Energy Energy ConservationConservationin thein theReal WorldReal World

Energy Energy ConservationConservationin thein theReal WorldReal World ACCESS, Inc. Energy Education Program

ACCESS, Inc. Energy Education Program

HandoutsHandouts

Pre-AssessmentPre-Assessment

Appliance Cost WorksheetAppliance Cost Worksheet

Post-AssessmentPost-Assessment

EvaluationEvaluation

OverviewOverview• Energy generation in Energy generation in the U.S. and Oregonthe U.S. and Oregon

• Energy demand and Energy demand and usesuses• How homes waste How homes waste energyenergy• Governments’ Governments’ responseresponse• Conservation at the Conservation at the household levelhousehold level

• Low-cost Low-cost weatherization, and weatherization, and further savingsfurther savings• The conservation kitThe conservation kit

• Post-assessment and home Post-assessment and home visitvisit

Energy in the Energy in the U.S.A.U.S.A.

Coal - biggest Coal - biggest sourcesource• 1,992 billion kWh1,992 billion kWh• Cheap & dirtyCheap & dirty• Acid rainAcid rain• SmogSmog• MercuryMercury• HH220 contamination0 contamination

NuclearNuclear• 789 billion kWh789 billion kWh• SustainableSustainable• Waste storage issuesWaste storage issues• Potentially dangerous Potentially dangerous • Susceptibility to Susceptibility to sabotagesabotage

HydroelectricHydroelectric•285 billion kWh285 billion kWh• InexpensiveInexpensive• WA, OR, & CA are WA, OR, & CA are largest producerslargest producers• Fish & wildlife Fish & wildlife issuesissues

RenewablesRenewables • 98 billion kWh98 billion kWh• WindWind• SolarSolar• GeothermalGeothermal• BiomassBiomass

Green at 97,000 Green at 97,000 Feet... Feet... • “ “Pathfinder” and “Helios” solar aircraft Pathfinder” and “Helios” solar aircraft

developed by NASA to replace satellites developed by NASA to replace satellites

• Set UAV altitude record in 2001Set UAV altitude record in 2001

• Capable of sustained flights of Capable of sustained flights of a week or more a week or more

Energy in OregonEnergy in Oregon• Hydroelectric dams make Hydroelectric dams make up the majority of the up the majority of the state’s electricity supplystate’s electricity supply

• One coal-fired plant; One coal-fired plant; generates about 7% of supplygenerates about 7% of supply

• Major transmission lines allow for energy Major transmission lines allow for energy transfer to/from WA & CAtransfer to/from WA & CA

• Remainder supplied by natural gas Remainder supplied by natural gas

How Homes Use How Homes Use EnergyEnergy

Source: Pacific Power & Light

Heating/Cooling

36%

Water Heater

25%

Refrigerator/

Freezer(s)

15%Incandescent Lighting 9%

(fluorescent lighting only uses about 2%)

Electric Range/Oven

5%

Clothes Dryer 3.5%

T.V. 2.5%

Dishwasher 1.5%

Clothes Washer

<1%

Computer <1%

Other Appliances

2%

BaseloadBaseload: home’s : home’s minimum minimum continuous power continuous power demanddemandFour heaviest users:Four heaviest users:• Heating/cooling Heating/cooling • Water heatingWater heating• Fridge/FreezerFridge/Freezer• Incandescent lightingIncandescent lighting

More efficient baseload More efficient baseload appliances, yet Americans appliances, yet Americans consume more energy now consume more energy now than ever...than ever...

Why??Why??

Vampire Power LoadsVampire Power Loads• Any non-baseload deviceAny non-baseload deviceusing continuous powerusing continuous power

• Vampire devices can oftenVampire devices can oftencancel out efficiency ofcancel out efficiency ofbaseload upgradesbaseload upgrades

• About $60 per house About $60 per house annually, or $9 billionannually, or $9 billionnationwidenationwide

• “ “Vampire” or “parasitic”Vampire” or “parasitic”loads account for over 4% loads account for over 4% of average home’s energy of average home’s energy costscosts

Your Power BillYour Power Bill

315 Thermal Bndry Rd Kilo, WA

Anita Weatherization123 Thermal Boundary Rd

Kilo, WA 8940296255873-110

123456

What is a Kilowatt-What is a Kilowatt-hour?hour?

