Encyclopedia of Metalloproteins
Robert H. Kretsinger • Vladimir N. UverskyEugene A. PermyakovEditors
Encyclopedia ofMetalloproteins
With 1109 Figures and 256 Tables
EditorsRobert H. KretsingerDepartment of BiologyUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesville, VA, USA
Vladimir N. UverskyDepartment of Molecular MedicineCollege of MedicineUniversity of South FloridaTampa, FL, USA
Eugene A. PermyakovInstitute for Biological InstrumentationRussian Academy of SciencesPushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
ISBN 978-1-4614-1532-9 ISBN 978-1-4614-1533-6 (eBook)ISBN 978-1-4614-1534-3 (print and electronic bundle)DOI 10.1007/ 978-1-4614-1533-6Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London
Library of Congress Control Number: 2013931183
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Preface
Metal ions play an essential role in the functioning of all biological systems. All
biological processes occur in a milieu of high concentrations of metal ions, and many
of these processes depend on direct participation of metal ions. Metal ions interact
with charged and polar groups of all biopolymers; those interactions with proteins
play an especially important role.
The study of structural and functional properties of metal binding proteins is an
important and ongoing activity area of modern physical and chemical biology.
Thirteen metal ions – sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, manganese, iron,
cobalt, zinc, copper, nickel, vanadium, tungsten, and molybdenum – are known to be
essential for at least some organisms. Metallo-proteomics deals with all aspects of the
intracellular and extracellular interactions of metals and proteins. Metal cations and
metal binding proteins are involved in all crucial cellular activities. Many patholog-
ical conditions are correlated with abnormal metal metabolism. Research in metallo-
proteomics is rapidly growing and is progressively entering curricula at universities,
research institutions, and technical high schools.
Encyclopedia of Metalloproteins is a key resource that provides basic, accessible,and comprehensible information about this expanding field. It covers exhaustively all
thirteen essential metal ions, discusses other metals that might compete or interfere
with them, and also presents information on proteins interacting with other metal
ions. Encyclopedia of Metalloproteins is an ideal reference for students, teachers, and
researchers, as well as the informed public.
v
Acknowledgements
We extend our sincerest thanks to all of the contributors who have shared their
insights into metalloproteins with the broader community of researchers, students,
and the informed public.
vii
About the Editors
Robert H. Kretsinger Department of Biology, University of Virginia 395,
Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
Robert H. Kretsinger is Commonwealth Professor of Biology at the University of
Virginia in Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. His research has addressed structure,
function, and evolution of several different protein families. His group determined
the crystal structure of parvalbumin in 1970. The analysis of this calcium binding
protein provided the initial characterization of the helix, loop, helix conformation of
the EF-hand domain and of the pair of EF-hands that form an EF-lobe. Over seventy
distinct subfamilies of EF-hand proteins have been identified, making this domain
one of the most widely distributed in eukaryotes.
Dr. Kretsinger has taught courses in protein crystallography, biochemistry, mac-
romolecular structure, and history and philosophy of biology, and has served as chair
of his department and of the University Faculty Senate.
His “other” career as a sculptor began, before the advent of computer graphics,
with space filling models of the EF-hand (www.virginiastonecarvers.com). He has
also been an avid cyclist for many decades.
ix
Vladimir N. Uversky Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine,
University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612 USA
Vladimir N. Uversky is an Associate Professor at the Department of Molecular
Medicine at the University of South Florida (USF). He obtained his academic degrees
from Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (PhD in 1991) and from the
Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences
(DSc in 1998). He spent his early career working mostly on protein folding at the
Institute of Protein Research and Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Russia.
In 1998, he moved to the University of California, Santa Cruz, where for six years
he studied protein folding, misfolding, protein conformation diseases, and protein
intrinsic disorder phenomenon. In 2004, he was invited to join the Indiana University
School ofMedicine as a Senior Research Professor to work on intrinsically disordered
proteins. Since 2010, Professor Uversky has been with USF, where he continues to
study intrinsically disordered proteins and protein folding and misfolding processes.
He has authored over 450 scientific publications and edited several books and book
series on protein structure, function, folding and misfolding.
x About the Editors
Eugene A. Permyakov, Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Russian Academy
of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
Eugene A. Permyakov received his PhD in physics and mathematics at the Moscow
Institute of Physics and Technology in 1976, and defended his Doctor of Sciences
dissertation in biology at Moscow State University in 1989. From 1970 to 1994 he
worked at the Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian
Academy of Sciences. From 1990 to 1991 and in 1993, Dr. Permyakov worked at the
Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA. Since 1994 he has been the Director of
the Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
He is a Professor of Biophysics and is known for his work on metal binding proteins
and intrinsic luminescence method. He is a member of the Russian Biochemical
Society. Dr. Permyakov’s primary research focus is the study of physico-chemical
and functional properties of metal binding proteins. He is the author of more
than 150 articles and 10 books, including Luminescent Spectroscopy of Proteins(CRC Press, 1993), Metalloproteomics (John Wiley & Sons, 2009), and Calcium
Binding Proteins (John Wiley & Sons, 2011). He is an Academic Editor of the
journals PLoS ONE and PeerJ, and Editor of the book Methods in Protein Structureand Stability Analysis (Nova, 2007).
In his spare time, Dr. Permyakov is an avid jogger, cyclist, and cross country skier.
