VIRGINIA
STANDARDS OF LEARNING ASSESSMENTS
Spring 2001 Released Test
END OF COURSEEARTH SCIENCE
SESSION: 40 PAGE: 1 11/15/101 10:38 LOGIN IS-pam PATH: @sun1/xydisk2/CLS_psycorp/GRP_virginia/JOB_537591g11/DIV_g11estest
Property of the Virginia Department of Education
� 2001 by the Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Education, James MonroeBuilding, 101 N. 14th Street, Richmond, Virginia, 23219. All rights reserved. Exceptas permitted by law, this material may not be reproduced or used in any form or byany means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by anyinformation storage or retrieval system, without written permission from thecopyright owner. Commonwealth of Virginia public school educators may photocopy orprint any portion of these Released Tests for educational purposes without requestingpermission. All others should direct their requests to the Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Education at (804) 225-2102, Division of Assessment and Reporting.
SESSION: 19 PAGE: 2 11/14/101 8:38 LOGIN IS-pam PATH: @sun1/xydisk2/CLS_psycorp/GRP_virginia/JOB_537591g3/DIV_g3mathtest
DIRECTIONSRead each question carefully and choose the bestanswer. Then mark the space on the answersheet for the answer you have chosen.
SAMPLE
Which of these can be used to measureatmospheric pressure?
A An anemometerB A barometer �
C A thermometerD A seismometer
1
The pictures show the same stars atdifferent times. Which hypothesis isbest supported by these data?
A The stars are moving toward oneanother.
B The three stars are moving very fast.C One star is moving around another star. �
D The biggest star is closest to the Earth.
2 All of the following are sources ofenergy derived from the oceanexcept —
F coal �
G thermalH tidesJ waves
3 A star might be much brighter than itappears to be. This is called the star’sabsolute magnitude. The difference inapparent magnitude and absolutemagnitude is due primarily to thestar’s —
A surface temperatureB motion through the universeC diameterD distance from the Earth �
1908 1915 19201908 1915 1920
SESSION: 36 PAGE: 3 11/6/101 10:7 LOGIN IS-pam PATH: @sun1/xydisk2/CLS_psycorp/GRP_virginia/JOB_537591g11/DIV_g11estest
EY02B406�
C
ArtCodes
EY02B406.AR1
EY11C303�CL
EY14B207�C
Earth Science
3
4 Mineral Classification
MineralCrystalSystem Density Streak
ChemicalFormula
Bauxite Amorphous 2.0-2.5 White-brown Al2O3
Hematite Hexagonal 5.2-5.3 Cherry-red Fe2O3
Pyrolusite Tetragonal 4.7-5.0 Blue-black MnO2
Uraninite Isometric 7.5-9.7 Metallicblack
UO2
These minerals may be grouped togetherbecause they all have —
F the same crystal systemsG constant density valuesH shiny streaksJ the oxygen ion �
5 Water vapor is lighter than manyatmospheric gases such as oxygen,nitrogen, and carbon dioxide. Whythen doesn’t water vapor rise abovethese other gases to a higher level ofthe atmosphere?
A Water vapor contains other elementsthat give it weight.
B The cool atmosphere condenses therising water vapor and causes it to fallback to Earth. �
C The water molecules are attracted tomolecules of heavier gases and remainin the lower regions of the atmosphere.
D There is an attraction among the watervapor molecules to hold them togetherclose to the Earth.
6
Scientists use drill core samples tostudy the underlying rock structure.These two core samples were obtainedfrom the ocean floor from locationsseparated by 10 km. Which layer incore sample one does not have amatching layer in core sample two?
F Basalt �
G ClayH LimestoneJ Sandstone
SiltstoneSandstoneLimestoneBasaltClay
1
Key
2
�����������������������
SESSION: 36 PAGE: 4 11/6/101 10:7 LOGIN IS-pam PATH: @sun1/xydisk2/CLS_psycorp/GRP_virginia/JOB_537591g11/DIV_g11estest
EY05A401�
C
EY12D201�
C
EY10B311�CL
ArtCodes
EY10B311.AR1
4
7
The wireless operator aboard theTitanic signaled for help and gave theship’s location as 41�45�N and 50�14�W.Which area shown on the map is mostlikely where the Titanic struck theiceberg?