Approximate cost in Oregon = $.085 (8.5 ¢) per Approximate cost in Oregon = $.085 (8.5 ¢) per kWhkWh

Divide month’s charges by month’s usage…Divide month’s charges by month’s usage…

How do we calculate cost per kWh?How do we calculate cost per kWh?

Examples:Examples:

100W bulb left on for 10 hours = 1 kWh100W bulb left on for 10 hours = 1 kWh

2000W hairdryer for 1/2 hour = 1 kWh2000W hairdryer for 1/2 hour = 1 kWh

1,000 watts consumed over one hour = 1 kWh1,000 watts consumed over one hour = 1 kWh

““Kilo” means “thousand,” so…Kilo” means “thousand,” so…

Kilowatt-hour (kWh) is a RATEKilowatt-hour (kWh) is a RATE

Kilowatt (KW) is an AMOUNTKilowatt (KW) is an AMOUNT

Calculating Appliance Calculating Appliance CostCost

Determine wattage and time period you want to estimate (day, Determine wattage and time period you want to estimate (day, month, year, etc)month, year, etc)

= $45.90 per month!= $45.90 per month!

1500 1500 xx 12 12 xx 30 30 xx .085 .085 == 45.9 45.9 10001000

Watts Watts xx Hours Used Hours Used xx Days Days xx .085 .085 == cost cost

10001000

For example, How much will using my 1500W space heater 12 For example, How much will using my 1500W space heater 12 hours a day add to my monthly bill?hours a day add to my monthly bill?

How Homes Waste How Homes Waste EnergyEnergyFive major areas Five major areas

• Air infiltrationAir infiltration

• Doors/windowsDoors/windows

• FloorsFloors

• WallsWalls

• CeilingsCeilings

U.S. Government U.S. Government ActionsActions

Energy Star ProgramEnergy Star Program • Joint promotion between EPA and DOE since Joint promotion between EPA and DOE since 19921992• Only products meeting strict federal Only products meeting strict federal guidelines earn label, helps consumers guidelines earn label, helps consumers choose wisely choose wisely Weatherization Assistance ProgramWeatherization Assistance Program

• Nearly 6 million households helped since 1976Nearly 6 million households helped since 1976• DOE funds work through 900+ service providers DOE funds work through 900+ service providers (usually agencies like ACCESS)(usually agencies like ACCESS)• Nationwide, average annual savings of $358/houseNationwide, average annual savings of $358/house

Around the Around the World...World...GERMANY - Renewable Energy Sources ActGERMANY - Renewable Energy Sources Act

• Requires power companies to buy all energyRequires power companies to buy all energygenerated by solar systems for 20 yearsgenerated by solar systems for 20 years• Private homeowners, farmers, etc. install systems Private homeowners, farmers, etc. install systems and earn reliable return on investmentand earn reliable return on investment• Germany leads world in solar electric productionGermany leads world in solar electric production

BAN ON INCANDESCENTS BAN ON INCANDESCENTS • Ireland - 2009Ireland - 2009• Philippines - 2010Philippines - 2010• Australia - 2012Australia - 2012• USA (Clean Energy Act) - 2014 USA (Clean Energy Act) - 2014

ISRAEL - Solar water heatingISRAEL - Solar water heating• Law requires all new construction to include Law requires all new construction to include rooftoprooftopsolar water heaterssolar water heaters• 75% of Israeli households use sun to help 75% of Israeli households use sun to help heat heat waterwater

Thermal DynamicsThermal DynamicsHeat moves in three ways...Heat moves in three ways...

RADIATION RADIATION CONVECTIONCONVECTION

CONDUCTION CONDUCTION

Thermal DynamicsThermal DynamicsINSULATOR:INSULATOR:Material that resists conductive heat loss Material that resists conductive heat loss

Most weatherization work involves Most weatherization work involves insulationinsulation and and air air sealingsealing. Home efficiency demands both.. Home efficiency demands both.

INSULATIOINSULATIONN

AIR SEALINGAIR SEALING

ThermographyThermography

Failing door weatherstripFailing door weatherstrip

Leaking fridge door Leaking fridge door

Brand new home...Brand new home...What’s missing What’s missing here?here?