About the Editors xi
Section Editors
Sections: Physiological Metals: Ca; Non-Physiological Metals: Pd, Ag
Robert H. Kretsinger Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottes-
ville, VA, USA
Section: Physiological Metals: Ca
Eugene A. Permyakov Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Russian Academy
of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
xiii
Sections: Metalloids; Non-Physiological Metals: Ag, Au, Pt, Be, Sr, Ba, Ra
Vladimir N. Uversky Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine,
University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
Sections: Physiological Metals: Co, Ni, Cu
Stefano Ciurli Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy
and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Italy
xiv Section Editors
Sections: Physiological Metals: Cd, Cr
John B. Vincent Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama,
Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
Section: Physiological Metals: Fe
Elizabeth C. Theil Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland,
CA, USA
Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State
University, Raleigh, NC, USA
Section Editors xv
Sections: Physiological Metals: Mo, W, V
Biswajit Mukherjee Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur
University, Kolkata, India
Sections: Physiological Metals: Mg, Mn
Andrea Romani Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve
University, Cleveland, OH, USA
xvi Section Editors
Sections: Physiological Metals: Na, K
Sergei Yu. Noskov Institute for BioComplexity and Informatics and Department for
Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
Section: Physiological Metals: Zn
David S. Auld Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Section Editors xvii
Sections: Non-Physiological Metals: Li, Rb, Cs, Fr
Sergei E. Permyakov Protein Research Group, Institute for Biological Instrumen-
tation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
Sections: Non-Physiological Metals: Lanthanides, Actinides
Irena Kostova Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy,Medical University,
Sofia, Bulgaria
xviii Section Editors
Sections: Non-Physiological Metals: Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, Rf, Nb, Ta, Tc, Re, Ru,
Os, Rh, Ir
Chunying Chen Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and
Nanosafety of CAS, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing,
China
Sections: Non-Physiological Metals: Hg, Pb
K. Michael Pollard Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The
Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
Section Editors xix
Sections: Non-Physiological Metals: Al, Ga, In, Tl, Ge, Sn, Sb, Bi, Po
Sandra V. Verstraeten Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Buenos
Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
xx Section Editors
List of Contributors
Satoshi Abe Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Biosci-
ence and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
Vojtech Adam Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy,
Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno,
Czech Republic
Olayiwola A. Adekoya Pharmacology Research group, Department of Pharmacy,
Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
Paul A. Adlard The Mental Health Research Institute, The University of
Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
Magnus S. Agren Department of Surgery and Copenhagen Wound Healing Center,
Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
Karin Akerfeldt Department of Chemistry, Haverford College, Haverford, PA,
USA
Takashiro Akitsu Department of Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science,
Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Lorenzo Alessio Department of Experimental and Applied Medicine, Section of
Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
Mamdouh M. Ali Biochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnol-
ogy Division, National Research Centre, El Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
James B. Ames Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA,
USA
Olaf S. Andersen Department of Physiology and Biophysics,Weill CornellMedical
College, New York, NY, USA
Gregory J. Anderson Iron Metabolism Laboratory, Queensland Institute of
Medical Research, PO Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
Janet S. Anderson Department of Chemistry, Union College, Schenectady,
NY, USA
Joao Paulo Andre Centro de Quımica, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
xxi
Claudia Andreini Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) – University of Florence,
Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
Alexey N. Antipov A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry Russian Academy of
Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Tayze T. Antunes Kidney Research Center, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute,
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
Varun Appanna Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian Univer-
sity, Sudbury, ON, Canada
Vasu D. Appanna Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian Univer-
sity, Sudbury, ON, Canada
Cristina Arino Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona,
Barcelona, Spain
Vladimir B. Arion Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna,
Austria
Farukh Arjmand Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh,
UP, India
Fabio Arnesano Department of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari,
Italy
Joan L. Arolas Proteolysis Lab, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular
Biology Institute of Barcelona, CSIC Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona, Spain
Afolake T. Arowolo Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Biotechnology,
Rhodes University, Grahamstown, Eastern Cape, South Africa
Nebojsa Arsenijevic Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac,
Centre for Molecular Medicine, Kragujevac, Serbia
Samuel Ogheneovo Asagba Department of Biochemistry, Delta State University,
Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
Michael Aschner Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Clinical Pharma-
cology and Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville,
TN, USA
Center for Molecular Neuroscience, Vanderbilt University Medical Center,
Nashville, TN, USA
The Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University
Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
Michael Assfalg Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona,
Italy
WilliamD. Atchison Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology,Michigan State
University, East Lansing, MI, USA
xxii List of Contributors
Bishara S. Atiyeh Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, American
University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
Sılvia Atrian Departament de Genetica, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de
Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Christopher Auger Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian
University, Sudbury, ON, Canada
David S. Auld Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Scott Ayton The Mental Health Research Institute, The University of Melbourne,
Parkville, VIC, Australia
Eduard B. Babiychuk Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy,
University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Petr Babula Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of
Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
Damjan Balabanic Ecology Department, Pulp and Paper Institute, Ljubljana,
Slovenia
Wojciech Bal Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of
Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
Graham S. Baldwin Department of Surgery, Austin Health, The University of
Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
Cynthia Bamdad Minerva Biotechnologies Corporation, Waltham, MA, USA
Mario Barbagallo Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical
Specialties (DIMIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Juan Barcelo Lab. Fisiologıa Vegetal, Facultad de Biociencias, Universidad
Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
Khurram Bashir Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The Univer-
sity of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Partha Basu Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University,
Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Andrea Battistoni Dipartimento di Biologia, Universita di Roma Tor Vergata,
Rome, Italy
Mikael Bauer Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund
University, Chemical Centre, Lund, Sweden
Lukmaan Bawazer School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
Carine Bebrone Centre for Protein Engineering, University of Liege, Sart–Tilman,
Liege, Belgium
Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, RWTH–Aachen University, c/o Fraunhofer
IME, Aachen, Germany
List of Contributors xxiii
Konstantinos Beis Division of Molecular Biosciences, Imperial College London,
London, South Kensington, UK
Membrane Protein Lab, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation
Campus, Chilton, Oxfordshire, UK
Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, Oxforsdhire, UK
Catherine Belle Departement de Chimie Moleculaire, UMR-CNRS 5250,
Universite Joseph Fourier, ICMG FR-2607, Grenoble, France
Andrea Bellelli Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of
Rome, Rome, Italy
Gunes Bender Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan
Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Stefano Benini Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano,
Bolzano, Italy
Stephane L. Benoit Department of Microbiology, The University of Georgia,
Athens, GA, USA
Tomas Bergman Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska
Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Lawrence R. Bernstein Terrametrix, Menlo Park, CA, USA
Marla J. Berry Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of
Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
Ivano Bertini Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM) – University of Florence, Sesto
Fiorentino, Italy
Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
Gerd Patrick Bienert Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Universite catholique de
Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
Andrew N. Bigley Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College
Station, TX, USA
Luis M. Bimbo Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Helsinki,
Helsinki, Finland
Ohad S. Birk Head, Genetics Institute, Soroka Medical Center Head, Morris Kahn
Center for Human Genetics, NIBN and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion
University, Beer Sheva, Israel
Ruth Birner-Gruenberger Institute of Pathology and Center of Medical Research,
Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
Cristina Bischin Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai
University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Florian Bittner Department of Plant Biology, Braunschweig University of
Technology, Braunschweig, Germany
xxiv List of Contributors
Jodi L. Boer Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State
University, East Lansing, MI, USA
Judith S. Bond Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania
State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
Martin D. Bootman Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University
Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, UK
BhargaviM. Boruah CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immu-
nology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
Sheryl R. Bowley Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess
Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Doreen Braun Institute forExperimental Endocrinology,Charite-Universit€atsmedizin
Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Davorka Breljak Unit of Molecular Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and
Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
Leonid Breydo Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine,
University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
Mickael Briens UPR ARN du CNRS, Universite de Strasbourg, Institut de Biologie
Moleculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
Joan B. Broderick Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State
University, Bozeman, MT, USA
James E. Bruce Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington,
Seattle, WA, USA
Ernesto Brunet Dept. Quımica Organica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad
Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Maurizio Brunori Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of
Rome, Rome, Italy
Susan K. Buchanan Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabe-
tes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda,
MD, USA
Gabriel E. B€uchel Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna,
Austria
Zivadin D. Bugarcic Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of
Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
Melisa Bunderson-Schelvan Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Center for Environmental Health, The University of Montana, Missoula,
MT, USA
List of Contributors xxv
Jean-Claude G. B€unzli Center for Next Generation Photovoltaic Systems, Korea
