En-ROADS

Supporting Data

Commercialization Timeand

Progress Ratios

Sources include: Akiner, S. & Aldis, A. (2004), Smil,V. (2006)

Progress Ratio is the change in price with one doubling of cumulative installed capacity. A Progress Ratio above 1.0 (100%) means that a doubling of installed capacity increases the cost of the next installed capacity.

Ex. - A PR of 0.9 means that, after one doubling of installed capacity, the new price is 90% of the old price.

Sources include: Junginger, M., et al. (2010), McDonald, A., Schrattenholzer, L (2001)

Source: McDonald, A., Schrattenholzer, L. (2001)

World Energy Resources

Sources include: IPCC. (2007), World Energy Council. (2010)

Sources include: IPCC. (2011), Jacobson, M. Z. (2009)

Construction MaterialsRequired

Sources include: J. Sullivan, et al. (2010), Kris R. Voorspools, et al. (2000)

Sources include: J. Sullivan, et al. (2010), Kris R. Voorspools, et al. (2000)

Sources include: J. Sullivan, et al. (2010), Kris R. Voorspools, et al. (2000)

Source: Greenpeace. (2010)

Development and Construction Time

Development includes preconstruction activities such as performing feasibility studies, securing financing, identifying and purchasing/leasing a site, obtaining a site permit, approving and issuing a construction permit, and dealing with appeals.

Sources include: Jacobson, M. Z. (2009), US Department of Energy (2008)

Construction time also includes post construction activities, such as connecting the energy source to the grid.

Sources include: Jacobson, M. Z. (2009), US Department of Energy (2008)

Sources include: Jacobson, M. Z. (2009), US Department of Energy (2008)

Sources include: Jacobson, M. Z. (2009), US Department of Energy (2008)

Lifecycle Emissions

Sources include: Hiroki, H. (2005), White, S. & Kulcinski, G. (1998)

Sources include: Hiroki, H. (2005), White, S. & Kulcinski, G. (1998)

Efficiency Improvements

Sources include: US Department of Energy (2011), US Bureau of Transportation Statistics (2011)

Energy Intensity

*EIA data for Germany begins in 1991; EIA world data begins in 1994

Sources: World Resources Institute (2011), US Energy Information Administration (2012)

Sources: World Resources Institute (2011), US Energy Information Administration (2012)

*EIA data for Germany begins in 1991; EIA world data begins in 1994

Source: World Resources Institute (2011)

Source: World Resources Institute (2011)

Source: US Energy Information Administration (2012)

*Europe data range for EIA is 1994-2005

Source: US Energy Information Administration (2012)

*Europe data range for EIA is 1994-2005

Sources: World Resources Institute (2011), US EIA (2012), International Energy Agency (2011)

*Africa defined as Sub-Saharan Africa by WRI; Asia defined as "Asia (excluding Middle East)" by WRI and "Asia and Oceania" by EIA; Europe data range for EIA is 1994-2005

Source: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (1998)

Sources: EMF-22, En-ROADS v56n

2.6 w/m2 of radiative forcing indicates a CO2 equivalent concentration of 450ppm 3.7 w/m2 of radiative forcing indicates a CO2 equivalent concentration of 550ppm

Sources: LBNL (1998), US Bureau of Transportation Statistics (2011), US DOE (2011)