Only $6,500!Only $6,500!

Conservation at Conservation at HomeHomeKEEPING WARMKEEPING WARMIN THE BEDROOM IN THE BEDROOM

IN THE KITCHEN IN THE KITCHEN

REST OF HOUSE REST OF HOUSE

• Balanced HVAC system - keep all grilles unobstructedBalanced HVAC system - keep all grilles unobstructed• Set thermostat as low as comfortable - every 1º is 2% power bill savings Set thermostat as low as comfortable - every 1º is 2% power bill savings • Don’t let furnace filter or fan get too dirty - HUGE efficiency dropDon’t let furnace filter or fan get too dirty - HUGE efficiency drop

• Keep furniture away from baseboardsKeep furniture away from baseboards• Make sure dryer is vented OUTSIDE - and hose unobstructed Make sure dryer is vented OUTSIDE - and hose unobstructed • Buy or make Styrofoam fireplace plugBuy or make Styrofoam fireplace plug

• Fridge - clean coils once a year, keep away from heat sourcesFridge - clean coils once a year, keep away from heat sources• DO NOT use the oven just for heat - expensive, CO danger with gas ovensDO NOT use the oven just for heat - expensive, CO danger with gas ovens

• Try to cook less in summer (salads, etc.)Try to cook less in summer (salads, etc.)• Cook individual meals in microwave/toaster oven, save $50/yearCook individual meals in microwave/toaster oven, save $50/year

• Electric blanket (200 watts) = 5x cheaper than space heater Electric blanket (200 watts) = 5x cheaper than space heater • Curtains/drapes resist heat loss through windowsCurtains/drapes resist heat loss through windows

• Keep thermostat low - 55-60 ºFKeep thermostat low - 55-60 ºF

Conservation at Conservation at HomeHomeWATER WASTE WATER WASTE

• Use shutoff nozzle for wateringUse shutoff nozzle for watering• Open garden hose uses five times more water per min than shower Open garden hose uses five times more water per min than shower HOSESHOSES

• Most common cause of leaks is broken washers & gasketsMost common cause of leaks is broken washers & gaskets• Steady one-second drip can waste over 2,500 gallons per year Steady one-second drip can waste over 2,500 gallons per year SINKSSINKS

• Use bottles, bags, etc. to displace water volume in older, inefficient toilet tanksUse bottles, bags, etc. to displace water volume in older, inefficient toilet tanks• Some cleaning chemicals damage rubber flapperSome cleaning chemicals damage rubber flapper• Try dye/food coloring in tank to check for silent leaksTry dye/food coloring in tank to check for silent leaks

TOILETSTOILETS

• Showerhead older than 1992? ReplaceShowerhead older than 1992? Replace• Ten-minute shower @ 120 ºF every other day = 4,562 gal/year = $29.58Ten-minute shower @ 120 ºF every other day = 4,562 gal/year = $29.58• Baths use Baths use twicetwice as much hot water as average shower as much hot water as average shower

• Brevity. Every extra minute of average daily usage adds Brevity. Every extra minute of average daily usage adds 913 gallons913 gallons of hot of hot water per yearwater per year

• Average Medford home uses 166k gal/yearAverage Medford home uses 166k gal/yearSHOWERSHOWERSS

A Look at Your Water A Look at Your Water HeaterHeater

• Electric: shut off WH breaker, Electric: shut off WH breaker, unscrew upper & lower panelsunscrew upper & lower panelsand turn temp needle with screwand turn temp needle with screwdriverdriver

• Gas: adjust temp with dial at Gas: adjust temp with dial at bottombottom

• With age, dip tubes can corrode,With age, dip tubes can corrode,mix cold & hot water, hampermix cold & hot water, hamperefficiencyefficiency

• Most water heaters designed Most water heaters designed to last 10-15 yearsto last 10-15 years

• Most efficient temp: 120 ºFMost efficient temp: 120 ºF

DIY WeatherizationDIY WeatherizationDUCT SEALING DUCT SEALING

CostCost

$30$30SavingsSavings

$$$$$$$$

• Loose and/or damaged ducts Loose and/or damaged ducts typically contribute 20% to hometypically contribute 20% to homeair leakage air leakage