University, Sejong Campus, Jochiwon–eup, Yeongi–gun, ChungNam–do, Republic
of Korea
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Institute of Chemical Sciences and
Engineering, Lausanne, Switzerland
John E. Burke Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology,
Cambridge, UK
Torsten Burkholz Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy,
Saarland State University, Saarbruecken, Germany
Bruce S. Burnham Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Physics, Rider
University, Lawrenceville, NJ, USA
Ashley I. Bush TheMental Health Research Institute, The University of Melbourne,
Parkville, VIC, Australia
Kunzheng Cai Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricul-
tural University, Guangzhou, China
Ivan L. Calderon Laboratorio de Microbiologıa Molecular, Universidad Andres
Bello, Santiago, Chile
Glaucia Callera Kidney Research Center, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute,
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
Marcello Campagna Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular
Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
Merce Capdevila Departament de Quımica, Facultat de Ciencies, Universitat
Autonoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Valles (Barcelona), Spain
Fernando Cardozo-Pelaez Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for
Environmental Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
Bradley A. Carlson Molecular Biology of Selenium Section, Laboratory of Cancer
Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD,
USA
Silvia Castelli Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome,
Italy
Tommy Cedervall Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund
University, Chemical Centre, Lund, Sweden
Sudipta Chakraborty Department of Pediatrics and Department of Pharmacology,
and the Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University
Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
Henry Chan Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological Sciences,
University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
N. Chandrasekaran Centre for Nanobiotechnology, VIT University, Vellore,
Tamil Nadu, India
xxvi List of Contributors
Loıc J. Charbonniere Laboratoire d’Ingenierie Moleculaire Appliquee a l’Analyse,
IPHC, UMR 7178 CNRS/UdS ECPM, Strasbourg, France
Malay Chatterjee Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical
Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Mary Chatterjee Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical
Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Francois Chaumont Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Universite catholique de
Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
Juan D. Chavez Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington,
Seattle, WA, USA
Chi-Ming Che Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chem-
istry and Open Laboratory of Chemical Biology of the Institute of Molecular Tech-
nology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The University of Hong Kong, Hong
Kong, China
Elena Chekmeneva Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
Di Chen The Developmental Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer
Institute, and Departments of Oncology, Pharmacology and Pathology, School of
Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
Hong-YuanChen NationalKeyLaboratory ofAnalytical Chemistry for Life Science,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
Jiugeng Chen Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Genetics, Universite
Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
Sai-Juan Chen State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of
Hematology, Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of
Medicine, Shanghai, China
Zhu Chen State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hema-
tology, Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of
Medicine, Shanghai, China
Robert A. Cherny The Mental Health Research Institute, The University of
Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
Yana Chervona Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University
Medical School, New York, NY, USA
Christopher R. Chitambar Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medical
College of Wisconsin, Froedtert and Medical College of Wisconsin Clinical
Cancer Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA
Hassanul Ghani Choudhury Division of Molecular Biosciences, Imperial College
London, London, South Kensington, UK
Membrane Protein Lab, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation
Campus, Chilton, Oxfordshire, UK
Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, Oxforsdhire, UK
List of Contributors xxvii
Samrat Roy Chowdhury Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur
University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Stefano Ciurli Department of Agro-Environmental Science and Technology,
University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Stephan Clemens Department of Plant Physiology, University of Bayreuth,
Bayreuth, Germany
Nansi Jo Colley Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, UW Eye
Research Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
Gianni Colotti Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale
delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
Giovanni Corsetti Division of Human Anatomy, Department of Biomedical
Sciences and Biotechnologies, Brescia University, Brescia, Italy
Max Costa Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Medical
School, New York, NY, USA
Jos A. Cox Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva,
Switzerland
Adam V. Crain Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State
University, Bozeman, MT, USA
Ann Cuypers Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek,
Belgium
Martha S. Cyert Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
Sabato D’Auria National Research Council (CNR), Laboratory for Molecular
Sensing, Institute of Protein Biochemistry, Naples, Italy
Veronica Daier Departamento de Quımica Fısica/IQUIR-CONICET, Facultad de
Ciencias Bioquımicas y Farmaceuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario,
Argentina
Charles T. Dameron Chemistry Department, Saint Francis University, Loretto,
PA, USA
Subhadeep Das Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical
Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Nilay Kanti Das Department of Dermatology, Medical College, Kolkata, West
Bengal, India
Rupali Datta Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological Univer-
sity, Houghton, MI, USA
Benjamin G. Davis Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry,
University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Dennis R. Dean Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg,
VA, USA
xxviii List of Contributors
Kannan Deepa Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical
Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Claudia Della Corte Unit of Liver Research of Bambino Gesu Children’s Hospital,
IRCCS, Rome, Italy
Simone Dell’Acqua REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento de Quımica, Faculdade de
Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
Hakan Demir Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kocaeli
University, Umuttepe, Kocaeli, Turkey
Sumukh Deshpande Institute for Biocomplexity and Informatics, Department of
Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
Alessandro Desideri Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata,
Rome, Italy
Interuniversity Consortium, National Institute Biostructure and Biosystem (INBB),
Rome, Italy
Patrick C. D’Haese Laboratory of Pathophysiology, University of Antwerp,
Wilrijk, Belgium
Jose Manuel Dıaz-Cruz Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of
Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Saad A. Dibo Division Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American University of
Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
Pavel Dibrov Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg,
MB, Canada
Adeleh Divsalar Department of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Moallem University,
Tehran, Iran
Ligia J. Dominguez Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical
Specialties (DIMIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Delfina C. Domınguez College of Health Sciences, The University of Texas at El
Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
Rosario Donato Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences,
University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
Elke Dopp Institute of Hygiene and Occupational Medicine, University of
Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
Melania D’Orazio Dipartimento di Biologia, Universita di Roma Tor Vergata,
Rome, Italy
Q. Ping Dou The Developmental Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos
Cancer Institute, and Departments of Oncology, Pharmacology and Pathology,
School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
List of Contributors xxix
Ross G. Douglas Zinc Metalloprotease Research Group, Division of Medical Bio-
chemistry, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of
Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Annette Draeger Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy, University of
Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Gabi Drochioiu Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
Elzbieta Dudek Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton,
AB, Canada
Todor Dudev Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
Henry J. Duff Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Calgary, AB, Canada
Evert C. Duin Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University,
Auburn, AL, USA
R. Scott Duncan Vision Research Center and Departments of Basic Medical
Science and Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas
City, MO, USA
Michael F. Dunn Department of Biochemistry, University of California at
Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
Serdar Durdagi Institute for Biocomplexity and Informatics, Department of
Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
Kaitlin S. Duschene Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State
University, Bozeman, MT, USA
Ankit K. Dutta School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of
Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Naba K. Dutta IanWark Research Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson
Lakes, South Australia, Australia
Paul J. Dyson Institut des Sciences et Ingenierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique
Federale de Lausanne (EPFL) SB ISIC-Direction, Lausanne, Switzerland
Brian E. Eckenroth Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics,
University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
Niels Eckstein Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Bonn,
Germany
David J. Eide Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-
Madison, Madison, WI, USA
Thomas Eitinger Institut f€ur Biologie/Mikrobiologie, Humboldt-Universit€at zu
Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Annette Ekblond Cardiology Stem Cell Laboratory, Rigshospitalet University
Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
Jean-Michel El Hage Chahine ITODYS, Universite Paris-Diderot Sorbonne Paris
Cite, CNRS UMR 7086, Paris, France
xxx List of Contributors
Alex Elıas Laboratorio de Microbiologıa Molecular, Departamento de Biologıa,
Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Jeffrey S. Elmendorf Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology and
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Centers for Diabetes
Research, Membrane Biosciences, and Vascular Biology and Medicine, Indiana
University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
Sanaz Emami Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics
(IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Vinita Ernest Centre for Nanobiotechnology, VITUniversity, Vellore, Tamil Nadu,
India
Miquel Esteban Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona,
Barcelona, Spain
Christopher Exley The Birchall Centre, Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Keele
University, Staffordshire, UK
Chunhai Fan Laboratory of Physical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Applied
Physics, Shanghai, China
Marcelo Farina Departamento de Bioquımica, Centro de Ciencias Biologicas,
Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
Nicholas P. Farrell Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University,
Richmond, VA, USA
Caroline Fauquant iRTSV/LCBM UMR 5249 CEA-CNRS-UJF, CEA/Grenoble,
Bat K, Universite Grenoble, Grenoble, France
James G. Ferry Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Eberly
College of Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
Ana Maria Figueiredo Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares, IPEN-
CNEN/SP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
David I. Finkelstein The Mental Health Research Institute, The University of
Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
Larry Fliegel Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB,
Canada
Swaran J. S. Flora Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Defence Research
and Development Establishment, Gwalior, India
Juan C. Fontecilla-Camps Metalloproteins; Institut de Biologie Structurale J.P.