A A �
B BC CD D
8
The countries shown here releasedmuch more CO2 than the rest of theworld because these countries have thelargest —
F number of peopleG amount of rainfallH number of heavy industries �
J amount of land per person
9 The presence of many metamorphicrocks in Virginia is an indication thatthe area has been subjected to —
A intense heat and pressure �
B limited volcanic activityC deep ocean ventingD massive solar bombardment
60°W70°W 50°W 40°W
30°N
60°N
70°N
50°N
40°N
30°W 20°W
A
B
C
D
Greenland
NovaScotia
Iceland
Greenland
NovaScotia
Iceland
BaffinBay
BaffinBay
Davis
Strait
Davis
Strait
IcebergsIcebergs
Country
United States 5.9
Canada 5.2
Germany 3.1
United Kingdom 2.9
Japan 2.3
France 2.0
Italy 2.0
World Average 1.2
Tons/Year(per capita)
Worldwide CO2 Release
SESSION: 36 PAGE: 5 11/6/101 10:7 LOGIN IS-pam PATH: @sun1/xydisk2/CLS_psycorp/GRP_virginia/JOB_537591g11/DIV_g11estest
EY03D499�
C
ArtCodes
EY03D499.AR1
EY07D401�C
ArtCodes
EY07D401.AR1
EY08A403�C
5
10
The picture shows a limestone buildingblock. Which observation best showsthat the limestone was formed fromocean sediments?
F The thickness of the rock layersG The number of fossilsH The type of fossils �
J The size of the fossils
11 About how long does it take the Earthto make one complete rotation on itsaxis?
A One day �
B One weekC One monthD One year
12
What appears to have occurred at thearea labeled B?
F Sediment was deposited on slopedground.
G Sediment was deposited on slopedground that later became level.
H Sediment was deposited on level groundthat later tilted. �
J Sediment was deposited on level groundthat stayed level.
13 Which of these energy sourcesproduces the least harmfulenvironmental effects?
A NuclearB Fossil fuelsC Solar �
D Hydroelectric
A
B
C
D
SESSION: 36 PAGE: 6 11/6/101 10:7 LOGIN IS-pam PATH: @sun1/xydisk2/CLS_psycorp/GRP_virginia/JOB_537591g11/DIV_g11estest
EY10A101�
C
ArtCodes
EY10A101.AR1
EY14A108�
C
EY06B201�C
ArtCodes
EY06B201.AR1
EY07B403�C
6
14 All of the following support the theoryof continental drift except that —
F the continents seem to fit together likepieces of a puzzle
G there are similar fossils on differentcontinents
H mountain ranges in South America andAfrica line up
J the North Pole and Antarctica arecovered with ice �
15
One step in determining the metalcontent of a ring is to find the volumeof the ring. What is the volume of thisring?
A 1.7 mL �
B 3.0 mLC 4.7 mLD 7.1 mL
16 The Southern Hemisphere is warmerin January than in July because —
F it is experiencing summer �
G the cold winds are concentrated in theNorthern Hemisphere
H the sun puts out more energyJ the hole in the ozone layer allows more
heat into the atmosphere
17
Which answer below matches thenumber in the drawing with thecorrect name of a sedimentaryformation?