• Most leaksMost leaksconcentrated concentrated around registersaround registersand jointsand joints

• Duct tape works on almost every-Duct tape works on almost every-thing but ducts! Use air duct sealant thing but ducts! Use air duct sealant

DIY WeatherizationDIY WeatherizationWEATHERSTRIP WEATHERSTRIP • Drafts though doors can be as Drafts though doors can be as badbadas a fully open window as a fully open window

PIPE WRAPPIPE WRAP

CostCost

$5-10$5-10BenefitBenefit

$$

BenefitBenefit

$$$$ CostCost

<$20<$20

• Most homes have at least one or Most homes have at least one or two leaky exterior doorstwo leaky exterior doors

• Don’t get too close to flueDon’t get too close to fluepipe if gas water heaterpipe if gas water heater

• Wrap both inlet and outlet Wrap both inlet and outlet pipes at top of water heaterpipes at top of water heater

DIY WeatherizationDIY WeatherizationWINDOW FILM WINDOW FILM • Windows account for about 10%Windows account for about 10%of home air leakage of home air leakage

CostCost

$10-20$10-20SavingsSavings

$$$$

• Carried by most hardware storesCarried by most hardware storesand retailers, easy to applyand retailers, easy to apply

• Plastic film acts to reduce draftsPlastic film acts to reduce drafts(infiltration) and conductive heat (infiltration) and conductive heat loss (insulation)loss (insulation)

Maximize Your Maximize Your Savings!Savings!

• Free home energyFree home energyreviewsreviews

• Residential energyResidential energytax credittax credit

Department of Energy

• Cash rebates forCash rebates forhome efficiencyhome efficiencyimprovementsimprovements

• Energy Loan Program:Energy Loan Program:low-interest loans for low-interest loans for projects that save energy projects that save energy

Federal Tax Credit

• Tax credit available Tax credit available forforinsulation, windows, insulation, windows, doors, appliances, etc. doors, appliances, etc. • Search “energy” on theSearch “energy” on the

www.irs.gov site, or www.irs.gov site, or consult tax professionalconsult tax professional

• Funded through a Funded through a 3% charge on PGE3% charge on PGEand PPL billsand PPL bills

The Conservation The Conservation KitKit

• Low-flow showerhead (2.0 gpm)Low-flow showerhead (2.0 gpm)

• Electrical socket/light switch sealersElectrical socket/light switch sealers

• LED night lightLED night light

• Refrigerator thermometerRefrigerator thermometer

• Wall plate thermometerWall plate thermometer

• Compact fluorescent lights (CFLs)Compact fluorescent lights (CFLs)

The Conservation The Conservation KitKit COMPACT FLUORESCENT LIGHTS (CFLs)COMPACT FLUORESCENT LIGHTS (CFLs)

• Lumens indicate brightness (light output)Lumens indicate brightness (light output)

CostCost

$2-3 ea$2-3 ea

BenefitBenefit

$48*$48*

*based on 12,000-hour life span*based on 12,000-hour life span

• Four CFLs included in kit will outlast 40-60 regular bulbsFour CFLs included in kit will outlast 40-60 regular bulbs

• CFLs use roughly 75% less energy than regular counterpartsCFLs use roughly 75% less energy than regular counterparts

The Conservation The Conservation KitKitWALL PLATE THERMOMETERWALL PLATE THERMOMETER

CostCost

$9$9

BenefitBenefit

$$$$$$

• Monitor individual room temperature Monitor individual room temperature and regulate heating/cooling costsand regulate heating/cooling costs • Determine thermostat accuracyDetermine thermostat accuracy

• Installs in minutesInstalls in minutes

• Battery operatedBattery operated

The Conservation The Conservation KitKitREFRIGERATOR THERMOMETERREFRIGERATOR THERMOMETER

CostCost

$1$1

BenefitBenefit

$25$25

• Designed to hang on wire Designed to hang on wire fridge shelf fridge shelf

• Keep temperature +/- 40 ºFKeep temperature +/- 40 ºF

• Depending on age of fridge, Depending on age of fridge, a few degrees’ adjustment a few degrees’ adjustment can add can add up in savings up in savings • Consider buying new Consider buying new model if yours is pre-1993, model if yours is pre-1993, cost usually recouped cost usually recouped within a few yearswithin a few years