Ebel; CEA; CNRS; Universite J. Fourier, Grenoble, France
Sara M. Fox Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State
University, East Lansing, MI, USA
Ricardo Franco REQUIMTE FCT/UNL, Departamento de Quımica, Faculdade de
Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
List of Contributors xxxi
Stefan Fr€anzle Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Research
Group of Environmental Chemistry, International Graduate School Zittau, Zittau,
Germany
Christopher J. Frederickson NeuroBioTex, Inc, Galveston Island, TX, USA
Michael Frezza The Developmental Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann
Karmanos Cancer Institute, and Departments of Oncology, Pharmacology and
Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
Barbara C. Furie Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess
Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Bruce Furie Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess
Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Roland Gaertner Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital, Ludwig-
Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
Sonia Galvan-Arzate Departamento de Neuroquımica, Instituto Nacional de
Neurologıa y Neurocirugıa Manuel Velasco Suarez, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Livia Garavelli Struttura Semplice Dipartimentale di Genetica Clinica,
Dipartimento di Ostetrico-Ginecologico e Pediatrico, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a
Carattere Scientifico, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
Carolyn L. Geczy Inflammation and Infection Research Centre, School of Medical
Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Emily Geiger Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological Univer-
sity, Houghton, MI, USA
Alayna M. George Thompson Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry,
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
Charles P. Gerba Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science,
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
Miltu Kumar Ghosh Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur
University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Pramit Ghosh Department of Community Medicine, Medical College, Kolkata,
West Bengal, India
Saikat Ghosh Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University,
Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Hedayatollah Ghourchian Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biochemistry
and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Jessica L. Gifford Department of Biological Sciences, Biochemistry Research
Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
Danuta M. Gillner Department of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology,
Gliwice, Poland
xxxii List of Contributors
Mario Di Gioacchino Occupational Medicine and Allergy, Head of Allergy and
Immunotoxicology Unit (Ce.S.I.), G. d’Annunzio University, Via dei Vestini, Chieti,
Italy
Denis Girard Laboratoire de recherche en inflammation et physiologie des
granulocytes, Universite du Quebec, INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, QC,
Canada
F. Xavier Gomis-R€uth Proteolysis Lab, Department of Structural Biology, Molec-
ular Biology Institute of Barcelona, CSIC Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona, Spain
Harry B. Gray Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena,
CA, USA
ClaudiaGroßkopf Department Chemicals Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assess-
ment, Berlin, Germany
Thomas E. Gunter Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of
Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
Dharmendra K. Gupta Departamento de Bioquımica, Biologıa Celular y Molecu-
lar de Plantas, Estacion Experimental del Zaidin, CSIC, Granada, Spain
Nikolai B. Gusev Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Moscow State
University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Mandana Haack-Sørensen Cardiology Stem Cell Laboratory, Rigshospitalet
University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
Bodo Haas Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Bonn,
Germany
Hajo Haase Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University,
Aachen, Germany
Fathi Habashi Department of Mining, Metallurgical, and Materials Engineering,
Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
Alice Haddy Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North
Carolina, Greensboro, NC, USA
Nguyet-ThanhHa-Duong ITODYS, Universite Paris-Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cite,
CNRS UMR 7086, Paris, France
Jesper Z. Haeggstrom Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics
(MBB), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
James F. Hainfeld Nanoprobes, Incorporated, Yaphank, NY, USA
Sefali Halder Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University,
Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Boyd E. Haley Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington,
KY, USA
Raymond F. Hamilton Jr. Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Center for Environmental Health, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
List of Contributors xxxiii
Heidi E. Hannon Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State
University, East Lansing, MI, USA
Timothy P. Hanusa Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville,
TN, USA
Edward D. Harris Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M
University, College Station, TX, USA
Todd C. Harrop Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
Andrea Hartwig Department Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Karlsruhe Institute
of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
Robert P. Hausinger Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, 6193 Biomedical and Physical
Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
Hiroaki Hayashi Department of Dermatology, Kawasaki Medical School,
Kurashiki, Japan
Xiao He CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and
Nanosafety & CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Techniques, Institute of
High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Yao He Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials, Soochow University,
Jiangsu, China
Kim L. Hein Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), University of Oslo
Nordic EMBL Partnership, Oslo, Norway
Claus W. Heizmann Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Chemistry,
University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Michael T. Henzl Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia,
MO, USA
Carol M. Herak-Kramberger Unit of Molecular Toxicology, Institute for Medical
Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
Christian Hermans Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Genetics,
Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
Griselda Hernandez New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center,
Albany, NY, USA
Akon Higuchi Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National
Central University, Jhongli, Taoyuan, Taiwan
Department of Reproduction, National Research Institute for Child Health and
Development, Setagaya–ku, Tokyo, Japan
Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, Hsi–Chi City, Taipei,
Taiwan
xxxiv List of Contributors
Russ Hille Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA,
USA
Alia V. H. Hinz Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University,
Kalamazoo, MI, USA
John Andrew Hitron Graduate Center for Toxicology, University of Kentucky,
Lexington, KY, USA
Miryana Hemadi ITODYS, Universite Paris-Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cite, CNRS
UMR 7086, Paris, France
Christer Hogstrand Metal Metabolism Group, Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences
Division, School of Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
Erhard Hohenester Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London,
London, UK
Andrij Holian Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for
Environmental Health, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
Richard C. Holz Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University
Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Charles G. Hoogstraten Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
Ying Hou Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of the Ministry
of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang
University, Beijing, China
Mingdong Huang Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess
Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
David L. Huffman Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University,
Kalamazoo, MI, USA
Paco Hulpiau Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent,
Belgium
Amir Ibrahim Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryBurn Fellow, Massachusetts
General Hospital / Harvard Medical School & Shriners Burn Hospital, Boston, USA
Mitsu Ikura Ontario Cancer Institute and Department of Medical Biophysics,
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Andrea Ilari Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale
delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
Giuseppe Inesi California PacificMedical Center Research Institute, San Francisco,
CA, USA
Hiroaki Ishida Department of Biological Sciences, Biochemistry Research Group,
University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
Vangronsveld Jaco Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University,
Diepenbeek, Belgium
List of Contributors xxxv
Claus Jacob Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland State
University, Saarbruecken, Germany
Sushil K. Jain Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health
Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
Peter Jensen Department of Dermato-Allergology, Copenhagen University Hospi-
tal Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark
Klaudia Jomova Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constan-
tine The Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovakia
Raghava Rao Jonnalagadda Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Insti-
tute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Hans Jornvall Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska
Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Olga Juanes Dept. Quımica Organica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad
Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Sreeram Kalarical Janardhanan Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research
Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Paul C. J. Kamer School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
Tina Kamceva Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Vinca Institute of Nuclear
Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Section of Clinical Pharmacology, Haukeland
University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
ChulHee Kang Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
Kazimierz S. Kasprzak Chemical Biology Laboratory, Frederick National
Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
Jane Kasten-Jolly New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center,
Albany, NY, USA
Jens Kastrup Cardiology Stem Cell Laboratory, Rigshospitalet University Hospital,
Copenhagen, Denmark
The Heart Centre, Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory, Rigshospitalet University
Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
Prafulla Katkar Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome,
Italy
Fusako Kawai Center for Nanomaterials and Devices, Kyoto Institute of Technol-
ogy, Kyoto, Japan
Jason D. Kenealey Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of
Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
Bernhard K. Keppler Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna,
Vienna, Austria
xxxvi List of Contributors
