Energy Crisis in Pakistan Uzma Siddiqui… PUCIT

What is Energy????

“Energy is ability to do work”

Energy is light… Energy is heat…

What is Energy Crisis:

An energy crisis is any great shortfall (or price rise) in the supply of energy resources to an economy. It usually refers to the shortage of oil and additionally to electricity or other natural resources.

Importance of Energy in Economics:Energy is a crucial ingredient for economic development. As both agricultural and industrial activities increase, the demand for energy similarly increases. In the developing world provision of a greater access to energy has been suggested by some one that will help grow their economies and improve the lives of the poor

Importance of energy in daily life:Energy is one of the most fundamental parts of our universe. Energy is the capacity of a system to do work. Without energy our society would be unable to perform. Without energy our human body would be unable to perform functions Plants would be unable to complete the chlorophyll process .Motors would be unable to perform without the use of a source of electric energy.

Forms of Energy…

Facts about Energy crisis in Pakistan !!!!!!!!

OIL:Pakistan is generating 35.2 percent of its electricity from furnace oil and diesel oil that is mostly imported. Pakistan consumed more than 7.4 million tons of oil equivalents of furnace oil and diesel oil in 2011-12 for electricity generation. The per unit cost of electricity generated from imported furnace oil and diesel oil is high and is expected to increase further due to high forecasted increase in the oil prices. The per unit price of electricity generated from furnace oil is neither viable for industrial consumers nor for domestic consumers. 

Natural Gas share for electricity generation is 29 percent. According to Pakistan Energy Year Book, 2012, Pakistan has 26.65 trillion cubic feet (TCF) balance recoverable gas reserves. Current gas production is 4.2 billion cubic feet per day (bcfd) and the demand is 6 bcfd. While depleting the indigenous natural gas reserves, about one third of the natural gas is used for electricity generation (29 percent) causing a severe domestic and industrial load shedding. That has significantly damaged country’s export earnings and increased the import bill.

 In the light of above discussion, it is evident that electricity generated from oil and gas is not an economically feasible option and the installed capacity of about 15000MW (64.2 percent) out of 22797MW would not be operational. This heavy reliance on imported oil depleting gas reserves is a clear energy security threat.

SUPPLY & DEMAND

According to a surveyHousehold sector 44.2%Industries 31.1%Agriculture 14.3%Government sector 7.4%Commercial 5.5%Street lights 0.7%

Causes of energy crises:

1.Crises in hydropower energy2.Crises in coal3.Crises in oil & gas4.Crises in nuclear5.Poor governance5.Circular debt6.Corruption7.Electricity theft

Effects of energy crisis in Pakistan..

Effect on industryEffect on foreign investmentUnemployment Effect on agriculture

Effect on industry:

That factory has losses from shutting down its equipment and idling its workers. • According to an estimate, there are 10,000 factories in Lahore, among which approximately 30-40 percent factories have been closed because of load shedding. These factories were utilizing electricity and Sui gas in a huge amount.

Effect on Agriculture:load shedding is destroying the agriculture sector because there are 200,000 electric tube wells in the country to irrigate the land, which could not be run due to electricity shortage decrease in agriculture production and food shortage in the country

Unemployment:According to the labor department sources, approximately 800,000 laborers have been dispelled from their jobs. While, 400,000 to 800,000 laborers were receiving less wage.

What should we do to overcome this??????

Solution: a good planning …

1.SHORT TERM PLAN 2.MEDIUM TERM PLAN 3.LONG TERM PLAN

SHORT TERM PLAN

INCREASE IPPs(Independent power

producer)

REACTIVATE CLOSED POWER STATIONS

RENEW POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

IMPORT ELECTRICITY TILL CRISIS

MID-TERM PLAN:

UTILIZATION RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES

INSTALLATION OF SOLAR,WIND, BIOGAS AND

WIND PROJECTS IN ELLIGIBLE AREAS

Long-Term Plan:

DEVELOPING AND INSTALLING COAL BASED POWERHOUSES

INITIATE ENERGY AGREEMENTS WITH FRIENDLY COUNTRIES

EXPLORATION OF MORE OIL,GAS AND COAL FIELDS

UPGRADATION IN TRAINING COURSES FOR ENGINEERS

Because of our numbers and our technology, we humans greatly influence the ecology of Earth. We humans qualified or not, are at the controls. Earth does not come with an operating manual. We humans need to look to science to create one.