The Conservation The Conservation KitKitLED NIGHT LIGHTLED NIGHT LIGHT

• Draws .08 watts (about 1/12)Draws .08 watts (about 1/12)

• Left on 24/7 all year Left on 24/7 all year 5¢ 5¢

• Lasts 100,000 hours (11 years) Lasts 100,000 hours (11 years)

CostCost

$3$3

BenefitBenefit

$30*$30*

*compared to 4-watt bulb over100k hours of *compared to 4-watt bulb over100k hours of usage usage

The Conservation The Conservation KitKitSOCKET & SWITCH SEALERSSOCKET & SWITCH SEALERS

CostCost

$3$3

BenefitBenefit

$$$$

• Outlets and switches account for Outlets and switches account for around 3% of air infiltrationaround 3% of air infiltration

• Use caution during installationUse caution during installation

• Foam gaskets help seal excessiveFoam gaskets help seal excessivegaps around the outletgaps around the outlet

The Conservation The Conservation KitKitSHOWERHEAD AND FAUCET AERATORSSHOWERHEAD AND FAUCET AERATORS

• Showers comprise one third of home’s Showers comprise one third of home’s water usagewater usage• Most showerheads made after 1993 Most showerheads made after 1993 flow at 2.5 gallons per minute flow at 2.5 gallons per minute • Older ones use twice as much water Older ones use twice as much water

CostCost

$6$6

BenefitBenefit

$$$$

• One for kitchen, one for bathroomOne for kitchen, one for bathroom• 2.2 gpm max flow rate2.2 gpm max flow rate• Installs in secondsInstalls in seconds

CostCost

$3$3

BenefitBenefit

$$$$

Savings Through Savings Through AwarenessAwarenessPowerCost Monitor PowerCost Monitor

Kill-A-WattKill-A-Watt

• Determine costsDetermine costs• $30-$50$30-$50

• Usage reduction up to 20%Usage reduction up to 20%• Wireless w/ battery Wireless w/ battery • $149.99$149.99

Post-Assessment & Home Post-Assessment & Home VisitVisit• ReviewReview

• Schedule home visit by Energy Education Schedule home visit by Energy Education staff to receive free kitstaff to receive free kit

•Do you have your…Do you have your…

• Turn in assessments and instructor Turn in assessments and instructor evaluationevaluation

• Homeowner’s consent agreement?Homeowner’s consent agreement?• Proof that home is in your (or landlord’s) name?Proof that home is in your (or landlord’s) name?• Proof of income qualification?Proof of income qualification?

Contact Info & Contact Info & ReferralsReferralsKnow someone who would be Know someone who would be

interested?interested?

Energy Education ProgramEnergy Education ProgramACCESS, Inc.ACCESS, Inc.

541.779.6691541.779.6691 extext. . 336336faxfax: 541.779.8886: 541.779.88863630 Aviation Way3630 Aviation WayMedford, OR 97504Medford, OR 97504 www.access-inc.orgwww.access-inc.org

Notes & ReferenceNotes & ReferenceEnergy Trust of OregonEnergy Trust of Oregon

www.energytrust.orgwww.energytrust.org 1-866-ENTRUST1-866-ENTRUST

Energy Information Administration (U.S. Dept. of Energy)Energy Information Administration (U.S. Dept. of Energy)www.eia.doe.govwww.eia.doe.gov

Oregon Department of EnergyOregon Department of Energywww.oregon.gov/energywww.oregon.gov/energy 503-378-4040/1-800-221-8035503-378-4040/1-800-221-8035

Weatherization TheaterWeatherization Theater (video of crews in action)(video of crews in action)www.waptac.org/sp.asp?id=9088www.waptac.org/sp.asp?id=9088

Oregon Energy Coordinators Association (OECA)Oregon Energy Coordinators Association (OECA)www.warmandsafenow.comwww.warmandsafenow.com

Community Action Partnership of Oregon (CAPO) Community Action Partnership of Oregon (CAPO) www.caporegon.orgwww.caporegon.org

Pacific Power & Light - Energy Efficiency HomepagePacific Power & Light - Energy Efficiency Homepagewww.pacificpower.net/homepage/homepage35752.htmlwww.pacificpower.net/homepage/homepage35752.html