E. Van Kerkhove Department of Physiology, Centre for Environmental Sciences,
Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
Kazuya Kikuchi Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology, Graduate
School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
Michael Kirberger Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta,
GA, USA
Masanori Kitamura Department of Molecular Signaling, Interdisciplinary
Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo,
Yamanashi, Japan
Rene Kizek Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy,
Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno,
Czech Republic
Nanne Kleefstra Diabetes Centre, Isala clinics, Zwolle, The Netherlands
Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen,
The Netherlands
Langerhans Medical Research Group, Zwolle, The Netherlands
Judith Klinman Departments of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology,
California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley,
Berkeley, CA, USA
Michihiko Kobayashi Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Insti-
tute of Applied Biochemistry, The University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
Ahmet Koc Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of
Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
Sergey M. Korotkov Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochem-
istry, The Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
Peter Koulen Vision Research Center and Departments of Basic Medical Science
and Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO,
USA
Nancy F. Krebs Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of
Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
Zbigniew Krejpcio Division of Food Toxicology and Hygiene, Department of
Human Nutrition and Hygiene, The Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan,
Poland
The College of Health, Beauty and Education in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
Robert H. Kretsinger Department of Biology, University ofVirginia, Charlottesville,
VA, USA
List of Contributors xxxvii
Artur Krezel Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology,
University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
Aleksandra Krivograd Klemencic Faculty of Health Sciences, University of
Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Peter M. H. Kroneck Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz,
Germany
Eugene Kryachko Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kiev, Ukraine
Naoko Kumagai-Takei Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School,
Okayama, Japan
Anil Kumar CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanoparticles and
Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
Thirumananseri Kumarevel RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Harima Institute, Hyogo,
Japan
Valery V. Kupriyanov Institute for Biodiagnostics, National Research Council,
Winnipeg, MB, Canada
Wouter Laan School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
James C. K. Lai Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College
of Pharmacy and Biomedical Research Institute, Idaho State University, Pocatello,
ID, USA
Maria Jose Laires CIPER – Interdisciplinary Centre for the Study of Human
Performance, Faculty of Human Kinetics, Technical University of Lisbon, Cruz
Quebrada, Portugal
Kyle M. Lancaster Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell
University, Ithaca, NY, USA
Daniel Landau Department of Pediatrics, Soroka University Medical Centre,
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
Albert Lang Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, California
Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley,
CA, USA
Alan B. G. Lansdown Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
Jean-Yves Lapointe Groupe d’etude des proteines membranaires (GEPROM) and
Departement de Physique, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
Agnete Larsen Department of Biomedicine/Pharmacology Health, Aarhus Univer-
sity, Aarhus, Denmark
Lawrence H. Lash Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School
of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
xxxviii List of Contributors
David A. Lawrence Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health,
State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology and Immunology,
Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY, USA
Peter A. Lay School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Gabriela Ledesma Departamento de Quımica Fısica/IQUIR-CONICET, Facultad
de Ciencias Bioquımicas y Farmaceuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario,
Rosario, Argentina
John Lee Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of
Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
Suni Lee Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
Silke Leimk€uhler From the Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of
Molecular Enzymology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
Herman Louis Lelie Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of
California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
David M. LeMaster New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center,
Albany, NY, USA
Joseph Lemire Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University,
Sudbury, ON, Canada
Thomas A. Leonard Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Vienna, Austria
Alain Lescure UPR ARN du CNRS, Universite de Strasbourg, Institut de Biologie
Moleculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
Solomon W. Leung Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, School of
Engineering, College of Science and Engineering and Biomedical Research Institute,
Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID, USA
Bogdan Lev Institute for Biocomplexity and Informatics, Department of Biological
Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
Aviva Levina School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Huihui Li School of Chemistry and Material Science, Nanjing Normal University,
Nanjing, China
Yang V. Li Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic
Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
Xing-Jie Liang CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanoparticles and
Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Chinese Acad-
emy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Patrycja Libako Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environ-
mental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
Carmay Lim Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
List of Contributors xxxix
Sara Linse Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University,
Chemical Centre, Lund, Sweden
John D. Lipscomb Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophys-
ics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
Junqiu Liu State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials,
College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
Qiong Liu College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
Zijuan Liu Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI,
USA
Marija Ljubojevic Unit of Molecular Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research
and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
Mario Lo Bello Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome,
Italy
Yan-Chung Lo The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
Lingli Lu MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological
Health, College of Environmental & Resource Science, Zhejiang University,
Hangzhou, China
Roberto G. Lucchini Department of Experimental and Applied Medicine, Section
of Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
Department of Preventive Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York,
USA
Bernd Ludwig Institute of Biochemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
Quan Luo State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials,
College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
Jennene A. Lyda Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Environmen-
tal Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
Charilaos Lygidakis Regional Health Service of Emilia Romagna, AUSL of
Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Jiawei Ma Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of the Ministry
of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang
University, Beijing, China
Jian Feng Ma Plant Stress Physiology Group, Institute of Plant Science and
Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Japan
Megumi Maeda Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Division of Bioscience,
Okayama University Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama,
Japan
xl List of Contributors
Axel Magalon Laboratoire de Chimie Bacterienne (UPR9043), Institut de
Microbiologie de la Mediterranee, CNRS & Aix-Marseille Universite, Marseille,
France
Jeanette A. Maier Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco,
Universita di Milano, Medical School, Milano, Italy
Robert J. Maier Department of Microbiology, The University of Georgia, Athens,
GA, USA
Masatoshi Maki Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School
of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
R. Manasadeepa Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University,
Kolkata, West Bengal, India
David J. Mann Division of Molecular Biosciences, Department of Life Sciences,
Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK
G. Marangi Istituto di Genetica Medica, Universita Cattolica Sacro Cuore,
Policlinico A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy
Wolfgang Maret Metal Metabolism Group, Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences
Division, School of Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
Bernd Markert Environmental Institute of Scientific Networks, in Constitution,
Haren/Erika, Germany
Michael J. Maroney Department of Chemistry, Lederle Graduate Research Center,
University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
BrendaMarrero-Rosado Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
Christopher B. Marshall Ontario Cancer Institute and Department of Medical
Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Dwight W. Martin Department of Medicine and the Proteomics Center, Stony
Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
Ebany J. Martinez-Finley Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Clinical
Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville,
TN, USA
Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville,
TN, USA
Jacqueline van Marwijk Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Biotech-
nology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, Eastern Cape, South Africa
Pradip K. Mascharak Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of
California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
Anne B. Mason Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington,
VT, USA
HidenoriMatsuzaki Department of Hygiene, KawasakiMedical School, Okayama,
Japan
List of Contributors xli
Jacqueline M. Matthews School of Molecular Bioscience, The University of
Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Andrzej Mazur INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont Universite,
Universite d’Auvergne, Unite de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Paulo Mazzafera Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de
Campinas/Instituto de Biologia, Cidade Universitaria, Campinas, SP, Brazil
Michael M. Mbughuni Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and
Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
Joseph R. McDermott Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University,
Rochester, MI, USA
Megan M. McEvoy Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of
Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
Astrid van derMeer Interfaculty Reactor Institute, Delft University of Technology,
