End of The Middle Ages

What Brought an end to the Middle ages?

1) Bubonic Plague• Failure of the

Church to prevent Plague– Church looses

credibility

• Need for Labor – Serfs can demand

wages– Serfs leave manor

Course of the Plague

Eat, Drink and Be Marry For Tomorrow You May Die

2) The 100 Year War (1337 - 1453)

• Trade dispute leads to war between France and England

• England and France go to warFlanders

England’s

England Invades France• English Badly

outnumbered

BUT…

Use longbow– Can pierce knights

armor – French army is

slaughtered– Common man can

defeat knight! • Englishmen fighting for

England, Frenchmen fighting for France

What is so specialabout that?

-Not fighting for a lord-

Idea of NationalismKnight Warfare is Dead

3) The Great Schism“I’m the Pope”

“No, I’m The Pope”“NO, I’m the Pope”

NO, I’M the Pope”

“No, I said I’MThe Pope!”

“Uh-ah,I’m THE Pope”

“NO! ME, I’m the Pope!!”

Pope Elected By Italian Bishops

Pope ElectedBy French Bishops

Two Papal Capitals

• Pope Dies

• Italian Mobs force French Cardinals in Rome to elect Italian Pope

• Cardinals flee to Avignon, France, make “new Pope

How Did Europe Get Two Popes?

Loss of Church Leadership

• Each Pope Claims the other is a Heretic

• Focus is on gaining advantage over opponent (not Christianity)

• Corruption increased

The End of the Middle Ages

1. Church– No Leadership in time of crisis - Great Schism– Clergy seem more interested in wealth– Plague isn’t stopped by prayers and penances; Clergy desert the

people– New sources of knowledge brought to Europe - Crusades– Church is bought into greater question - revival of learning

2. Feudal Society– Knights no longer effective - 100 yrs. War– Surfs begin to move to towns and cities - growth of towns– Sense of Nationalism grows - 100 yrs. War– People develop economic independence - growth of towns– Population reduced - Bubonic Plague– Money becomes available for new businesses - financial rev. – New limits on the power of Kings - Magna Carta

The Glue that Has held Europe togethersince the Fall Rome is coming apart