A 1-delta, 2-continental rise, 3-flood plainB 1-alluvial fan, 2-flood plain, 3-delta �
C 1-barrier island, 2-continental shelf,3-alluvial fan
D 1-continental shelf, 2-continental rise,3-barrier island
Before After
5
4
3
2
1
6
10
9
8
7
mL
5
4
3
2
1
6
10
9
8
7
mL
River
Ocean
1
2
3
SESSION: 36 PAGE: 7 11/6/101 10:7 LOGIN IS-pam PATH: @sun1/xydisk2/CLS_psycorp/GRP_virginia/JOB_537591g11/DIV_g11estest
EY08C108�
C
EY01A105�
CL
ArtCodes
EY01A105.AR1
EY04C205�CL
EY08B409�C
ArtCodes
EY08B409.AR1
7
18 Only 3% of the Earth’s water is freshwater. The world’s oceans contain therest of the Earth’s water. Of that 3%,three-fourths is tied up in glaciers, icecaps, and snow fields. Antarcticglaciers contain nearly 85% of all theice in the world, and floating sea ice inthe Arctic contains 10% of the ice. Seaice freezes from ocean water, but thesalt is excluded in the freezing process,resulting in mostly freshwater ice.Where is the remaining 5% of theworld’s permanent supply of ice andsnow?
F High mountain peaks �
G Permanent Arctic blizzardsH Floating icebergsJ Drifting Antarctic snow
19 Oil spills have a tremendous impact onthe ocean environment, and the oilmust be cleaned up after these spills. Anew technique for cleaning oil frombeaches is called bioremediation. Thistechnique uses naturally occurringbacteria to break down the oil. How isthis accomplished?
A The bacteria bind with the oil and bringit to land.
B The bacteria pull the oil down to theocean floor.
C The bacteria chemically change the oilinto less harmful substances. �
D The bacteria die and absorb the oil.
20 A student sees a very bright star in thesky and thinks it might be the planetVenus. Which observation would lendsupport to this conclusion?
F After a few minutes, its position relativeto the surrounding stars has changedsignificantly.
G After an hour, its position relative to thehorizon has changed.
H After an hour, its brightness has fadedsignificantly.
J After a month, its position relative tothe surrounding stars has changed. �
21
Which of the following majorearthquakes did not occur at aboundary between tectonic plates?
A South Carolina (U.S.A.) 1886 �
B San Francisco (U.S.A.) 1906C Messina (southern Italy) 1908D Chillan (Chile) 1939
Plate Boundaries
SESSION: 37 PAGE: 8 11/6/101 12:16 LOGIN IS-pam PATH: @sun1/xydisk2/CLS_psycorp/GRP_virginia/JOB_537591g11/DIV_g11estest
EY09D301�
CL
EY11B308�
CL
EY02D202�C
EY04A306�CL
ArtCodes
EY04A306.AR1
8
22 Sinkholes associated with naturalprocesses are characteristic of whattype of bedrock?
F Limestone �
G GraniteH BasaltJ Gneiss
23 Which diagram represents theplacement of the sun, Earth, and moonduring a lunar eclipse?
24
According to the map, most hurricanesoccur where —
F the oceans are warmest �
G the landmasses are largestH the atmosphere is driestJ areas of greatest population exist
25 Geologists think that parts of theAppalachian Mountains formedoriginally from sedimentsaccumulating in shallow swamps. Theweight of the sediments caused thearea beneath them to sink, allowingmore sediments to accumulate. Theprocess continued until many layershad formed. Then tectonic processesfolded the layered sediments into arange of mountains. What evidence forthis theory can be found in the currentstructure of these mountains?
A Some rocks making up these mountainsshow signs of volcanism.
B The form of these mountains is veryeroded.
C The mountains exhibit folded layers ofrocks containing fossils from shallowwater. �
D The mountain range consists of parallelridges of different ages.