Delft, The Netherlands
Petr Melnikov Department of Clinical Surgery, School of Medicine, Federal
University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
Gabriele Meloni Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Howard
Hughes Medical Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
Ralf R. Mendel Department of Plant Biology, Braunschweig University of Tech-
nology, Braunschweig, Germany
Mohamed Larbi Merroun Departamento de Microbiologıa, Facultad de Ciencias,
Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
Albrecht Messerschmidt Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction,
Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
Marek Michalak Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton,
AB, Canada
Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
Isabelle Michaud-Soret iRTSV/LCBM UMR 5249 CEA-CNRS-UJF, CEA/
Grenoble, Bat K, Universite Grenoble, Grenoble, France
Radmila Milacic Department of Environmental Sciences, Jozef Stefan Institute,
Ljubljana, Slovenia
Glenn L. Millhauser Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of
California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
Marija Milovanovic Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac,
Centre for Molecular Medicine, Kragujevac, Serbia
Shin Mizukami Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology, Graduate
School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
xlii List of Contributors
Cristina Paula Monteiro Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of
Human Kinetics, Technical University of Lisbon, Cruz Quebrada, Portugal
Augusto C. Montezano Kidney Research Center, Ottawa Hospital Research
Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
Pablo Morales-Rico Department of Toxicology, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico city,
Mexico
J. Preben Morth Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL
Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Jean-Marc Moulis Institut de Recherches en Sciences et Technologies du Vivant,
Laboratoire Chimie et Biologie des Metaux (IRTSV/LCBM), CEA–Grenoble,
Grenoble, France
CNRS, UMR5249, Grenoble, France
Universite Joseph Fourier–Grenoble I, UMR5249, Grenoble, France
Isabel Moura REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento de Quımica, Faculdade de
Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
Jose J. G. Moura REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento de Quımica, Faculdade de
Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
Mohamed E. Moustafa Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexan-
dria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Amitava Mukherjee Centre for Nanobiotechnology, VIT University, Vellore,
Tamil Nadu, India
Biswajit Mukherjee Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur Univer-
sity, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Balam Munoz Department of Toxicology, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico city, Mexico
Francesco Musiani Department of Agro-Environmental Science and Technology,
University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Joachim Mutter Naturheilkunde, Umweltmedizin Integrative and Environmental
Medicine, Belegarzt Tagesklinik, Constance, Germany
Bonex W. Mwakikunga Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, National
Centre for Nano–Structured, Pretoria, South Africa
Department of Physics and Biochemical Sciences, University ofMalawi, TheMalawi
Polytechnic, Chichiri, Blantyre, Malawi
Chandra Shekar Nagar Venkataraman Condensed Matter Physics Division,
Materials Science Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam,
Tamil Nadu, India
Hideaki Nagase Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of
Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford,
London, United Kingdom
List of Contributors xliii
Sreejayan Nair University of Wyoming, School of Pharmacy, College of Health
Sciences and the Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine,
Laramie, WY, USA
Manuel F. Navedo Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of
Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Tim S. Nawrot Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University,
Diepenbeek, Belgium
Karel Nesmerak Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles
University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
Gerd Ulrich Nienhaus Institute of Applied Physics and Center for Functional
Nanostructures (CFN), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana,
IL, USA
Crina M. Nimigean Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical
College, New York, NY, USA
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New
York, NY, USA
Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
Yasumitsu Nishimura Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School,
Okayama, Japan
Naoko K. Nishizawa Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The
University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural Univer-
sity, Ishikawa, Japan
Valerio Nobili Unit of Liver Research of Bambino Gesu Children’s Hospital,
IRCCS, Rome, Italy
Nicholas Noinaj Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes
and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD,
USA
Aline M. Nonat Laboratoire d’Ingenierie Moleculaire Appliquee a l’Analyse,
IPHC, UMR 7178 CNRS/UdS ECPM, Strasbourg, France
Sergei Yu. Noskov Institute for Biocomplexity and Informatics, Department of
Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
Wojciech Nowacki Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of
Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
David O’Connell University College Dublin, Conway Institute, Dublin, Ireland
Masafumi Odaka Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Graduate School
of Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo,
Japan
xliv List of Contributors
Akira Ono Department of Material & Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering,
Kanagawa University, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
Laura Osorio-Rico Departamento de Neuroquımica, Instituto Nacional de
Neurologıa y Neurocirugıa Manuel Velasco Suarez, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Patricia Isabel Oteiza Departments of Nutrition and Environmental Toxicology,
University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
Takemi Otsuki Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama,
Japan
Rabbab Oun Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Univer-
sity of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
Vidhu Pachauri Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Defence Research and
Development Establishment, Gwalior, India
Oscar Palacios Departament de Quımica, Facultat de Ciencies, Universitat
Autonoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Valles (Barcelona), Spain
Maria E. Palm-Espling Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biological Center,
Umea University, Umea, Sweden
Claudia Palopoli Departamento de Quımica Fısica/IQUIR-CONICET, Facultad de
Ciencias Bioquımicas y Farmaceuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario,
Argentina
Tapobrata Panda Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical
Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Lorien J. Parker Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St. Vincent’s Institute of
Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and
Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
Michael W. Parker Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St. Vincent’s Institute of
Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and
Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
Marianna Patrauchan Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics,
College of Arts and Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
Sofia R. Pauleta REQUIMTE/CQFB, Departamento de Quımica, Faculdade de
Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
Evgeny Pavlov Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine,
Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
V. Pennemans Biomedical Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
Harmonie Perdreau Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic
EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
List of Contributors xlv
Alice S. Pereira Departamento de Quımica, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia,
Requimte, Centro de Quımica Fina e Biotecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa,
Caparica, Portugal
Eulalia Pereira REQUIMTE, Departamento de Quımica e Bioquımica, Faculdade
de Ciencias da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
Eugene A. Permyakov Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Russian Academy
of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
Sergei E. Permyakov Protein Research Group, Institute for Biological Instrumen-
tation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
Bertil R. R. Persson Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University,
Lund, Sweden
John W. Peters Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State
University, Bozeman, MT, USA
Marijana Petkovic Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Vinca Institute of Nuclear
Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
Le T. Phung Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois,
Chicago, IL, USA
Roberta Pierattelli CERM and Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University
of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
Elizabeth Pierce Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan
Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Andrea Pietrobattista Unit of Liver Research of Bambino Gesu Children’s
Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
Thomas C. Pochapsky Department of Chemistry, Rosenstiel Basic Medical
Sciences Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA
Ehmke Pohl Biophysical Sciences Institute, Department of Chemistry, School of
Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham, UK
Joe C. Polacco Department of Biochemistry/Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Univer-
sity of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
Arthur S. Polans Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, UW Eye
Research Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
K. Michael Pollard Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The
Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
Charlotte Poschenrieder Lab. Fisiologıa Vegetal, Facultad de Biociencias,
Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
Thomas L. Poulos Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Pharmaceu-
tical Science, and Chemistry, University of California, Irivine, Irvine, CA, USA
xlvi List of Contributors
Richard D. Powell Nanoprobes, Incorporated, Yaphank, NY, USA
Ananda S. Prasad Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Center, Wayne
State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
Walter C. Prozialeck Department of Pharmacology, Midwestern University,
Downers Grove, IL, USA
Qin Qin Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Maine Center
for Toxicology and Environmental Health, Department of Applied Medical Sciences,
University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME, USA
Thierry Rabilloud CNRS, UMR 5249 Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of
Metals, Grenoble, France
CEA, DSV, iRTSV/LCBM, Chemistry and Biology of Metals, Grenoble Cedex 9,
France
Universite Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
StephenW. Ragsdale Department of Biological Chemistry, University ofMichigan
Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Frank M. Raushel Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College
Station, TX, USA
Frank Reith School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of
Adelaide, Centre of Tectonics, Resources and Exploration (TRaX) Adelaide,
Urrbrae, South Australia, Australia
