanyal-IET (Institution of Engineers and
Technology.
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"While an organization may not expect acandidate to have in depth knowledge ofcomputer science, it at least expects adecent piece of code to be written and theability to debug and submit a working
programme- Himashu Aggarwal, Co-founder,Aspiring Minds .
Engineers could be oriented towards
entrepreneurship and stimulated onresponsibility of social contribution,-Prashant Deo Singh, Head HR, PanasonicIndia
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Lack of imaginations in the construction of
laboratory experiments in the academic settings and
also probably in the evaluation patterns followed
Few problems set (examinations) for students to
test designed oriented problems which would havegiven the students to explore the designed space
and appreciate the challenges
Little exposure to joint projects with industries toexperience the complexities in the actual work
place and prepare students better for carriers in the
relevant industries General Manager , Project
delivery in a large IT company in India
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Common views from the Industry:Graduates don't possess critical thinking,
problem-solving, solution-offering andinnovative skills.
Attitude, Aptitude and Adaptabilitydifferentiate the best from the average.
Most IT companies demand industry-
backed certifications as well. So, afterfour years of B.Tech, engineers line up toobtain certificate programmes in JAVA,CISCO, Red Hat and others.
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The skills can be grouped into three major groups Core employability skills- generic attitudinal and
affective skills like reliability and team work
Professional skills- Cognitive skills related to theengineering profession, such as ability to applyengineering knowledge design, conductexperiments, related data analysis andinterpretations
Communication skills- English skills, written andverbal communication
Of the 3 above, though Core Employability Skills isthe most important, but Communication Skills are theones which could be measured relatively easier,followed by Professional Skills during an interview.
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These include various shades of following factors:
Integrity
Reliability
Teamwork
Willingness to learn
Entrepreneurship
Self-discipline Self-motivated
Flexibility
Empathy
These skills are not occupation specific, but cuts across
occupations. Some studies refer to this set of skills asgeneric, catalytic, core and/or employability. These skillsmore define a person rather than their academicknowledge.
According to World Bank survey (2010) report, the coreemployability skills contain a higher level of skill gap thanthe professional skills and communication skills.
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These include various shades of Academic skills:
Academic Knowledge Use of modern tools
Creativity
Problem solving
Customization
Contemporary issues
Customer Service
Some of these skills get captured during the written tests,and then during a face to face interview. The project workusually says a lot about the candidates capability and
knowledge on the subject.According to World Bank survey (2010) report, theProfessional skills comes as the 2nd in level of skillgap
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The following changes are required to improvehigher order thinking skills in graduates:
Reshape assessment methods
Reform curricula to increase the share of tasks
Promote teaching-learning sessions
Develop programs to meet the demand for
specific skill from different sectors
Encourage industry internships andinvolvement of institutions within the
community
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These include various shades of soft skills: In English-Written Communication/Reading/Listening
Technical Skills
Experiments/data analysis
Verbal Communication
Unlike country like China, India has been pre-dominantly a service sector industry and itnecessitates the importance of good communicationwith their majority of western customers.These skillsusually get displayed during an interview conversation.
According to World Bank survey (2010) report, thecommunication Skills comes as the last skill gap
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As per Joint survey by FICCI and World Bankthe top three specific skills expected byemployers:
Entrepreneurship
Communication in English
Use of modern tools and technologies
IT companies expect from fresher:Advanced computer skills and
communication in English
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National Academy of Engineers has identified
the following attributes for engineers by 2020:
Strong analytical skill
Practical ingenuity- skill in planning,
combining and adapting
Creativity (invention, innovation, think
outside the box, art)
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Communication Business and Management
Leadership
High ethical standards and ProfessionalismDynamism, agility, resilience and flexibility
Life long learners
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Demonstrate knowledge of mathematics, science and
engineering
Demonstrate an ability to identify, formulate andsolve engineering problems
Demonstrate an ability to design and conductexperiments, analyze and interpret data
Demonstrate an ability to design a system, componentor process as per needs and specifications
Demonstrate and ability to visualize and work onlaboratory and multidisciplinary tasks
Demonstrate skills to use modern engineering tools,techware and equipment to analyze problems
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Demonstrate knowledge of professionaland ethical responsibilities
Able to communicate effectively in both
verbal and written formAble to understand the impact of
engineering solutions on the society andalso aware of the contemporary issues
Develop confidence for self education andability for life long learning
Participate and succeed in competitive
examinations
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For India to remain globally competitive in the knowledge
economy, academia will have to keep pace with rapid
technological changes in the industry and work in closeassociation
Industry & academia has to commit to work together to deal
with the huge challenge of unemployment amongst graduates by
incorporating Core employability, Communication & Professionalskill sets in the curriculum
Both Institutions and Corporates need to work towards creating
a collaborative and competitive ecosystem that will nurture good
practices & talent
You need Champions & Patrons from Industry & Academia
respectively to drive & Associations to facilitate the process
Government intervention is needed to vitalise and scale up
through appropriate funding support
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