Sun
Sun
Sun
Sun
A C
B D
�
20° E 40°
60°N
40°
20°
0°
20°
40°S
60° 80° 100° 120° 140° 160° 180° 160° 140° 120° 100° 80° 60° 40° 20°W 0° 20°
Equator
Hurricane Zones
SESSION: 36 PAGE: 9 11/6/101 10:7 LOGIN IS-pam PATH: @sun1/xydisk2/CLS_psycorp/GRP_virginia/JOB_537591g11/DIV_g11estest
EY09B301�
CL
EY04C104�
C
ArtCodes
EY04C104.AR1EY04C104.AR2EY04C104.AR3EY04C104.AR4
EY13C303�C
ArtCodes
EY13C303.AR1
EY10D202�C
9
26
In this Mercator map of NorthAmerica, Canada and Alaska togetherappear larger than the United Statesand Mexico together when in fact theyare smaller. What causes thisdistortion?
F Mountains get flattened on a map sothat mountainous areas look larger thanthey really are.
G The northern regions are enlargedbecause the shallower parts of theoceans are frozen.
H The latitude and longitude lines createan optical illusion.
J The map is a projection of a round worldonto a flat surface. �
27 Which of the following is an example ofchemical weathering?
A Splits in a rock due to tree rootsB Pulverized rock resulting from a
landslideC A rock broken into chunks after
being carried by rapidly flowing waterD The dissolving of limestone by acid
rain �
28 The pole star, Polaris, is nearlystationary and straight overhead whenseen from the North Pole. Whenviewed from the Equator, it —
F is nearly stationary and on the horizon�
G is nearly stationary and directlyoverhead
H rises barely above the eastern horizon,moves along the southern horizon, andsets in the West
J rises straight up in the East, passesdirectly overhead, and descends straightdown in the West
29
Using this procedure, what property ofa mineral can be found?
A Crystal arrangementB Specific gravity �
C BrittlenessD Fracture
0°
15°N
30°N
45°N
60°N
75°NMercator Projection of North America
Alaska
Canada
United States
Mexico
0
5
10
15
20
25
0
5
10
15
20
25
SESSION: 36 PAGE: 10 11/6/101 10:7 LOGIN IS-pam PATH: @sun1/xydisk2/CLS_psycorp/GRP_virginia/JOB_537591g11/DIV_g11estest
EY03A201�
CL
ArtCodes
EY03A201.AR1
EY08B203�
C
EY04C315�CL
EY05A112�C
ArtCodes
EY05A112.AR1
10
30 Moist air from the Pacific Ocean risesand cools as it passes from west to eastover the Sierra Nevada Mountains.Once it is over the mountain range, theair descends and warms on the otherside. What is the result of the airascending, then descending over themountains?
F Desert on the west side of themountains and heavy rains on the eastside
G Heavy rains on the west side of themountains and desert on the east side �
H Heavy rains on the west side of themountains and year-round snow on theeast side
J Desert on the east and west sides of themountains and heavy rains on top of themountains
31 Because granite cools below thesurface of the Earth, it is —
A an igneous extrusive rockB an igneous intrusive rock �
C a sedimentary rockD a metamorphic rock
32
Hypothesis: In the summer, thewarmest air will be closest to SouthLake.
According to the data shown by thegraph, the warmest air during thesummer will be found —
F closest to North LakeG above South LakeH above the land between the lakes �
J closest to the water level of the lakes
33 Fish are abundant in areas where theocean is upwelling because it —
A causes currents that carry fish into thearea
B brings nutrients to the surface �
C causes surface turbulence that attractsfish
D changes tidal flow in that area
Tem
pera
ture
(°C
)
5
10
15
20
25
30
Distance (km)40
Land
0 SouthLake
NorthLake
80
Average July Temperature
SESSION: 36 PAGE: 11 11/6/101 10:7 LOGIN IS-pam PATH: @sun1/xydisk2/CLS_psycorp/GRP_virginia/JOB_537591g11/DIV_g11estest