CSIRO Land and Water, Environmental Biogeochemistry, PMB2, Glen Osmond,
Urrbrae, South Australia, Australia
Tony Remans Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek,
Belgium
Albert W. Rettenmeier Institute of Hygiene and Occupational Medicine, Univer-
sity of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
Rita Rezzani Division of Human Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences
and Biotechnologies, Brescia University, Brescia, Italy
Marius Reglier Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, ISM2/BiosCiences UMR
CNRS 7313, Aix-Marseille Universite Campus Scientifique de Saint Jerome,
Marseille, France
Oliver-M. H. Richter Institute of Biochemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt,
Germany
Agnes Rinaldo-Matthis Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics
(MBB), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
Lothar Rink Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTHAachen University,
Aachen, Germany
Alfonso Rios-Perez Department of Toxicology, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico city,
Mexico
List of Contributors xlvii
Rasmus Sejersten Ripa Cardiology Stem Cell Laboratory, Rigshospitalet Univer-
sity Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
Cluster for Molecular Imaging and Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear
Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
Marwan S. Rizk Deptartment of Anesthesiology, American University of Beirut
Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
Nigel J. Robinson Biophysical Sciences Institute, Department of Chemistry, School
of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham, UK
Joao B. T. Rocha Departamento de Quımica, Centro de Ciencias Naturais e Exatas,
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
Juan C. Rodriguez-Ubis Dept. Quımica Organica, Facultad de Ciencias,
Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Harry A. Roels Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology,
Universite catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
Andrea M. P. Romani Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of
Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
S. Rosato Struttura Semplice Dipartimentale di Genetica Clinica, Dipartimento di
Ostetrico-Ginecologico e Pediatrico, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere
Scientifico, Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
Barry P. Rosen Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Florida Inter-
national University, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
Erwin Rosenberg Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna
University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
Amy C. Rosenzweig Departments of Molecular Biosciences and of Chemistry,
Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
Michael Rother Institut f€ur Mikrobiologie, Technische Universit€at Dresden,
Dresden, Germany
Benoıt Roux Department of Pediatrics, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The
University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Namita Roy Choudhury Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South
Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, Australia
Jagoree Roy Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
Kaushik Roy Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technol-
ogy, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Marian Rucki Centre of Occupational Health, Laboratory of Predictive Toxicol-
ogy, National Institute of Public Health, Praha 10, Czech Republic
Anandamoy Rudra Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur Univer-
sity, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
xlviii List of Contributors
Giuseppe Ruggiero National Research Council (CNR), Laboratory for Molecular
Sensing, Institute of Protein Biochemistry, Naples, Italy
Kelly C. Ryan Department of Chemistry, Lederle Graduate Research Center,
University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
Lisa K. Ryan New Jersey Medical School, The Public Health Research Institute,
University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
Janusz K. Rybakowski Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of
Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
Ivan Sabolic Unit of Molecular Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and
Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
Kalyan K. Sadhu Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology, Graduate
School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
Anita Sahu Institute of Pathology and Center of Medical Research, Medical
University of Graz, Graz, Austria
P. Ch. Sahu Condensed Matter Physics Division, Materials Science Group, Indira
Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
Milton H. Saier Jr. Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological
Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
Jarno Salonen Laboratory of Industrial Physics, Department of Physics, University
of Turku, Turku, Finland
Abel Santamarıa Laboratorio de Aminoacidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de
Neurologıa y Neurocirugıa Manuel Velasco Suarez, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Luis F. Santana Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of
Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Helder A. Santos Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Helsinki,
Helsinki, Finland
Dibyendu Sarkar Earth and Environmental Studies Department, Montclair State
University, Montclair, NJ, USA
Louis J. Sasseville Groupe d’etude des proteines membranaires (GEPROM) and
Departement de Physique, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
R. Gary Sawers Institute for Microbiology, Martin-Luther University Halle-
Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
Janez Scancar Department of Environmental Sciences, Jozef Stefan Institute,
Ljubljana, Slovenia
Marcus C. Schaub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of
Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Sara Schmitt The Developmental Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos
Cancer Institute, and Departments of Oncology, Pharmacology and Pathology,
School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
List of Contributors xlix
Paul P. M. Schnetkamp Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Hotchkiss
Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
Lutz Schomburg Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charite – University
Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Gerhard N. Schrauzer Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of
California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
Ruth Schreiber Department of Pediatrics, Soroka University Medical Centre,
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
Ulrich Schweizer Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Charite-
Universit€atsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Ion Romulus Scorei Department of Biochemistry, University of Craiova, Craiova,
DJ, Romania
Lucia A. Seale Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of
Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
Lance C. Seefeldt Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State Univer-
sity, Logan, UT, USA
William Self Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical
Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
Takashi Sera Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate
School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama,
Japan
Aruna Sharma Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Surgical
Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala
University, Uppsala, Sweden
Hari Shanker Sharma Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Research, Department of
Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care medicine, University Hospital,
Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Honglian Shi Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas,
Lawrence, KS, USA
Xianglin Shi Graduate Center for Toxicology, University of Kentucky, Lexington,
KY, USA
Satoshi Shinoda JST, CREST, and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of
Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Japan
Maksim A. Shlykov Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological
Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
Siddhartha Shrivastava Rensselaer Nanotechnology Center, Rensselaer Polytech-
nic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic
Institute, Troy, NY, USA
l List of Contributors
Sandra Signorella Departamento de Quımica Fısica/IQUIR-CONICET, Facultad
de Ciencias Bioquımicas y Farmaceuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario,
Rosario, Argentina
Amrita Sil Department of Pharmacology, Burdwan Medical College, Burdwan,
West Bengal, India
Radu Silaghi-Dumitrescu Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,
Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Simon Silver Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois,
Chicago, IL, USA
Britt-Marie Sjoberg Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm
University, Stockholm, SE, Sweden
Karen Smeets Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek,
Belgium
StephenM. Smith Departments of Molecular Biosciences and of Chemistry, North-
western University, Evanston, IL, USA
Małgorzata Sobieszczanska Department of Pathophysiology, Wroclaw Medical
University, Wroclaw, Poland
Young-Ok Son Graduate Center for Toxicology, University of Kentucky, Lexington,
KY, USA
Martha E. Sosa Torres Facultad de Quimica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de
Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacan, Mexico DF, Mexico
Jerry W. Spears Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University,
Raleigh, NC, USA
Sarah R. Spell Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University,
Richmond, VA, USA
Christopher D. Spicer Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry,
University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
St. Hilda’s College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Alessandra Stacchiotti Division of Human Anatomy, Department of Biomedical
Sciences and Biotechnologies, Brescia University, Brescia, Italy
Jan A. Staessen Study Coordinating Centre, Department of Cardiovascular
Diseases, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Unit of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Maria Staiano National Research Council (CNR), Laboratory for Molecular
Sensing, Institute of Protein Biochemistry, Naples, Italy
Anna Starus Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University
Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Alexander Stein HubertusWald Tumor Center, University Cancer Center Hamburg
(UCCH), University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
List of Contributors li
Iryna N. Stepanenko Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna,
Vienna, Austria
Martin J. Stillman Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario,
London, ON, Canada
Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
Walter Stocker Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Institute of Zoology, Cell
and Matrix Biology, Mainz, Germany
Barbara J. Stoecker Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State Univer-
sity, Stillwater, OK, USA
Edward D. Sturrock Zinc Metalloprotease Research Group, Division of Medical
Biochemistry, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of
Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Minako Sumita Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
Kelly L. Summers Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario,
London, ON, Canada
Raymond Wai-Yin Sun Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of
Synthetic Chemistry and Open Laboratory of Chemical Biology of the Institute of
Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The University of Hong
Kong, Hong Kong, China
Claudiu T. Supuran Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Sesto
Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
Hiroshi Suzuki Department of Biochemistry, Asahikawa Medical University,
Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
Q. Swennen Biomedical Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
Ingebrigt Sylte Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medical
Biology, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
Yoshiyuki Tanaka Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku Univer-
sity, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
Shen Tang Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
Akio Tani Research Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University,
Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
Pedro Tavares Departamento de Quımica, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia,
Requimte, Centro de Quımica Fina e Biotecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa,
Caparica, Portugal
Jan Willem Cohen Tervaert Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Maastricht
University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Tiago Tezotto Departamento de Producao Vegetal, Universidade de Sao Paulo/
Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
lii List of Contributors
Elizabeth C. Theil Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland,
CA, USA
Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State
University, Raleigh, NC, USA
Frank Thevenod Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Centre for Biomedical
Training and Research (ZBAF), Institute of Physiology & Pathophysiology, Univer-
sity of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
David J. Thomas Pharmacokinetics Branch – Integrated Systems Toxicology
Division, National Health and Environmental Research Laboratory, U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
Ameer N. Thompson Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical
College, New York, NY, USA
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College,
New York, NY, USA
R€udiger Thul School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham,
Nottingham, UK
Jacob P. Thyssen National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermato-
Allergology, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark
Milon Tichy Centre of Occupational Health, Laboratory of Predictive Toxicology,
National Institute of Public Health, Praha 10, Czech Republic
Dajena Tomco Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
Hidetaka Torigoe Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo
University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
Rhian M. Touyz Kidney Research Center, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute,
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular
Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
Chikashi Toyoshima Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The Univer-
sity of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Lennart Treuel Institute of Applied Physics and Center for Functional
Nanostructures (CFN), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Duisburg–Essen, Essen, Germany
Shweta Trivedi Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University,
Raleigh, NC, USA
Thierry Tron iSm2/BiosCiences UMR CNRS 7313, Case 342, Aix-Marseille
Universite, Marseille, France
Chin-Hsiao Tseng Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University
College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
List of Contributors liii
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine,
National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Tsai-Tien Tseng Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark
Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, USA
Samantha D. Tsotsoros Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth
University, Richmond, VA, USA
Petra A. Tsuji Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, Towson,
MD, USA
Hiroshi Tsukube JST, CREST, and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of
Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Japan
Sławomir Tubek Institute of Technology, Opole, Poland
Raymond J. Turner Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary,
Calgary, AB, Canada
Toshiki Uchihara Laboratory of Structural Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan
Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
Takafumi Ueno Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of
Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
Christoph Ufer Institute of Biochemistry, Charite – Universit€atsmedizin Berlin,
Berlin, Germany
Irem Uluisik Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of
Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
Balachandran Unni Nair Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute
(Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Vladimir N. Uversky Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South
Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
Joan Selverstone Valentine Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Univer-
sity of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Marian Valko Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine
The Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovakia
Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak Technical University, Bratislava,
Slovakia
J. David van Horn Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City,
Kansas City, MO, USA
Frans van Roy Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent,
Belgium
Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
liv List of Contributors
Marie Vancova Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of
Sciences of the Czech Republic and University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice,
Czech Republic
Jaco Vangronsveld Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University,
Diepenbeek, Belgium
Antonio Varriale National Research Council (CNR), Laboratory for Molecular
Sensing, Institute of Protein Biochemistry, Naples, Italy
Milan Vasak Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Z€urich, Z€urich,Switzerland
Claudio C. Vasquez Laboratorio de Microbiologıa Molecular, Departamento de
Biologıa, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
Oscar Vassallo Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome,
Italy
Claudio N. Verani Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI,
USA
Nathalie Verbruggen Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Genetics,
Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
Sandra Viviana Verstraeten Department of Biological Chemistry, IQUIFIB
(UBA-CONICET), School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos
Aires, Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Ramon Vilar Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South
Kensington, London, UK
John B. Vincent Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa,
AL, USA
Hans J. Vogel Department of Biological Sciences, Biochemistry Research Group,
University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
Vladislav Volarevic Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Centre
for Molecular Medicine, Kragujevac, Serbia
Anne Volbeda Metalloproteins; Institut de Biologie Structurale J.P. Ebel; CEA;
CNRS; Universite J. Fourier, Grenoble, France
Eugene S. Vysotski Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics Russian
Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Anne Walburger Laboratoire de Chimie Bacterienne (UPR9043), Institut de
Microbiologie de la Mediterranee, CNRS & Aix-Marseille Universite, Marseille,
France
Andrew H.-J. Wang Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei,
Taiwan
Jiangxue Wang Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of the
Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering,
Beihang University, Beijing, China
List of Contributors lv
Xudong Wang Department of Pathology, St Vincent Hospital, Worcester, MA,
USA
JohnWataha Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington HSC
D779A, School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA, USA
David J. Weber Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of
Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
Nial J. Wheate Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW,
Australia
Chris G.Whiteley Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National
Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
Roger L. Williams Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology,
Cambridge, UK
Judith Winogrodzki Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba,
Winnipeg, MB, Canada
John Pierce Wise Sr. Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology,
Maine Center for Toxicology and Environmental Health, Department of Applied
Medical Sciences, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME, USA
Pernilla Wittung-Stafshede Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biological
Center, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
Bert Wolterbeek Interfaculty Reactor Institute, Delft University of Technology,
Delft, The Netherlands
Simone W€unschmann Environmental Institute of Scientific Networks in Constitu-
tion, Haren/Erika, Germany
Robert Wysocki Institute of Experimental Biology, University of Wroclaw,
Wroclaw, Poland
Shenghui Xue Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
Xiao-Jing Yan Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of China Medical
University, Shenyang, China
Xiaodi Yang School of Chemistry and Material Science, Nanjing Normal Univer-
sity, Nanjing, China
Jenny J. Yang Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA,
USA
Natural Science Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
Vladimir Yarov-Yarovoy Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology,
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Univer-
sity of California, Davis, CA, USA
Katsuhiko Yokoi Department of Human Nutrition, Seitoku University Graduate
School, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
lvi List of Contributors
Vincenzo Zaga Department of Territorial Pneumotisiology, Italian Society of
Tobaccology (SITAB), AUSL of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Carla M. Zammit School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of
Adelaide, Centre of Tectonics, Resources and Exploration (TRaX) Adelaide,
Urrbrae, South Australia, Australia
CSIRO Land and Water, Environmental Biogeochemistry, PMB2, Glen Osmond,
Urrbrae, South Australia, Australia
Lourdes Zelia Zanoni Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Federal
University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
Huawei Zeng United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research
Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND, USA
Cunxian Zhang Department of Pathology, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode
Island, Kent Memorial Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University,
Providence, RI, USA
Chunfeng Zhao Institute for Biocomplexity and Informatics and Department of
Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
Anatoly Zhitkovich Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown
University, Providence, RI, USA
Boris S. Zhorov Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster
University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy
of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
Yubin Zhou Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
Division of Signaling and Gene Expression, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and
Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
Michael X. Zhu Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
Marcella Zollino Istituto di Genetica Medica, Universita Cattolica Sacro Cuore,
Policlinico A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy
List of Contributors lvii