EY13C404�
C
EY06A404�
C
EY02B403�C
ArtCodes
EY02B403.AR1
EY11A206�C
11
34 Parallax can be used to measure astar’s —
F distance from Earth �
G atmospheric temperatureH gravitational strengthJ surface composition
35 Many quarries in Virginia producecrushed stone. What industry uses themost crushed stone?
A PlasticsB Construction �
C ElectronicsD Steel
36 All of the following are characteristicsof metamorphic rocks except —
F flattened crystalsG colored, parallel layersH bending from pressureJ holes from trapped gases �
37 Which of these best showswind-deposited sediments?
A
B
C
D
�
SESSION: 36 PAGE: 12 11/6/101 10:7 LOGIN IS-pam PATH: @sun1/xydisk2/CLS_psycorp/GRP_virginia/JOB_537591g11/DIV_g11estest
EY14A401�
C
EY07C401�
C
EY06C204�
C
EY08B120�CL
ArtCodes
EY08B120.AR1EY08B120.AR2EY08B120.AR3EY08B120.AR4
12
38
What is the position of the star abovethe horizon?
F 35� �
G 40�
H 55�
J 60�
39 Not all fossils have been preservedinside soil or rock. Explorers in Siberiahave discovered the bodies of ancientmammoths so well-preserved that theflesh could be eaten. What do youthink preserved the mammoths in sucha perfect state?
A WaterB Ice �
C Leaf moldD Carbon dioxide
40
Which layer in this area is theyoungest?
F Shale �
G SandstoneH LimestoneJ Breccia
Horizon
Star
0°
90°
90°
30°
30°
60°
60°
0°
90°90°
60°
30° 30°
60°
Shale Sandstone Limestone Breccia
Shale
Sandstone
Limestone
Breccia
Sandstone
Limestone
Breccia
SESSION: 36 PAGE: 13 11/6/101 10:7 LOGIN IS-pam PATH: @sun1/xydisk2/CLS_psycorp/GRP_virginia/JOB_537591g11/DIV_g11estest
EY03A103�
C
ArtCodes
EY03A103.AR1
EY10A201�CL
EY10B105�C
ArtCodes
EY10B105.AR1
13
41 What is the fewest number ofseismographic stations that mustrecord the arrival time of P and Swaves in order for the epicenter of anearthquake to be located?
A 2B 3 �
C 5D 10
42
This picture shows a simple well thatwas dug down to the groundwater.What probably caused the lower levelof groundwater, known as a “cone ofdepression,” in the vicinity of the well?
F The weight of the atmosphere pressesdown on the groundwater in the well.
G The ground below the well acts as avacuum sucking out the water.
H Gravity pulls down the water beneaththe well.
J As water is drawn from the well, ittakes time for the groundwater topercolate through the soil and restorethe level. �
43
What is the actual distancerepresented by 1 inch on this map?
A 24 feetB 40 feetC 24,000 inches �
D 48,000 inches
44 The amount of power that can begenerated by a hydroelectric damwould be most dependent on whichtwo factors?
F The width of the dam and theconstruction material of the dam
G The volume of water going over the damand the distance that the water falls �
H The surface area of the reservoir andthe shape of the reservoir floor
J The temperature of the water and theamount of oxygen that it contains
Permanent water table
Saturated groundwater zone
Cone ofdepression
WilliamsvilleWilliamsville
Boundary
Boundary
ByrdPointByrdPoint
FordFord
Gorge
Gorge
1800
1680
16251734
1632
1620
2200
2000
1800
1800
Cem1 : 24,000Contour Interval 40 feet
Scale
SESSION: 36 PAGE: 14 11/6/101 10:7 LOGIN IS-pam PATH: @sun1/xydisk2/CLS_psycorp/GRP_virginia/JOB_537591g11/DIV_g11estest
EY08C499�
C
EY09C204�
C
ArtCodes
EY09C204.AR1
EY01C407�C
ArtCodes
EY01C407.AR1
EY07E201�C
14
45
The diagram shows the distribution ofdifferent fossils. During what geologictime period would they have existedtogether?
A JurassicB Triassic �
C PermianD Carboniferous
46 A person weighs more on the Earththan on the moon because the Earthhas a greater —
F densityG atmospheric pressureH magnetic strengthJ gravitational pull �
47
Which of these elements does this starcontain?
A MercuryB Calcium �
C SodiumD Neon
Jurassic
Triassic
Permian
Carboniferous
Span of Different Fossils
A DCB
Mercury
500nm
600nm
Neon
500nm
600nm
Sodium
500nm
600nm
Calcium
500nm
600nm
Spectrum of Star X500nm
600nm
Atomic Spectra of Certain Elements
SESSION: 36 PAGE: 15 11/6/101 10:7 LOGIN IS-pam PATH: @sun1/xydisk2/CLS_psycorp/GRP_virginia/JOB_537591g11/DIV_g11estest
EY10C404�
C
ArtCodes
EY10C404.AR1
EY14A106�
C
EY14B110�C
ArtCodes
EY14B110.AR1
15
48
Which factor would best explain whyCharlottesville is clear while Norfolkhas mist?
F TemperatureG Humidity �
H Wind speedJ Pressure
49 The mineral resources of Virginia canbe conserved by doing all of thefollowing except —
A recyclingB reducingC regenerating �
D reusing
50 A boat will float higher in the AtlanticOcean than it will in the PotomacRiver because ocean water has —
F a lower freezing pointG more organisms in itH more oxygen in itJ a greater density �
Weather Observed atCharlottesville, Virginia
Temperature
Humidity
Dewpoint
Wind
Pressure
Sky Condition
Visibility
23°C
38%
8°C
East at 9.7 kph
1020 mb
Clear
24 kilometers
Weather Observed atNorfolk NAS, Virginia
Temperature
Humidity
Dewpoint
Wind
Pressure
Sky Condition
Visibility
13°C
89%
11°C
East at 12.9 kph
1020 mb
Mist
10 kilometers
SESSION: 36 PAGE: 16 11/6/101 10:7 LOGIN IS-pam PATH: @sun1/xydisk2/CLS_psycorp/GRP_virginia/JOB_537591g11/DIV_g11estest
EY13A301�
C
ArtCodes
EY13A301.AR1
EY07A205�CL
EY11A408�C
16
Answer KeyTest
SequenceCorrectAnswer
ReportingCategory Reporting Category Description
1 C 001 Scientific Investigation
2 F 003 “Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater”
3 D 004 Astronomy and Space Science
4 J 002 Geology
5 B 003 “Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater”
6 F 002 Geology
7 A 001 Scientific Investigation
8 H 002 Geology
9 A 002 Geology
10 H 002 Geology
11 A 004 Astronomy and Space Science
12 H 002 Geology
13 C 002 Geology
14 J 002 Geology
15 A 001 Scientific Investigation
16 F 004 Astronomy and Space Science
17 B 002 Geology
18 F 003 “Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater”
19 C 003 “Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater”
20 J 001 Scientific Investigation
21 A 002 Geology
22 F 002 Geology
23 C 004 Astronomy and Space Science
24 F 003 “Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater”
25 C 002 Geology
26 J 001 Scientific Investigation
27 D 002 Geology
28 F 004 Astronomy and Space Science
29 B 002 Geology
30 G 003 “Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater”
31 B 002 Geology
32 H 001 Scientific Investigation
33 B 003 “Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater”
34 F 004 Astronomy and Space Science
35 B 002 Geology
36 J 002 Geology
37 B 002 Geology
38 F 001 Scientific Investigation
39 B 002 Geology
40 F 002 Geology
41 B 002 Geology
42 J 003 “Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater”
43 C 001 Scientific Investigation
44 G 002 Geology
45 B 002 Geology
46 J 004 Astronomy and Space Science
47 B 004 Astronomy and Space Science
48 G 003 “Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater”
49 C 002 Geology
50 J 003 “Meteorology, Oceanography, and Groundwater”
SESSION: 36 PAGE: 17 11/6/101 10:7 LOGIN IS-pam PATH: @sun1/xydisk2/CLS_psycorp/GRP_virginia/JOB_537591g11/DIV_g11estest